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Nitrogen addition promotes soil carbon accumulation globally

Science China Life Sciences 2025年第1期 284-293页

作者： Xuemei Yang Suhui Ma Erhan Huang Danhua Zhang Guoping Chen Jiangling Zhu Chengjun Ji Biao Zhu Lingli Liu Jingyun Fang Institute of ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciencesand Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationPeking University Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Transboundary Ecosecurity of Southwest China School of Ecology and Environmental ScienceYunnan University State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences

Soil is the largest carbon(C) reservoir in terrestrial ecosystems and plays a crucial role in regulating the global C cycle and climate *** nitrogen(N) deposition has been widely considered as a critical factor affecting soil organic carbon(SOC) storage, but its effect on SOC components with different stability remains unclear. Here, we analyzed extensive empirical data from 304 sites worldwide to investigate how SOC and its components respond to N addition. Our analysis showed that N addition led to a significant increase in bulk SOC(6.7%), with greater increases in croplands(10.6%) and forests(6.0%) compared to grasslands(2.1%). Regarding SOC components, N addition promoted the accumulation of plant-derived C(9.7%–28.5%) over microbial-derived C(0.2%), as well as labile(5.7%) over recalcitrant components(–1.2%), resulting in a shift towards increased accumulation of plant-derived labile C. Consistently, N addition led to a greater increase in particulate organic C(11.9%) than mineral-associated organic C(3.6%), suggesting that N addition promotes C accumulation across all pools, with more increase in unstable than stable pools. The responses of SOC and its components were best predicted by the N addition rate and net primary productivity. Overall, our findings suggest that N enrichment could promote the accumulation of plant-derived and non-mineral associated C and a subsequent decrease in the overall stability of soil C pool, which underscores the importance of considering the effects of N enrichment on SOC components for a better understanding of C dynamics in soils.

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Satellite remote sensing reveals overwhelming recovery of forest from disturbances in Asia

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2025年第1期18卷 46-51页

作者： Yiying Zhu Hesong Wang Anzhi Zhang School of ecology and Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Regional Climate and Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina college of Forestry and Landscape Architecture Xinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqiChina

Forest ecosystems play key roles in mitigating human-induced climate change through enhanced carbon uptake;however,frequently occurring climate extremes and human activities have considerably threatened the stability of *** the same time,detailed accounts of disturbances and forest responses are not yet well quantified in *** study employed the Breaks For Additive Seasonal and Trend method-an abrupt-change detection method-to analyze the Enhanced Vegetation Index time series in East Asia,South Asia,and Southeast *** approach allowed us to detect forest disturbance and quantify the resilience after *** showed that 20%of forests experienced disturbance with an increasing trend from 2000 to 2022,and Southeast Asian countries were more severely affected by ***,95%of forests had robust resilience and could recover from disturbance within a few *** resilience of forests suffering from greater magnitude of disturbance tended to be stronger than forests with lower disturbance *** summary,this study investigated the resilience of forests across the low and middle latitudes of Asia over the past two *** authors found that most forests exhibited good resilience after disturbance and about two-thirds had recovered to a better state in *** findings of this study underscore the complex relationship between disturbance and resilience,contributing to comprehension of forest resilience through satellite remote sensing.

关键词： Forest ecosystem Enhanced vegetation index Breaks for additive seasonal and trend method Disturbance Resilience

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Numerical study of regional environmental carrying capacity for livestock and poultry farming based on planting-breeding balance

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第9期25卷 1882-1889页

作者： Lihong Peng Yu Bai college of the Environment & ecology Xiamen University

In consideration of the need to maintain planting-breeding balance, this article examines the capacity of the soil in Putian City, Fujian Province to absorb livestock and poultry excreta, and computes the environmental carrying capacity for livestock and poultry farming （ECCLPF） in each district of the city in terms of the fertility characteristics of the soil in the city, as well as its mix of crops cultivated and farming methods. On the basis of the computations, this work proceeds to classify the alarm grades of the city＇s environmental carrying capacity for livestock and poultry framing, and assess the environmental impact of the livestock and poultry farming industry. The results of our study indicate that, the city＇s ECCLPF ranges from 8.27 to 23.23 heads per ha when computed on the basis of nitrogen, and from 5.79 to 24.53 heads per ha when computed on the basis of phosphorus. A comparison between our research findings and the existing farming scale in Putian reveals that, in certain parts of the city, ECCLPF is overburdened to varying degrees. Specifically, Chengxiang District is severely overburdened, Hanjiang District and Meizhou Island have a level of overburdening between virtual overburdening and significant overburdening, Licheng District is virtually overburdened, and Xiuyu, Xianyou, and Bei＇an Districts have not exceeded their environmental carrying capacity and therefore have varying levels of potential for growth.

关键词： livestock and poultry farming planting-breeding combination nitrogen and phosphorus balance alarm classification system

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Characteristics of soil seed banks at different geomorphic positions within the longitudinal sand dunes of the Gurbantunggut Desert, China

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Journal of Arid Land 2017年第3期9卷 355-367页

作者： JIA Fengqin Tashpolat TIYIP WU Nan TIAN Changyan ZHANG Yuanming Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresources in Arid Land Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Oasis ecology/Resources and Environment Department Xinjiang University tourism college Urumqi Vocational University

Understanding the characteristics of soil seed banks in sand dunes is crucial to stabilize the dune systems and maintain the plant populations in deserts. In this study, we conducted a survey investigation in the field and a seed germination experiment in the laboratory to explore the characteristics of soil seed banks at various geomorphic positions of longitudinal sand dunes in the Gurbantunggut Desert, China. Totally, 17 plant species belonging to 17 genera and 9 families were identified in soil seed banks, and 35 plant species belonging to 34 genera and 17 families were identified in aboveground vegetation. Plant species richness in soil seed banks decreased with increasing soil depth. The highest species richness was presented in the upper slope of the windward slope and the lowest species richness was presented in the base of the windward slope. There was no significant difference in seed density of soil seed banks among the examined seven geomorphic positions. The highest seed density occurred in the lower slope of the leeward slope while the lowest occurred in the crest. Moreover, seed density decreased with increasing soil depth, being the highest in the upper soil layer （0-2 cm）. For both soil seed banks and aboveground vegetation, there was no significant difference in Simpson＇s diversity index among the seven geomorphic positions; however, Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou＇s evenness index showed significant differences among the seven geomorphic positions. Those results showed that although there was no significant difference in seed density of soil seed banks among the seven geomorphic positions, the geomorphic positions significantly affected the species richness, diversity and distribution of soil seed banks. Therefore, understanding the characteristics of soil seed banks at different geomorphic positions of sand dunes is essential to vegetation restoration or reestablishment. Furthermore, the Jaccard＇s similarity coefficients of plant specie

关键词： soil seed banks geomorphic position seed density species diversity sand dunes Gurbantunggut Desert

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Effects of Predation by Invasive Western Mosquitofish(Gambusia affinis) on Survival of Eggs,Embryos and Tadpoles of Pelophylax nigromaculatus and Duttaphrynus melanostictus in South China

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Asian Herpetological Research 2016年第1期7卷 46-52页

作者： Xiaoli FAN Zhihua LIN Xiang LI Li WEI Guohua DING college of ecology Lishui University

Alien species are one of the most serious threats to the decline and extinction of native amphibian populations. In this study, we examined the predation of invasive Western Mosquitofish Gambusia affinis on the eggs, embryos, and tadpoles of Duttaphrynus melanostictus and Pelophylax nigromaculatus in south China. Our results suggested that the survival of eggs and embryos remaining in the egg capsules of P. nigromaculatus and D. melanostictus was significantly higher than those removed from the egg capsule at 12-h intervals within 72 h in the presence of G. affinis. The survival of P. nigromaculatus eggs and embryos without egg capsules was significantly lower than those of D. melanostictus without egg capsules. The survival of P. nigromaculatus eggs and embryos with egg capsules was significantly higher than those of D. melanostictus with egg capsules from 24 h to 72 h except for 12 h. The survival of D. melanostictus tadpoles was significantly higher than that of P. nigromaculatus tadpoles in the presence of G. affinis. The survival of Gosner stage 26 tadpoles of P. nigromaculatus was significantly higher than that of Gosner stage 30 tadpoles from 12 h to 60 h, but there were no significant differences at 72 h. In contrast, the survival of Gosner stage 26 tadpoles of D. melanostictus was significantly lower than that of Gosner stage 30 tadpoles within 72 h, recording every 12 h. The increasing temperature caused a significant increase in predation by G. affinis on P. nigromaculatus eggs and embryos. The outer jelly capsule surrounding anurans eggs might serve as a mechanical defense against predation by G. affinis due to its large diameter, relatively stationary state and unpalatability. The differences in the vulnerability of P. nigromaculatus and D. melanostictus embryos and tadpoles to G. affinis probably due to differences in the unpalatability, black skin and activity. Based on the magnitude of predation by G. affinis on the eggs, embryos and tadpoles of thes

关键词： amphibian anura tadpoles eggs embryos predation risk

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Assessing Maize Drought Hazard for Agricultural Areas Based on the Fuzzy Gamma Model

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第3期12卷 532-540页

作者： LIU Xing-peng ZHANG Ji-quan CAI Wei-ying TONG Zhi-jun Natural Disaster Research Institute College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Northeast Normal University Key Laboratory for Vegetation ecology Ministry of Education/Northeast Normal University college of tourism Changchun University

Drought is one of the severe meteorological disasters and causes of serious losses for agricultural productions, and early assessment of drought hazard degree is critical in management of maize farming. This study proposes a novel method for assessment of maize drought hazard in different growth stages. First, the study divided the maize growth period into four critical growth stages, including seeding, elongation, tasseling, and filling. Second, maize drought causal factors were selected and the fuzzy membership function was established. Finally, the study built a fuzzy gamma model to assess maize drought hazards, and the gamma 0.93 was finally established using Monte Carlo Analysis. Performing fuzzy gamma operation with 0.93 for gamma and classifying the area yielded a map of maize drought hazards with four zones of light, moderate, severe, and extreme droughts. Using actual field collected data, seven selected samples for drought hazard degree were examined, the model output proved to be a valid tool in the assessment maize drought hazard. This model will be very useful in analyzing the spatial change of maize drought hazard and influence on yield, which is significant for drought management in major agricultural areas.

关键词： maize growth period fuzzy gamma modeling drought hazard

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Trunk volume estimation of irregular shaped Populus euphratica riparian forest using TLS point cloud data and multivariate prediction models

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第1期10卷 1-11页

作者： Asadilla Yusup Umut Halik Maierdang Keyimu Tayierjiang Aishan Abdulla Abliz Babierjiang Dilixiati Jianxin Wei college of ecology and Environment Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Oasis EcologyXinjiang UniversityUrumqi830046China State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of ScienceUrumqi830011China Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems Cele848300China college of tourism Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Xinjiang's Historical and Cultural TourismXinjiang UniversityUrumqi830046China Xinjiang Laser Radar Engineering Technology Center Urumqi830002China

Background: Trunk volume(Vt) is an essential parameter for estimating forest stand volume, biomass, and carbon sequestration potential. As the dominant tree species in desert riparian forests, Euphrates poplar(Populus euphratica) has a high proportion of irregularly shaped tree trunks along the Tarim River, NW China, where the habitat is very fragile owing to long-term water stress. This causes uncertainty in estimation accuracy as well as technical challenges for forest surveys. Our study aimed to acquire P. euphratica Vtusing terrestrial laser scanning(TLS) and to establish a species-specific Vtprediction ***: A total of 240 individual trees were measured by TLS multiple-station in 12 sampling plots in three sections along the lower reaches of the Tarim River. Vtwas calculated by a definite integration method using trunk diameters(Di) at every 0.1-m tree height obtained from TLS, and all data were split randomly into two sets:70% of data were used to estimate the model parameter calibration, and the remaining 30% were used for model validation. Sixteen widely used candidate tree Vtestimation models were fitted to the TLS-measured Vtand tree structural parameter data, including tree height(H), diameter at breast height(DBH), and basal diameter(BD). All model performances were evaluated and compared by the statistical parameters of determination coefficient(R^(2)),root mean square error(RMSE), Bayesian information criterion(BIC), mean prediction error(ME), mean absolute error(MAE), and modeling efficiency(EF), and accordingly the best model was ***: TLS point cloud reflection intensity(RI) has advantageous in the extraction of data from irregular tree trunk structures. The P. euphratica tree Vtvalues showed obvious differences at the same tree height(H). There was no significant correlation between Vtand H(R^(2)=0.11, P < 0.01), which reflected the irregularity of P. euphratica trunk shape in the study area. Among all the models, model(14): Vt

关键词： Populus euphratica Trunk volume Terrestrial laser scanning(TLS) Reflection intensity Tarim river

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Effect of precipitation pH and coexisting magnesium ion on phosphate adsorption onto hydrous zirconium oxide

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第2期31卷 167-187页

作者： Jianwei Lin Xingxing Wang Yanhui Zhan college of Marine ecology and Environment Shanghai Ocean University

To understand the effect of precipitation pH and coexisting Mg^(2+) on phosphate adsorption onto zirconium oxide(ZrO_2), ZrO_2 particles precipitated at pH 5.3, 7.1 and 10.5, i.e., ZrO_2(5.3), ZrO_2(7.1)and ZrO_2(10.5), respectively were prepared and characterized, then their adsorption performance and mechanism in the absence and presence of Mg^(2+) were comparatively investigated in this study. The results showed that the Elovich, pseudo-second-order and Langmuir isotherm models correlated with the experimental data well. The adsorption mechanism involved the complexation between phosphate and zirconium. Coexisting Mg^(2+) slightly inhibited the adsorption of phosphate on ZrO_2(5.3), including the adsorption capacity and rate, but coexisting Mg^(2+) greatly increased the adsorption capacity and rate for ZrO_2(7.1)and ZrO_2(10.5). The enhanced adsorption of phosphate on ZrO_2(7.1) and ZrO_2(10.5) in the presence of Mg^(2+) was mainly due to the formation of Mg^(2+)-HPO_4^(2-) ion pair(MgHPO_4~0) in the solution and then the adsorption of MgHPO_4~0 on the adsorbent surface, forming the phosphatebridged ternary complex Zr(OPO_3H)Mg. In the absence of Mg^(2+) , the maximum phosphate adsorption capacity at pH 7 calculated from the Langmuir isotherm model decreased in the order of ZrO 2(7.1)(67.3 mg/g) > ZrO_2(5.3)(53.6 mg/g) ≈ ZrO_2(10.5)(53.1 mg/g), but it followed the order of Zr O2(7.1)(97.0 mg/g) > ZrO_2(10.5)(79.7 mg/g) > ZrO_2(5.3)(51.3 mg/g) in the presence of Mg^(2+) . The results of this work suggest that ZrO_2(7.1) is more suitable for use as an adsorbent for the effective removal of phosphate from municipal wastewater than ZrO_2(5.3) and ZrO_2(10.5),because Mg^(2+) is generally present in this wastewater.

关键词： Hydrous zirconium oxide Different precipitation pH values Adsorption Phosphate Magnesium ion Effect

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Effects of hydroperiod duration on developmental plasticity in tiger frog （Hoplobatrachus chinensis） tadpoles

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Zoological Research 2014年第2期35卷 124-131页

作者： Xiao-Li FAN Zhi-Hua LIN Jie WEI college of ecology Lishui University

While developmental plasticity can facilitate evolutionary diversification of organisms, the effects of water levels as an environmental pressure on tiger frogs remains unclear. This study clarifies the relationship by studying the responses of tiger frog （Hoplobatrachus chinensis） tadpoles to simulated hydroperiods （i.e., constant low water levels, constant high water levels, increasing water levels, decreasing water levels, rapid changes in water levels and gradual fluctuations in water levels） in a laboratory setting. ANOVA analysis showed that none of the water level treatments had any significant effect on the total length, body mass, or developmental stages of H. chinensis tadpoles half way through development （11 days old）. Tadpoles raised in rapidly fluctuating water levels had protracted metamorphosis, whereas tadpoles raised under low and gradually fluctuating water levels had shortened metamorphosis. None of the water level treatments had a significant effect on the snout-vent length （SVL） or body mass of H. chinensis tadpoles at Gosner stage 42, or on the body mass of tadpoles at Gosner stage 45. However, the＇ tadpoles raised in high levels and rapidly fluctuating water levels, significantly larger SVL at Gosner stage 45, while ones under gradually fluctuating water levels had smaller SVL than the other groups. Time to metamorphosis was positively correlated with body size （SVL） at metamorphosis in H. chinensis tadpoles. H. chinensis tadpoles under constant low water level had the highest mortality rate among all the treatments （G-test）. Moreover, ANOVA and ACNOVA （with body length as the covariate） indicated that water levels had no significant effect on either the morphology （i.e. head length, head width, forelimb length, hindlimb length and body width） or the jumping ability of juvenile H. chinensis. These results suggest that the observed accelerated metamorphosis and high mortality of H. chinensis tadpoles under decreasing water level treatment was

关键词： Hoplobatrachus chinensis Tadpole Water level Metamorphosis Developmental plasticity Jumping ability

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Density But Not Kinship Regulates the Growth and Developmental Traits of Chinese Tiger Frog (Hoplobatrachus chinensis) Tadpoles

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Asian Herpetological Research 2014年第2期5卷 113-118页

作者： Li WEI Weiwei SHAO Guohua DING Xiaoli FAN Zhihua LIN college of ecology Lishui University

Kinship and density are believed to affect important ecological processes such as intraspecific competition, predation, growth, development, cannibalism, habitat selection and mate choice, In this work, we used Chinese tiger frog Hoplobatrachus chinensis tadpoles as an experimental model to investigate the effects of kinship and density on growth and development of this species over a 73 day period. The results showed that density can affect the growth and developmental traits （survival rate, larval period, size at the limb bud protrusion/metamorphic climax and body mass at different life stages） of H. chinensis tadpoles, while kinship does not. Tadpoles took longer to develop and potential metamorphosis was greater in high density groups of both sibling and non-siblings. The interaction of kinship and density did not significantly influenced growth traits of H. chinensis tadpoles during the experimental period. For coefficient variations of each growth trait, no differences were detected between sibling and non-sibling groups. These findings provide valuable information on the basic ecology of H. chinensis which will be helpful in future studies of other anuran species.

关键词： Kinship density intraspecific competetion growth metamorphic climax Hoplobatrachus chinensis

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