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Effects of plant diversity on greenhouse gas emissions in microcosms simulating vertical constructed wetlands with high ammonium loading

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2019年第3期31卷 229-237页

作者： Wenjuan Han Guiying Luo Bin Luo Chenchen Yu Hai Wang Jie Chang Ying Ge college of life sciences Zhejiang University College of Chemistry and Life Sciences Zhejiang Normal University college of life sciences Shaoxing University

Wastewater with relatively high nitrogen concentrations is a major source of nitrous oxide(N_2O) and methane(CH_4) emissions and exerts multiple stresses on the environment.Studies have shown that plant diversity plays an important role in ecosystem functioning.However, the effects of plant species diversity on CH_4 and N_2O emissions under high ammonium(NH_4^+-N) loading rates remain unclear. In this study, a microcosm experiment simulating vertical constructed wetlands supplied with high NH_4^+-N water levels was established. The treatments included four species richness levels(1, 2, 3, 4) and 15 species compositions. There was no significant relationship between species richness and N_2O emissions. However, N_2O emissions were significantly reduced by specific plant species composition. Notably, the communities with the presence of Rumex japonicus L. reduced N_2O emissions by 62% compared to communities without this species. This reduction in N_2O emissions may have been a result of decreased N concentrations and increased plant biomass. CH_4 emissions did not respond to plant species richness or species identity.Overall, plant species identity surpassed species richness in lowering N_2O emissions from constructed wetlands with high NH_4^+-N water. The results also suggest that communities with R. japonicus could achieve higher N removal and lower greenhouse gas emissions than other wetland species.

关键词： Plant species richness Species identity Methane Nitrous oxide Nitrogen removal Ecosystem functioning

Design and synthesis of Fe-Ce-O@C with efficient photocatalytic activity

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第1期41卷 91-99页

作者： Zhonglian Xiao Xuanyi Wu Heyun Tan Shiyou Hao Xingzhi college College of Chemistry and Life SciencesZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China

Fe-Ce-OH@AR14 was obtained via the adsorption of acid red 14(AR14) on Fe-Ce-OH prepared by the codeposition of cerium nitrate hexahydrate,ferric nitrate nonahydrate,and ammonia,and then Fe-Ce-O@C with high photocatalyic efficiency was synthesized by the calcination of Fe-Ce-OH@AR14 in N_(2).For comparison,Fe-Ce-O was also prepared by the calcination of Fe-Ce-OH in N_(2).The obtained materials were characte rized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),Raman,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),scanning electron miscroscopy(SEM),photoluminescence(PL),ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(UV-vis) techniques and the results show that the band gap of CeO_(2) can be greatly reduced by doping of Fe^(3+),and that loading carbon from the decomposition of AR14 can prolong carrier life,improve the intensity of visible light absorption,and enhance the concentration of oxygen vacancies.The photocatalytic results using AR14 as probe molecule illustrate that using 1% ferric nitrate nonahydrate(the mass percentage of ferric nitrate nonahydrate to cerium nitrate hexahydrate) as dopant and 25 mL of 0.01 mmol/L AR14 as loading carbon resource is helpful for the photocatalytic efficiency of CeO_(2).

关键词： Fe-Ce-O@C Acid red 14 Carbon source Doping Photocatalysis Rare earths

Spatially mapping the diffusivity of proteins in live cells based on cumulative area analysis

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Science China chemistry 2023年第11期66卷 3307-3313页

作者： Huihui Gao Chu Han Limin Xiang college of chemistry and Molecular sciences&Taikang Center for life and Medical sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

Molecular motion provides a way for biomolecules to mix and interact in living systems.Quantifying their motion is critical to the understanding of how biomolecules perform its function.However,it has been a challenged task to spatially map the fast diffusion of unbound proteins in the heterogenous intracellular environment.Here we reported a new imaging technique named cumulative area based on single-molecule diffusivity mapping(CA-SMdM).The strategy is based on the comparison of singlemolecule images between a shorter and longer exposure time.With longer exposure time,molecules will travel further,thus giving more blurred single-molecule images,hence implying its local diffusion rates.We validated our technique through measuring the fast diffusion rates(10–40μm~2/s)of fluorescent dye in glycerol-water mixture,and found the values fit well with Stokes-Einstein equation.We further showed that the spatially mapping of diffusivity in live cells is plausible through CA-SMdM,and it faithfully reported the local diffusivity heterogeneity in cytosol and nucleus.CA-SMdM provides an efficient way to mapping the local molecular motion,and therefore will have profound applications in probing the biomolecular interactions for living systems.

关键词： single molecule diffusivity cumulative area single-molecule diffusivity mapping

RNA Imaging in Live Cells

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Chinese Journal of chemistry 2023年第19期41卷 2531-2535页

作者： Jingfang Zhao Limin Xiang college of chemistry and Molecular sciences&TaiKang Center for life and Medical sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei430072 China

Traditional molecular biology tools have elucidated the identities and functions of RNA molecules,which are essential to the understanding of gene transcription and protein translation.Deepening this research field would further require the direct visualization of RNA dynamics such as the DNA-RNA interactions and RNA-protein interactions.Towards this goal,the rise of RNA imaging tools over the past 15 years has reformed how we looked at these processes.In this Emerging Topic,we first highlighted recent advances on three main RNA imaging tools based on the species of interacting molecules:RNA-RNA pairing,RNA-protein binding,and small molecule-RNA complex.We introduced the advantages of these tools from a technical viewpoint,including binding affinity,fluorescent turn-on ratio,stability,and impacts on targeted RNA.Next,we discussed new rising opportunities and future directions,echoing the state-of-the-art imaging tools in the fields of fluorescent proteins and small fluorescent molecules.Together,we believe this emerging field will bring new insights on how we study RNA biology in living systems.

关键词： Fluorescent imaging RNA imaging Fluorogenic RNA RNA Fluorescent probes RNA recognition

Microglial response to aging and neuroinflammation in the development of neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1241-1248页

作者： Tingting Han Yuxiang Xu Lin Sun Makoto Hashimoto Jianshe Wei Institute for Brain sciences Research School of Life Sciences Henan University college of chemistry and Molecular sciences Henan University Department of Basic Technology Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science

Cellular senescence and chronic inflammation in response to aging are considered to be indicators of brain aging; they have a great impact on the aging process and are the main risk factors for neurodegeneration. Reviewing the microglial response to aging and neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases will help understand the importance of microglia in neurodegenerative diseases. This review describes the origin and function of microglia and focuses on the role of different states of the microglial response to aging and chronic inflammation on the occurrence and development of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s chorea, and Parkinson’s disease. This review also describes the potential benefits of treating neurodegenerative diseases by modulating changes in microglial states. Therefore, inducing a shift from the neurotoxic to neuroprotective microglial state in neurodegenerative diseases induced by aging and chronic inflammation holds promise for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases in the future.

关键词： aging Alzheimer’s disease cytokines Huntington’s disease microglia neurodegenerative diseases neuroinflammation neuroprotection neurotoxicity Parkinson’s disease

Spectroscopic Properties of Methyl Ketone Bridged Electrochromic Materials: a Quantum Chemical and Experimental Study

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Chinese Journal of Structural chemistry 2019年第4期38卷 489-498页

作者：郑文轩王德利张宇模 Department of chemistry and Pharmacy Zhuhai College of Jilin University college of chemistry Jilin University college of life sciences Jilin University

Tuning accurately the color of electrochromic materials has been considered as a crucial step to achieve successful electrochromic display. In this paper, the effect of substitution on the color of methyl ketone bridged electrochromic materials has been investigated systematically by experimental and TDDFT methods. By screening 15 functional and 11 basis sets, a statistical method based on M052 X data is developed to estimate the maximum absorption wavelengths(λ_(max)) of electrochromic materials, based on analyzing λ_(max) of 18 molecules. For methyl ketone bridged electrochromic materials, the color from yellow to green and λ_(max) from 400 to 690 nm can be adjusted by electron-withdrawing functional group on Ar2 and electron-donating functional group on Ar1. This work not only exhibits the suitable method to predict the maximum absorption wavelength and color of electrochromic materials, but also inspires and accelerates further development of electrochromic materials for future displays.

关键词： electrochromic materials electrobase electroacid methyl ketone DFT

The Endosperm-Specific Expression of YUCCA Genes Enhances Rice Grain Filling

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第12期91卷 2633-2648页

作者： Huijun Jiang Kaien Zhai Xiaofan Ye Tianwei Hu Jieming Jiang Xiaoqiu Dong Weihuai Pan Jianwei Pan Jianxin Shou college of life sciences Shaoxing UniversityShaoxing312000China College of Chemistry and Life Sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua321004China School of life sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China School of life Science South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou510631China

Grain filling is a crucial process that affects yield in rice(Oryza sativa L.).Auxin biosynthesis and signaling are closely related to rice yield;therefore,it is important to understand the effects of auxin biosynthesis on rice grain filling to improve crop yield.In this study,we used physiological and molecular strategies to identify the roles of auxin in rice grain filling.Exogenous application of auxin(IAA)or auxin analogues(2,4-D)to young spikelets and flag leaves improved the seed-setting rate and yield per spike.Furthermore,real-time quantitative PCR assays confirmed that nine members of the OsYUCCA family of auxin biosynthetic genes were upregulated during grain filling,implication that auxin biosynthesis plays a major role in grain development.The specific expression of either Arabidopsis AtYUCCA1 or OsYUCCA2 in the endosperm or leaves resulted in increased expression of OsIAA genes and auxin content of seeds,as well as increased grain filling and seed-setting rate.This result establishes that the auxin content in grains and leaves is important for grain development.Our findings further highlight the potential applications for improving rice yield by elevating targeted gene expression in specific tissues.

关键词： Auxin content grain filling IAA biosynthesis rice seed-setting rate YUCCA genes

Regulation of P450 TleB catalytic flow for the synthesis of sulfur-containing indole alkaloids by substrate structure-directed strategy and protein engineering

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Science China chemistry 2023年第11期66卷 3232-3241页

作者： Xinying Ge Yan Long Jun Wang Bo Gu Zixuan Yang Yinyin Feng Shuo Zheng Yingying Li Wupeng Yan Heng Song college of chemistry and Molecular sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China School of life sciences and Biotechnology Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Indole alkaloids have attracted considerable attention from synthetic chemists and biochemists for their structural diversity and important biological activities.Compared with traditional organic synthesis methods,the strategy of using cytochrome P450s'extraordinary abilities to selectively activate carbon-hydrogen bonds to assist in the synthesis of various indole alkaloids has the characteristics of short synthetic route,mild conditions and high atomic economy.Here,we utilized P450 monooxygenases HinD and TleB to synthesize a novel 6/5/8 tricyclic product from(S)-N-((S)-1-(4-fluoro-1H-indol-3-yl)-3-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2-mercapto-3-methylbutanamide through the substrate structure-directed strategy.TleB was more effective in catalyzing C–S coupling,and was used to synthesize a series of 6/5/8 tricyclic indololactam derivatives to provide drug candidates.Interestingly,the S–S coupling product was observed in HinD catalysis,which was a minor product in the wild-type TleB catalysis.With the help of protein engineering,we accurately regulated the catalytic flow and reversed the selectivity of TleB to obtain the S–S coupling product.At the same time,the reaction mechanism was reasonably speculated by means of site blocking and protein-substrate complex analysis.

关键词： substrate structure-directed strategy P450s coupling reaction thioindole alkaloids

In situ growth of phosphorized ZIF-67-derived amorphous CoP/Cu_(2)O@CF electrocatalyst for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023年第10期17卷 1430-1439页

作者： Ruiwen Qi Xiao Liu Hongkai Bu Xueqing Niu Xiaoyang Ji Junwei Ma Hongtao Gao Key Laboratory of Optic-Electric Sensing and Analytical chemistry for life sciences MOECollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringQingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042China

Transition metal phosphides have been extensively studied for catalytic applications in water splitting.Herein,we report an in situ phosphorization of zeolitic imidazole frameworks(ZIF-67)to generate amorphous cobalt phosphide/ZIF-67 heterojunction on a self-supporting copper foam(CF)substrate with excellent performance for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).The needleleaf like copper hydroxide was anchored on CF surface,which acted as implantation to grow ZIF-67.The intermediate product was phosphorized to obtain final electrocatalyst(CoP/Cu_(2)O@CF)with uniform particle size,exhibiting a rhombic dodecahedron structure with wrinkles on the surface.The electrochemical measurement proved that CoP/Cu_(2)O@CF catalyst exhibited excellent HER activity and long-term stability in 1.0 mol·L^(–1)KOH solution.The overpotential was only 62 mV with the Tafel slope of 83 mV·dec^(–1)at a current density of 10 mA·cm^(–2),with a large electrochemical active surface area.It also showed competitive performance at large current which indicated the potential application to industrial water electrolysis to produce hydrogen.First-principle calculations illustrated that benefit from the construction of CoP/ZIF-67 heterojunction,the d-band center of CoP downshifted after bonding with ZIF-67 and the Gibbs free energy(ΔGH*)changed from–0.18 to–0.11 eV,confirming both decrease in overpotential and excellent HER activity.This work illustrates the efficient HER activity of CoP/Cu_(2)O@CF catalyst,which will act as a potential candidate for precious metal electrocatalysts.

关键词： CoP/Cu_(2)O@CF electrocatalyst phosphorization HER DFT