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Engineering classification recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries through pretreatment:a comprehensive review from laboratory to scale-up application

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Rare Metals 2024年第3期43卷 915-941页

作者： Shu-Xuan Yan You-Zhou Jiang Xiang-Ping Chen Lu Yuan Ting-Ting Min Yu Cao Wan-Li Peng Tao Zhou Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China college of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410083China School of Public Policy and Management Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China China Nonferrous Metal Industry's Foreign Engineering and construction Co. LtdBeijing 100029China

The lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)have been widely equipped in electric/hybrid electric vehicles(EVs/HEVs)and the portable electronics due to their excellent electrochemical performances.However,a large number of retired LIBs that consist of toxic substances(e.g.,heavy metals,electrolytes)and valuable metals(e.g.,Li,Co)will inevitably flow into the waste stream,and their incineration or landfill treatment will cause severe risks to ecosystem and human beings.The sustainable and efficient treatment or recycling of valuable resources from spent LIBs should be fully recognized for environmental and resource security.As one of the most important processes for spent LIBs recycling,the pretreatment is an indispensable step,which is directly related to the subsequent metal extraction and separation processes.Although considerable progresses have been made regarding the pretreatment technologies,there are few summarized reports concerning critical processes of spent LIBs recycling,especially combination of currently available recycling technologies with industrialized applications during pretreatments.Therefore,comprehensive review of the current prevailing pretreatment technologies in laboratory to existing scale-up applications is quite necessary to reveal cutting-edge development in the field of pretreatment.In this review,the current pretreatment technologies are systematically categorized and introduced,along with critical discussions.This review focused on the various options for pretreatment processes itself,instead of general spent LIBs recycling technologies without the focused topics that have been sophisticatedly reviewed by previous studies.Here,the deactivation,discharge,dismantling,separation,liberation of active material and electrolyte treatment have been summarized with the in-depth discussion of the technology development and current status of each category.Finally,current states of industrial development are also reviewed and discussed for the development of efficient and environmentally friendly recyclin

关键词： Spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) Recycling Pretreatment Valuable metals Cutting-edge technologies Industrialized application

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Selective core-shell doping enabling high performance 4.6 V-LiCoO2

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 684-693页

作者： Yueming Xia Jianrui Feng Jinhui Li Yan Li Zhengfeng Zhang Xiaoqi Wang Jianli Shao Manling Sui Pengfei Yan Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Solids College of Materials Science & Engineering Beijing University of Technology Petro China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & development State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology

Constructing robust surface and bulk structure is the prerequisite for realizing high performance high voltage LiCoO2（LCO）.Herein,we manage to synthesize a surface Mg-doping and bulk Al-doping coreshell structured LCO,which demonstrates excellent cycling performance.Half-cell shows 94.2% capacity retention after 100 cycles at 3.0-4.6 V（vs.Li/Li+） cycling,and no capacity decay after 300 cycles for fullcell test（3.0-4.55 V）.Based on comprehensive microanalysis and theoretical calculations,the degradation mechanisms and doping effects are systematically revealed.For the undoped LCO,high voltage cycling induces severe interfacial and bulk degradations,where cracks,stripe defects,fatigue H2 phase,and spinel phase are identified in grain bulk.For the doped LCO,Mg-doped surface shell can suppress the interfacial degradations,which not only stabilizes the surface structure by forming a thin rock-salt layer but also significantly improves the electronic conductivity,thus enabling superior rate performance.Bulk Al-doping can suppress the lattice "breathing" effect and the detrimental H3 to H1-3 phase transition,which minimizes the internal strain and defects growth,maintaining the layered structure after prolonged cycling.Combining theoretical calculations,this work deepens our understanding of the doping effects of Mg and Al,which is valuable in guiding the future material design of high voltage LCO.

关键词： Doping effect Electron microscopy Failure mechanism High-voltage LiCoO2 Lithium-ion battery

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High performance photodegradation resistant PVA@TiO_(2)/carboxyl-PES self-healing reactive ultrafiltration membrane

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第2期66卷 31-39页

作者： Yu Liang Yuanfang Fan Zhongmin Su Mingxin Huo Xia Yang Hongliang Huo Chi Wang Zhi Geng college of Environment Engineering Research Center of Low-Carbon Treatment and Green Development of Polluted Water in Northeast ChinaMinistry of EducationNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun 130117China School of Science Hainan UniversityHaikou 570225China

The occurrence of ultrafiltration(UF)membrane fouling frequently hampers the sustainable advancement of UF technology.Reactive self-cleaning UF membranes can effectively alleviate the problem of membrane fouling.Nevertheless,the self-cleaning process may accelerate membrane aging.Addressing these concerns,we present an innovative design concept for composite self-healing materials based on self-cleaning UF membranes.To begin,TiO_(2)nanoparticles were incorporated into the polymer molecular structure via molecular design,resulting in the synthesis of TiO_(2)/carboxyl-polyether sulfone(PES)hybrid materials.Subsequently,the nonsolvent-induced phase inversion technique was employed to prepare a novel of UF membrane.Lastly,a polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)hydrogel coating was applied to the hybrid UF membrane surface to create PVA@TiO_(2)/carboxyl-PES self-healing reactive UF membranes.By establishing a covalent bond,the TiO_(2)nanoparticles were effectively and uniformly dispersed within the UF membrane,leading to exceptional self-cleaning properties.Furthermore,the water-absorbing and swelling properties of PVA hydrogel,along with its capacity to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules,resulted in UF membranes with improved hydrophilicity and active self-healing abilities.The results demonstrated that the water contact angle of PVA@5%TiO_(2)/carboxyl-PES UF membrane was 43.1°.Following a 1-h exposure to simulated solar exposure,the water flux recovery ratio increased from 48.16%to 81.03%.Moreover,even after undergoing five cycles of 12-h simulated sunlight exposure,the UF membranes exhibited a consistent retention rate of over 97%,thus fully demonstrating their exceptional self-cleaning,antifouling,and selfhealing capabilities.We anticipate that the self-healing reactive UF membrane system will serve as a pioneering and comprehensive solution for the self-cleaning antifouling challenges encountered in UF membranes while also effectively mitigating the aging effects of reactive UF membranes.

关键词： Ultrafiltration membrane Self-cleaning Self-healing Poly(aryl ether sulfone)

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The Mn/Yb/Er triple-doped CeO_(2) nanozyme with enhanced oxidase-like activity for highly sensitive ratiometric detection of nitrite

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第6期35卷 491-495页

作者： Simin Wei Yaqing Yang Junjie Li Jialin Wang Jinlu Tang Ningning Wang Zhaohui Li college of Chemistry Institute of Analytical Chemistry for Life ScienceHenan Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Construction of Functional Molecules and their Bioanalytical ApplicationsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China School of Basic Medical Sciences Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

Long-term excessive intake of nitrite(NO_(2)^(-))poses a great threat to human health,needing a simple and fast method to detect NO_(2)-in food.Herein,via a simple and feasible strategy,Mn/Yb/Er triple-doped CeO_(2) nanozyme(Mn/Yb/Er/CeO_(2))was synthesized for highly sensitive ratiometric detection of nitrite.By doping Mn,Yb,Er into CeO_(2) lattice structure,Mn/Yb/Er/CeO_(2) nanozyme showed enhanced oxidase-like activity,obtaining a higher density of oxygen vacancy and a higher ratio of Ce^(3+)to Ce~(4+)than that of CeO_(2).The 3,3,5,5-tetramethylbenzidine(TMB)can be effectively oxidized by Mn/Yb/Er/CeO_(2) to produce the oxidized TMB(ox TMB),showing a significant absorption signal at 652 nm.Additionally,nitrite can react with ox TMB to produce yellow diazotized ox TMB,which is accompanied by an elevated absorption signal at 445 nm and a decreased absorption signal at 652 nm.Thus,based on the oxidase-mimetic activity of Mn/Yb/Er/CeO_(2) and the diazotization reaction between NO_(2)^(-)and ox TMB,a ratiometric colorimetric assay was established for NO_(2)^(-)detection in food.Furthermore,by integrating Mn/Yb/Er/CeO_(2) with a smartphone,a colorimetric smartphone-sensing platform was successfully fabricated for visualization and quantitative detection of NO_(2)^(-).Notably,this two-detection mode showed excellent sensitivity,selectivity,reliability and practicability in monitoring the NO_(2)^(-)in real samples,impling its great potential for food safety.

关键词： Mn/Yb/Er/CeO_(2)nanozyme Oxidase-like activity Nitrite Ratiometric detection Two-detection mode

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Genetic diversity of food-medicinal Lycium spp. in China: Insights from chloroplast genome

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2024年第3期16卷 401-411页

作者： Ruyu Yao Bin Wang Michael Heinrich Qiuling Wang Peigen Xiao Institute of Medicinal Plant development Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and development of Southern Medicine Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant DevelopmentChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Research Group 'Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy' UCL School of PharmacyUniversity of London

Objective:Goji(fruits of Lycium spp.) is commonly consumed as food and medicine.The increasing market demand for goji has led to its wide cultivation and broad breeding,which might cause loss of genetic diversity.This study aims to uncover the genetic diversity of the cultivated and wild Lycium.Methods:The chloroplast genome(CPG) of 34 accessions of Chinese food-medicinal Lycium spp., including the popular cultivars and their wild relatives,was re-sequenced and assembled,based on which the genetic diversity was evaluated.Results:Sequence structural comparison shows that CPG is comparatively conserved within species.Phylogenetic analysis indicates that CPG is sufficient for the discrimination of Lycium species;combined with nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer(Nr ITS) sequences,materials with mixed genetic backgrounds can be identified.Nucleotide diversity analysis reveals that the modern cultivars are probably with a common maternal parent,while the wild accessions are with higher level of genetic diversity.Conclusion:For the first time this study reveals the intraspecies genetic diversity of Lycium spp.using CPG,highlighting the urgent conservation demand of wild genetic resources of Lycium.Our study also demonstrates that CPG provides crucial evidence for identification of Lycium species with mixed genetic backgrounds and highlights the importance of the wild relatives in genetic diversity conservation.This CPG-based technology will contribute to the sustainable development of medicinal plants broadly.

关键词： chloroplast genome cultivar food-medicine genetic diversity goji wild relative

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Experimental investigation into the salinity effect on the physicomechanical properties of carbonate saline soil

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第5期16卷 1883-1895页

作者： Jiejie Shen Qing Wang Yating Chen Xuefei Zhang Yan Han Yaowu Liu college of construction Engineering Jilin UniversityChangchun130026China Shandong Zhengyuan Geological Resources Exploration Co.Ltd. Jinan250013China China Renewable Energy Engineering Institute Beijing100120China

For engineering structures with saline soil as a filling material,such as channel slope,road subgrade,etc.,the rich soluble salt in the soil is an important potential factor affecting their safety performance.This study examines the Atterberg limits,shear strength,and compressibility of carbonate saline soil samples with different NaHCO3 contents in Northeast China.The mechanism underlying the influence of salt content on soil macroscopic properties was investigated based on a volumetric flask test,a mercury intrusion porosimetry(MIP)test,and a scanning electron microscopic(SEM)test.The results demonstrated that when NaHCO3 contents were lower than the threshold value of 1.5%,the bound water film adsorbed on the surface of clay particles thickened continuously,and correspondingly,the Atterberg limits and plasticity index increased rapidly as the increase of sodium ion content.Meanwhile,the bonding force between particles was weakened,the dispersion of large aggregates was enhanced,and the soil structure became looser.Macroscopically,the compressibility increased and the shear strength(mainly cohesion)decreased by 28.64%.However,when the NaHCO3 content exceeded the threshold value of 1.5%,the salt gradually approached solubility and filled the pores between particles in the form of crystals,resulting in a decrease in soil porosity.The cementation effect generated by salt crystals increased the bonding force between soil particles,leading to a decrease in plasticity index and an improvement in soil mechanical properties.Moreover,this work provides valuable suggestions and theoretical guidance for the scientific utilization of carbonate saline soil in backfill engineering projects.

关键词： Carbonate saline soil Salt content Physicomechanical properties Bound water Microstructure

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Surface engineering of 1D nanocatalysts for value-added selective electrooxidation of organic chemicals

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1327-1336页

作者： Yongping Yang Chuhao Liu Tinglu Song Mufan Li Zipeng Zhao Beijing Key Laboratory of construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications Experimental Center of Advanced MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences College of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Electrolytic water splitting by renewable energy is a technology with great potential for producing hydrogen(H_(2))without carbon emission,but this technical route is hindered by its huge energy(electricity)cost,which is mainly wasted by the anode oxygen evolution reaction(OER)while the value of the anode product(oxygen)is very limited.Replacing the high-energy-cost OER with a selective organic compound electrooxidation carried out at a relatively lower potential can reduce the electricity cost while producing value-added chemicals.Currently,H_(2) generation coupled with synthesis of value-added organic compounds faces the challenge of low selectivity and slow generation rate of the anodic products.One-dimensional(1D)nanocatalysts with a unique morphology,well-defined active sites,and good electron conductivity have shown excellent performance in many electrocatalytic reactions.The rational design and regulation of 1D nanocatalysts through surface engineering can optimize the adsorption energy of intermediate molecules and improve the selectivity of organic electrooxidation reactions.Herein,we summarized the recent research progress of 1D nanocatalysts applied in different organic electrooxidation reactions and introduced several different fabrication strategies for surface engineering of 1D nanocatalysts.Then,we focused on the relationship between surface engineering and the selectivity of organic electrooxidation reaction products.Finally,future challenges and development prospects of 1D nanocatalysts in the coupled system consisting of organic electrooxidation and hydrogen evolution reactions are briefly outlined.

关键词： hydrogen generation organic compound electrooxidation one-dimensional(1D)nanocatalysts surface engineering selectivity

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Infiltration,runoff,and slope stability behaviors of infinite slope with macropores based on an improved Green–Ampt model

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第7期21卷 2220-2235页

作者： LI Shanghui WU Guoxiong QUE Yun JIANG Zhenliang CHENG Gaoyun college of Intelligent construction Fuzhou University of International Studies and TradeFuzhou 350202China college of Civil Engineering Chongqing Jiao Tong UniversityChongqing 400074China Chongqing Vocational college of Architectural Engineering Chongqing 400072China college of Civil Engineering Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350000China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong 999077China T.Y.Lin International Engineering Consulting(China)Co.Ltd Chongqing 401120China

Infiltration–runoff–slope instability mechanism of macropore slope under heavy rainfall is unclear.This paper studied its instability mechanism with an improved Green–Ampt(GA)model considering the dual-porosity(i.e.,matrix and macropore)and ponding condition,and proposed the infiltration equations,infiltration–runoff coupled model,and safety factor calculation method.Results show that the infiltration processes of macropore slope can be divided into three stages,and the proposed model is rational by a comparative analysis.The wetting front depth of the traditional unsaturated slope is 17.2%larger than that of the macropore slope in the early rainfall stage and 27%smaller than that of the macropore slope in the late rainfall stage.Then,macropores benefit the slope stability in the early rainfall but not in the latter.Macropore flow does not occur initially but becomes pronounced with increasing rainfall duration.The equal depth of the wetting front in the two domains is regarded as the onset criteria of macropore flow.Parameter analysis shows that macropore flow is delayed by increasing proportion of macropore domain(ωf),whereas promoted by increasing ratio of saturated permeability coefficients between the two domains(μ).The increasing trend of ponding depth is sharp at first and then grows slowly.Finally,when rainfall duration is less than 3 h,ωf andμhave no significant effect on the safety factor,whereas it decreases with increasingωf and increases with increasingμunder longer duration(≥3 h).With the increase ofωf,the slope maximum instability time advances by 10.5 h,and with the increase ofμ,the slope maximum instability time delays by 3.1 h.

关键词： Macropore slope Green–Ampt infiltration model Equivalent wetting front Ponding response time Slope stability

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Regulation of interlayer channels of graphene oxide nanosheets in ultra-thin Pebax mixed-matrix membranes for CO_(2) capture

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第3期67卷 257-267页

作者： Feifan Yang Yuanhang Jin Jiangying Liu Haipeng Zhu Rong Xu Fenjuan Xiangli Gongping Liu Wanqin Jin State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology School of Petrochemical EngineeringChangzhou UniversityChangzhou 213164China Shandong Production and Research Long Membrane Technology development Co. Ltd.Yantai Economic Development ZoneYantai 265505China

For the application of carbon capture by membrane process,it is crucial to develop a highly permeable CO_(2)-selective membrane.In this work,we reported an ultra-thin polyether-block-amide(Pebax)mixedmatrix membranes(MMMs)incorporated by graphene oxide(GO),in which the interlayer channels were regulated to optimize the CO_(2)/N_(2) separation performance.Various membrane preparation conditions were systematically investigated on the influence of the membrane structure and separation performance,including the lateral size of GO nanosheets,GO loading,thermal reduction temperature,and time.The results demonstrated that the precisely regulated interlayer channel of GO nanosheets can rapidly provide CO_(2)-selective transport channels due to the synergetic effects of size sieving and preferential adsorption.The GO/Pebax ultra-thin MMMs exhibited CO_(2)/N_(2) selectivity of 72 and CO_(2) permeance of 400 GPU(1 GPU=106 cm^(3)(STP)·cm^(2)·s^(-1)·cmHg^(-1)),providing a promising candidate for CO_(2) capture.

关键词： Mixed-matrix membrane Ultra-thin membrane Pebax Graphene oxide CO_(2) capture

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Effects of the fertilizer and water management on amino acids and volatile components in Cabernet Sauvignon grapes and wines

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第1期17卷 69-79页

作者： Kui Zhang Wenhuai Kang Weihua Han Haijun Ma Daozhi Gong Ling Qin college of Food Science and Biology Hebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang 050018China Institute of Environment and Sustainable development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China college of Biological Science and Engineering North Minzu UniversityYinchuan 750021China

The amino acids and the volatile substances in grapes and wines play important roles in their quality,and the concentrations of these substances can be changed by how a vineyard is managed,e.g.,irrigation and fertigation regimes.This study aimed to evaluate the effect of fertilizer and water management on the distribution of amino acids,the volatile component profiles,and the sensory characteristics of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes and wines.The results showed that the amino acid concentration in grape berries was the highest under the 100%local fertilizer rate(HF)and 100%water irrigation quota(HW)treatment,and the volatile component concentration in wine was the highest under HF and 80%water irrigation quota(MW)treatment.The effect of irrigation on the amino acid content in grapes was greater than that of fertigation.The synergistic effect of fertilizer and water on arginine,serine,and glutamine in grape berries was significant.The interactive effect of fertigation and irrigation on the volatile substance in grapes was greater than that of fertigation and irrigation alone.The influence of irrigation on volatile substances in wines was greater than that of fertigation.In addition,there was also a correlation between the concentrations of multiple amino acids in grapes and volatile components in wines.Principal component analysis showed that the wine from the HFMW treatment had the best quality among all treatments.

关键词： fertilizer and water management grape ine amino acids volatile components

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