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A REVIEW OF PROTOCOLS AND GUIDELINES ADDRESSING THE EXPOSURE OF OCCUPANTS TO ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD RADIATION(EMFR)IN BUILDINGS

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Journal of Green Building 2021年第2期16卷 55-81页

作者： Shabnam Monadizadeh Charles J.Kibert Jiaxuan Li Junghoon Woo Ashish Asutosh Samira Roostaie Maryam Kouhirostami Powell Center for construction and Environment M.E.Rinker Sr.School of Construction ManagementUniversity of Florida UF School of Architecture College of DesignConstruction&PlanningUniversity of Florida

A significant share of the technology that has emerged over the past several decades produces electromagnetic field(EMFR)*** devices,household appliances,industrial equipment,and medical equipment and devices all produce EMFR with a variety of frequencies,strengths,and *** EMFR,such as Extremely Low Frequency(ELF),Radio Frequency(RF),and Ionizing Range(IR)radiation have been shown to have harmful effects on human *** on the frequency and strength of the radiation,EMFR can have health effects at the cellular level as well as at brain,nervous,and cardiovascular *** authorities have enacted regulations locally and globally to set critical values to limit the adverse effects of *** introducing a more comprehensive field of EMFR study and practice,architects and designers can design for a safer electromagnetic(EM)indoor environment,and,as building and construction specialists,will be able to monitor and reduce EM *** paper identifies the nature of EMFR in the built environment,the various EMFR sources,and its human health *** addresses European and US regulations for EMFR in buildings and provides a preliminary action *** challenges of developing measurement protocols for the various EMFR frequency ranges and determining the effects of EMFR on building occu-pants are *** paper argues that a mature method for measuring EMFR in building environments and linking these measurements to human health impacts will foster occupant health and lead to the adequate development of safeguards for occupants of buildings in future research.

关键词： electromagnetic field human health biological effects of exposure to EMF electro-magnetic field regulation in buildings

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ASSESSING THE JOB CREATION POTENTIAL OF ENERGY CONSERVATION INVESTMENTS

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Journal of Green Building 2011年第2期6卷 156-169页

作者： Charles J.Kibert Richard Fobair James Sullivan college of design construction&planning University of Florida Ph.D. P.E.LEED-AP

This paper presents a model for assessing the job creation potential of energy conservation investments resulting from construction related installation *** also addresses indirect job creation in manufacturing resulting from the purchase of energy conservation related equipment and *** model is based on construction estimating techniques and is designed to be flexible for the purpose of addressing job creation due to a wide variety of energy conservation *** uses a reverse estimating technique that begins with the scale of the energy conservation investment and then backs out the contractor’s profit and overhead and then the cost of equipment/***,the model allocates the labor portion of the investment based on loaded labor rates and typical crew *** input variables,including worker skill level,allocation of worker time per skill level,regional effects on job creation,rate of pay,and worker benefits,can be modified for the purpose of fine-tuning the model for geographic region and specific energy conservation *** from the model include construction job creation and manufacturing job creation.

关键词： job creation energy conservation building retrofit weatherization construction manufacturing

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Novel Methodologies for Preventing Crack Propagation in Steel Gas Pipelines Considering the Temperature Effect

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Structural Durability & Health Monitoring 2025年第1期19卷 1-23页

作者： Nurlan Zhangabay Ulzhan Ibraimova Marco Bonopera Ulanbator Suleimenov Konstantin Avramov Maryna Chernobryvko Aigerim Yessengali Department of Architecture and Urban planning Mukhtar Auezov South Kazakhstan UniversityShymkent160012Kazakhstan Department of Industrial Civil and Road construction Mukhtar Auezov South Kazakhstan UniversityShymkent160012Kazakhstan Mechanics Sound&Vibration LaboratoryDepartment of Civil EngineeringCollege of EngineeringNational Taiwan UniversityTaipei10617Taiwan Department of Reability&Dynamic Strength A.Pidhornyi Institute of Mechanical Engineering Problems of National Academy of Sciences of UkraineKharkiv61046Ukraine

Using the software ANSYS-19.2/Explicit Dynamics,this study performedﬁnite-element modeling of the large-diameter steel pipeline cross-section for the Beineu-Bozoy-Shymkent gas pipeline with a non-through straight crack,strengthened by steel wire *** effects of the thread tensile force of the steel winding in the form of single rings at the crack edges and the wires with different winding diameters and pitches were also *** results showed that the strengthening was preferably executed at a minimum value of the thread tensile force,which was 6.4%more effective than that at its maximum *** analysis of the inﬂuence of the winding dia-meters showed that the equivalent stresses increased by 32%from the beginning of the crack growth until the wire *** increment in winding diameter decelerated the disclosure of the edge crack and reduced its length by 8.2%.The analysis of the inﬂuence of the winding pitch showed that decreasing the distance between the winding turns also led to a 33.6%reduction in the length of the straight crack and a 7.9%reduction in the maximum stres-ses on the strengthened pipeline *** analysis of the temperature effect on the pipeline material,within a range from-40℃ to+50℃,resulted in a crack length change of up to 5.8%.As the temperature dropped,the crack length *** such a temperature range,the maximum stresses were observed along the cen-tral area of the crack,which were equal to 413 MPa at+50℃ and 440 MPa at-40℃.The results also showed that the presence of the steel winding in the pipeline signiﬁcantly reduced the length of crack propagation up to 8.4 times,depending on the temperature effect and design parameters of *** work integrated the existing methods for crack localization along steel gas pipelines.

关键词： Crack propagation ﬁnite-element internal pressure prestressing steel gas pipeline temperature effect

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Analysis of Sustainable Materials Used in Ecovillages: Review of Progress in BedZED and Masdar City

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2012年第5期27卷 1004-1007页

作者：朱聃 Michael Kung Bill Whiteford Alex Boswell-Ebersole college of design Construction and PlanningUniversity of Florida college of Education University of Florida Florida 32611 USA college of design Construction and Planning University of Florida Florida 32611 USA Levin college of Law University of Florida Florida 32611 USA

This paper explores reclaimed and recycled material used in ecovillages. The models discussed in this paper include BedZED in the United Kingdom and Masdar City in the Middle East. These two communities contain features characterized by the sustainable principles of the ecovillage concept by using non-traditional building materials. The creations of more ecovillages, along with the growth of current ecovillages, play an important role in positively solvening environmental and social problems. The sustainable materials used in the ecovillages also act as a model for communities wishing to implement sustainable development.

关键词： reclaimed materials green supply chain sustainable development ecovillage

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Normalized urban heat island (UHI) indicators: Classifying the temporal variation of UHI for building energy simulation (BES) applications

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Building Simulation 2023年第9期16卷 1645-1658页

作者： Manan Singh Ryan Sharston Florida Institute for Built Environment Resilience(FIBER) College of DesignConstruction and PlanningUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32601USA

Despite known effects of urban heat island(UHI)on building energy consumption such as increased cooling energy demand,typical building energy simulation(BES)practices lack a standardized approach to incorporate UHI into building energy *** seasonal and diurnal variation of UHI makes the task of incorporating UHI into BES an especially challenging task,often limited by the availability of detailed hourly temperature data at building *** paper addresses the temporal variation of UHI by deriving four normalized UHI indicators that can successfully capture the seasonal and diurnal variation of *** accuracy of these indicators was established across four climate types including hot and humid(Miami,FL),hot and dry(Los Angeles,CA),cold and dry(Denver,CO),and cold and humid(Chicago,IL),and three building types including office,hospital,and *** four indicators are mean summer daytime UHI,mean summer nighttime UHI,mean winter daytime UHI,and mean winter nighttime UHI,which can accurately predict cooling,heating,and annual energy consumption with mean relative error of less than 1%.Not only do these indicators simplify the application of UHI to BES but also,they provide a new paradigm for UHI data collection,storage,and usage,specifically for the purpose of BES.

关键词： building energy simulation(BES) UHI indicators UHI temporal variation urban temperature variation

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RESILIENCE COVERAGE OF GLOBAL SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORKS:A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

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Journal of Green Building 2021年第2期16卷 23-53页

作者： Samira Roostaie Maryam Kouhirostami Mahya Sam Charles J Kibert UF School of Architecture College of DesignConstruction&PlanningUniversity of FloridaP.O.Box 1157021480 Inner RoadGainesvilleFL 32611-5702 School of construction Management University of Florida304 Rinker/P.O.Box 115703GainesvilleFL 32611-5703

Sustainable development has been a popular concept since 1987 and the issuance of the Brundtland report.A diverse number of sustainability assessment frameworks are available to examine the environmental performance of buildings and *** the current pace of climate change and the increasing threat of stronger,more frequent natural hazards,however,there are doubts that sustainability alone is an effective *** assessment frameworks in recent years have been criticized for not incorporating hazard *** better understand the current level of emphasis put on resilience to natural hazards in green building rating systems,this study aims to assess the level of resilience integration in existing sustainability assessment *** results demonstrate an overall lack of resilience coverage in the frameworks with only four frameworks,CASBEE,LEED,Green Globes,and DGNB having resilience coverage of 27.5%,15%,2.6%,and 1.1%*** confirms a need for more systematic integration of resilience indicators into sustain-ability rating systems to create combined frameworks for sustainability and resilience.

关键词： sustainability assessment frameworks green building rating systems sustainability resilience integration integrated framework unified framework

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Analysis on Public Transportation Influences on Real Estate Development in East Lansing

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2011年第1期14卷 73-78页

作者： WANG Xiaoxiao YAN Jie college of Architecture Illinois Institute of Technology 60616 USA School of planning Design and Construction Michigan State University 48824 USA

The purpose for this article is to research the relationship between public transportation and real estate based on the area of East *** methods are mainly used to analyze the data:correlation analysis and means analysis with the help of Statistical Package for the Social Sciences(SPSS) data analyzing *** are two analysis results:(1) the real estate,which is closer to public transportation,will have higher value than that is far from public transportation,and(2) the number of bus in one bus stop has no obvious relation with the value of real *** on these results,real estate developers could build residential real estate close to public transportation or bring public transportation in their real estate community by contract with transportation *** sum,they should reasonably use public transportation as attractive features to convince people to prefer to their houses.

关键词： public transportation real estate value East Lansing

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LIGHTING QUALITY AND ACOUSTIC QUALITY IN LEED-CERTIFIED BUILDINGS USING OCCUPANT EVALUATION

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Journal of Green Building 2011年第2期6卷 139-155页

作者： Young S.Lee School of planning Design&ConstructionMichigan State UniversityEast Lansing48823

Lighting quality and acoustic quality are often not well addressed in the current green building practice,including the Leadership in Energy and Environmental design(LEED)Green Building Rating System in the *** the level of LEED certification indicates the level of sustainability,it is not clear if a higher level of LEED certification also implies a more comfortable and productive work *** study intended to find the relationship between the level of LEED certification and the level of worker satisfaction and perceived job performance regarding lighting quality and acoustic quality from fifteen LEED-certified *** findings indicate that the LEED Platinum building group tended to provide better lighting quality than the other lower certification groups,while the LEED Gold building group showed lower lighting quality and acoustic quality than the rest of the *** designers and organizations should be mindful of the importance of lighting and acoustic qualities in promoting better comfort and productivity as it is easy to overlook these criteria when complying with LEED IEQ guidelines.

关键词： lighting quality acoustics quality IEQ LEED

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RISK FRAMEWORK FOR ENERGY PERFORMANCE CONTRACTING BUILDING RETROFITS

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Journal of Green Building 2016年第2期11卷 93-115页

作者： George H.Berghorn M.G.Matt Syal Michigan State University School of PlanningDesignand Construction552 WCircle DriveEast LansingMI 48824

Energy performance contracting(EPC)has emerged as a useful project financ-ing and delivery tool for building retrofits,particularly among building owner-ships which have experienced reduced funding for capital *** EPC,a contractor(called the EPC contractor or the energy service company)guaran-tees minimum energy savings performance and enables the building owner to finance the project using utility savings over the length of the project(which is typically 12-15 years,or longer).Despite its growing use,there is a dearth of lit-erature regarding a contractor’s risks related to the delivery and execution of EPC building *** is particularly important as the performance guarantee effec-tively transfers project performance risk from the owner to the EPC *** research proposes a project factors-based risk framework for EPC building retrofits,initially developed through a comprehensive review of relevant literature and project documents and refined through the elicited expertise of 19 highly expe-rienced EPC contracting professionals.A Delphi technique-based expertise elici-tation strategy was used to confirm the findings of the a priori(literature-based)framework and provide additional analysis related to risk causes and control mea-sures as well as relative risk *** information was used to construct a refined risk framework which provides insight into the lengthy project performance period during the earliest phases of the project’s life *** has the advantage of providing rapid screening of the project factors that can potentially lead to the greatest project performance risks.

关键词： energy performance contracting(EPC) energy efficient building practices building retrofits project performance risks projected utility savings controlling operating costs

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GIS-based evaluation of landslide susceptibility using a novel hybrid computational intelligence model on different mapping units

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第12期17卷 2929-2941页

作者： ZHANG Ting-yu MAO Zhong-an WANG Tao Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering construction Group Land Survey planning and design Institute Co. Ltd.Xi'an710075China

Landslide susceptibility mapping is significant for landslide *** approaches have been used for landslide susceptibility prediction,however,their performances are *** study constructed a hybrid model,namely box counting dimension-based kernel logistic regression model,which uses fractal dimension calculated by box counting method as input data based on grid cells mapping unit and terrain mapping *** performance of this model was evaluated in the application in Zhidan County,Shaanxi Province,***,a total of 221 landslides were identified and mapped,and 11 landslide predisposing factors were ***,the landslide susceptibility maps(LSMs) of the study area were obtained by constructing the model on two different mapping ***,the results were evaluated with five statistical indexes,sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value(PPV),negative predictive value(NPV) and *** statistical indexes of the model obtained on the terrain mapping unit were larger than those based on grid cells mapping *** training and validation datasets,the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC) of the model based on terrain mapping unit were 0.9374 and 0.9527,respectively,indicating that establishing this model on the terrain mapping unit was advantageous in the study *** results show that the fractal dimension improves the prediction ability of the kernel logistic *** addition,the terrain mapping unit is a more promising mapping unit in Loess areas.

关键词： Kernel logistic regression model Landslide susceptibility GIS Fractal dimension

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