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A dynamic regulation of nitrogen on floret primordia development in wheat

The Crop Journal 2024年第1期12卷 271-280页

作者： Zhen Zhang Yujing Li Yuxun Wu Xiaoyu Zheng Xiaolei Guo Wan Sun Zhencai Sun Zhimin Wang Yinghua Zhang college of Agronomy and biotechnology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China college of biological sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Engineering Technology Research Center for Agriculture in Low Plain Areas Cangzhou 061800HebeiChina

Nitrogen(N)fertilization is critical for spike and floret development,which affects the number of fertile florets per spike(NFFs).However,the physiological regulation of the floret development process by N fertilization is largely unknown.A high temporal-resolution investigation of floret primordia number and morphology,dry matter,and N availability was conducted under three N fertilization levels:0(N0),120(N1)and 240(N2)kg ha^(−1).Interestingly,fertile florets at anthesis stage were determined by those floret primordia with meiotic ability at booting stage:meiotic ability was a threshold that predicted whether a floret primordium became fertile or abortive *** the developmental rate of the 4th floret primordium in the central spikelet was accelerated and then they acquired meiotic ability,the NFFs increased gradually as N application increased,but the increase range decreased under *** were no differences in spike N concentration among treatments,but leaf N concentration was increased in the N1 and N2 ***,dry matter accumulation and N content of the leaf and spike in the N1 and N2 treatments was increased as compared to ***,optimal N fertilization increased leaf N availability and transport of assimilates to spikes,and allowed more floret primordia to acquire meiotic ability and become fertile florets,finally increasing *** was no difference in leaf N concentration between N1 and N2 treatment,whereas soil N concentration at 0–60 cm soil layers was higher in N2 than in N1 treatment,implying that there was still some N fertilization that remained ***,improving the leaf’s ability to further use N fertilizer is vital for greater NFFs.

关键词： Fertile florets Floret primordia Grain number Meiotic ability Morphological development

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Metabolic relationships between marine red algae and algae‑associated bacteria

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第2期6卷 298-314页

作者： Kyung Hyun Kim Jeong Min Kim Ju Hye Baek Sang Eun Jeong Hocheol Kim Hwan Su Yoon Che Ok Jeon Department of biological sciences and biotechnology Hannam UniversityDaejon 34054Republic of Korea Department of Life Science Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06974Republic of Korea Department of biological sciences Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea

Mutualistic interactions between marine phototrophs and associated bacteria are an important strategy for their success-ful survival in the ocean,but little is known about their metabolic ***,bacterial communities in the algal sphere(AS)and bulk solution(BS)of nine marine red algal cultures were analyzed,and Roseibium and Phycisphaera were identified significantly more abundantly in AS than in *** metabolic features of Roseibium RMAR6-6(isolated and genome-sequenced),Phycisphaera MAG 12(obtained by metagenomic sequencing),and a marine red alga,Porphyridium purpureum CCMP1328(from GenBank),were analyzed ***6-6 has the genetic capability to fix nitrogen and produce B vitamins(B1,B2,B5,B6,B9,and B12),bacterioferritin,dimethylsulfoniopropionate(DMSP),and phenylacetate that may enhance algal growth,whereas MAG 12 may have a limited metabolic capability,not producing vitamins B9 and B12,DMSP,phenylacetate,and siderophores,but with the ability to produce bacitracin,possibly modulating algal *** CCMP1328 lacks the genetic capability to fix nitrogen and produce vitamin B12,DMSP,phenylacetate,and *** was shown that the nitrogen-fixing ability of RMAR6-6 promoted the growth of ***-pureum,and DMSP reduced the oxidative stress of *** metabolic interactions between strain RMAR6-6 and *** CCMP1328 were also investigated by the transcriptomic analyses of their monoculture and *** together,potential metabolic relationships between Roseibium and *** were *** study provides a bet-ter understanding of the metabolic relationships between marine algae and algae-associated bacteria for successful growth.

关键词： Metabolic relationship Marine red algae Symbiotic bacteria Roseibium Phycisphaera Porphyridium

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Taxonomic dependency and spatial heterogeneity in assembly mechanisms of bacteria across complex coastal waters

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 80-97页

作者： Huizhen Yan Dandan Lin Gaoke Gu Yujie Huang Xuya Hu Zhenhao Yu Dandi Hou Demin Zhang Barbara J.Campbell Kai Wang State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products School of Marine SciencesNingbo University Key Laboratory of Marine biotechnology of Zhejiang Province School of Marine Sciences Ningbo University Department of biological sciences Clemson University

Background Understanding community assembly mechanisms across taxa and space is fundamental for microbial ecology. However, the variability and determinants of assembly processes over taxa and space remain unclear. Here, we investigated taxonomic dependency and spatial heterogeneity in bacterial assembly mechanisms across coastal waters in the East China Sea using neutral and null models with customized visualization *** Overall, bacterial assembly mechanisms varied across broad taxonomic groups(phyla and proteobacterial classes) and space at the regional scale. A determinism–stochasticity balanced mechanism governed total bacterial assembly, while taxonomic dependency existed in assembly mechanisms and ecological processes. Among community ecological features, niche breadth and negative-to-positive cohesion ratio were strongly associated with the determinism-to-stochasticity ratio of bacterial groups. Bacterial assembly mechanisms commonly exhibited spatial heterogeneity, the extent and determinants of which varied across taxonomic groups. Spatial assembly of total bacteria was directly driven by many environmental factors and potential interactions between taxa, but not directly by geographic factors. Overall, the bacterial groups with higher spatial heterogeneity in assembly mechanisms were more related to environmental and/or geographic factors(except Bacteroidetes), while those with lower heterogeneity were more related to ecological *** Our results confirm the pervasiveness of taxonomic dependency and spatial heterogeneity in bacterial assembly, providing a finer understanding about regulation across complex coastal waters.

关键词： Bacterioplankton Assembly mechanism Niche breadth Null model Environmental gradient Biogeography

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Modeling the distribution of Aloe ankoberensis and A. debrana under different climate change scenarios in North Shewa Zone, Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia

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Ecological Processes 2024年第2期 260-278页

作者： Haile Abebe Anteneh Belayneh Desta Sintayehu Workneh Dejene Africa Center of Excellence in Climate Smart Agriculture and Biodiversity Conservation Haramaya University School of biological sciences and biotechnology College of Natural and Computational SciencesHaramaya University

Background Aloe ankoberensis M.G. Gilbert & Sebsebe and A. debrana Christian are Ethiopian endemic species currently classified as endangered and least concern, respectively under International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN) categories. Recent studies indicate that climate change is anticipated to significantly influence the distribution of plant species. Therefore, this study aimed to model the distribution of A. ankoberensis and A. debrana under different climate change scenarios in the North Shewa Zone, Amhara National Regional State of Ethiopia. Thirty-six and 397 georeferenced presence points for A. ankoberensis and A. debrana, respectively, and 12 environmental variables were used to simulate their current and future distributions. The ensemble model approach was used to examine the current and future(2050 and 2070) climatic suitability for both species under three shared socio-economic pathway(SSP) climate scenarios(SSP 2.6, 4.5 and 8.5).Results The performance of ensemble model was excellent for A. ankoberensis with score of area under curve(AUC) 0.96 and true skill statistics(TSS) 0.88, and good for A. debrana with score of AUC 0.87 and TSS 0.63. The main variables that affected the species' distributions were mean diurnal range of temperature, annual precipitation, and elevation. According to the model, under the current climate conditions, 98.32%, 1.01%, 0.52%, and 0.15% were not suitable, lowly, moderately, and highly suitable areas, respectively for A. ankoberensis, and 63.89%, 23.35%, 12.54%, and 0.21% were not suitable, lowly, moderately and highly suitable areas, respectively for A. debrana. Under future climate scenarios, suitable habitats of these species could shrink. In addition, under all climate change scenarios, it is anticipated that highly suitable areas for both species and moderately suitable areas for A. ankoberensis will be lost completely in the future unless crucial interventions are done on *** The results indicat

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Immunoglobulin superfamily containing leucine-rich repeat(ISLR)negatively regulates osteogenic differentiation through the BMP-Smad signaling pathway

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 138-140页

作者： Lei Xiong Miaomiao Lan Chang Liu Lei Li YingYing Yu Tongtong Wang Fan Liu Kun Wang Jin Liu Qingyong Meng State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100094China

Osteoporosis(OP)is an aging-associated condition that significantly affects the quality of life in aging humans and has few treatment *** an important marker,recombinant immunoglobulin superfamily containing leucinerich repeat(ISLR)could be used as a gene therapy for *** herein used alkaline phosphatase(ALP)and alizarin red S(ARS)staining to evaluate osteogenic differentiation potential.

关键词： Immunoglobulin alkaline herein

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Higher levels of the lipophilic antioxidants coenzyme Q_(10) and vitamin E in long-lived termite queens than in short-lived workers

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Insect Science 2024年第1期31卷 201-210页

作者： Eisuke Tasaki Yorihiro Yamamoto Yoshihito Iuchi Department of biological Chemistry Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for InnovationYamaguchi UniversityYamaguchiJapan School of Bioscience and biotechnology Tokyo University of TechnologyHachiojiTokyoJapan

Termite queens and kings live longer than nonreproductive *** molecular mechanisms contributing to their long lifespan have been investigated;however,the underlying biochemical explanation remains *** Q(CoQ),a component of the mitochondrial electron transport chain,plays an essential role in the lipophilic antioxidant defense *** beneficial effects on health and longevity have been well studied in several ***,we demonstrated that long-lived termite queens have significantly higher levels of the lipophilic antioxidant CoQ_(10) than *** chromatography analysis revealed that the levels of the reduced form of CoQ_(10) were 4 fold higher in the queen's body than in the worker's *** addition,queens showed 7 fold higher levels of vitamin E,which plays a role in antilipid peroxidation along with CoQ,than ***,the oral administration of CoQ_(10) to termites increased the CoQ_(10) redox state in the body and their survival rate under oxidative *** findings suggest that CoQ_(10) acts as an efficient lipophilic antioxidant along with vitamin E in long-lived termite *** study provides essential biochemical and evolutionary insights into the relationship between CoQ_(10) concentrations and termite lifespan extension.

关键词： antioxidant defense system coenzyme Q termite queens vitamin E

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Carrimycin inhibits coronavirus replication by decreasing the efficiency of programmed–1 ribosomal frameshifting through directly binding to the RNA pseudoknot of viral frameshift-stimulatory element

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第6期14卷 2567-2580页

作者： Hongying Li Jianrui Li Jiayu Li Hu Li Xuekai Wang Jing Jiang Lei Lei Han Sun Mei Tang Biao Dong Weiqing He Shuyi Si Bin Hong Yinghong Li Danqing Song Zonggen Peng Yongsheng Che Jian-Dong Jiang CAMS Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drug Research Institute of Medicinal BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050China Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents Institute of Medicinal BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050China Key Laboratory of biotechnology of Antibiotics the National Health and Family Planning Commission(NHFPC)Institute of Medicinal BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050China

The pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 worldwide with successive emerging variants urgently calls for small-molecule oral drugs with broad-spectrum antiviral ***,we show that carrimycin,a new macrolide antibiotic in the clinic and an antiviral candidate for SARS-CoV-2 in phase III trials,decreases the efficiency of programmed–1 ribosomal frameshifting of coronaviruses and thus impedes viral replication in a broad-spectrum *** binds directly to the coronaviral frameshift-stimulatory element(FSE)RNA pseudoknot,interrupting the viral protein translation switch from ORF1a to ORF1b and thereby reducing the level of the core components of the viral replication and transcription *** carrimycin with known viral replicase inhibitors yielded a synergistic inhibitory effect on *** the FSE mechanism is essential in all coronaviruses,carrimycin could be a new broad-spectrum antiviral drug for human coronaviruses by directly targeting the conserved coronaviral FSE *** finding may open a new direction in antiviral drug discovery for coronavirus variants.

关键词： Carrimycin Coronavirus Broad-spectrum antiviral activity Programmed-1 ribosomal frameshifting RNA pseudoknot Antiviral agent RNA target Synergistic inhibitory effect

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Differences in leaf cuticular wax induced by whole-genome duplication in autotetraploid sour jujube

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第1期10卷 66-76页

作者： Meng Li Chenxing Zhang Lu Hou Xinru Liu Hanqing Zhao Xiaoming Pang Wenhao Bo Yingyue Li National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration College of Biological Sciences and TechnologyBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants Ministry of EducationCollege of Biological Sciences and TechnologyBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

Drought-resistant plants exhibit strong water retention *** this regard,the autotetraploid sour jujube leaves exhibit better water retention than diploid *** comparisons and physiological comparisons of diploid and autotetraploid leaves showed that the autotetraploid leaves had thicker leaf cuticles and more leaf wax accumulation than the diploid leaves,which could reduce cuticle permeability and improve the drought tolerance of *** this study,the cuticular wax crystalloids on the adaxial and abaxial sides of young and mature jujube leaves were observed in the two ploidy types,and unique cuticular wax crystalloids covering a large area of the cuticle on autotetraploid sour jujube leaves may provide an advantage in reducing leaf non-stomata transpiration and improving plant drought *** on the transcriptome,115 differentially expressed genes between diploids and autotetraploids were further analyzed and found to be involved in the accumulation of cuticular wax components,including terpenoids,fatty acids,and lipids,as well as ABC transporter and wax biosynthetic ***,14 genes differentially expressed between glossy autotetraploid leaves and nonglossy diploid leaves,such as LOC107414787,LOC107411574 and LOC107413721,were screened as candidate genes by qRT-PCR *** findings provided insights into how polyploidization improved drought tolerance.

关键词： Autotetraploid Jujube Drought tolerance Cuticular wax RNA-seq

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SCAB1 coordinates sequential Ca^(2+) and ABA signals during osmotic stress induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis

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Science China(Life sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 1-18页

作者： Tianren Zhang Li Bai Yan Guo State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Hyperosmotic stress caused by drought is a detrimental threat to plant growth and agricultural productivity due to limited water *** are gateways of transpiration and gas exchange,the swift adjustment of stomatal aperture has a strong influence on plant drought *** intensive investigations of stomatal closure during drought stress in past decades,little is known about how sequential signals are integrated during complete ***,we discovered that the rapid Ca^(2+) signaling and subsequent abscisic acid(ABA)signaling contribute to the kinetics of both F-actin reorganizations and stomatal closure in Arabidopsis thaliana,while STOMATAL CLOSURE-RELATED ACTIN BINDING PROTEIN1(SCAB1)is the molecular switch for this entire *** the early stage of osmotic shock responses,swift elevated calcium signaling promotes SCAB1 phosphorylation through calcium sensors CALCIUM DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE3(CPK3)and *** phosphorylation restrained the microfilament binding affinity of SCAB1,which bring about the Factin disassembly and stomatal closure *** the osmotic stress signal continued,both the kinase activity of CPK3 and the phosphorylation level of SCAB1 attenuated *** further found that ABA signaling is indispensable for these attenuations,which presumably contributed to the actin filament reassembly process as well as completion of stomatal ***,the dynamic changes of SCAB1 phosphorylation status are crucial for the kinetics of stomatal *** together,our results support a model in which SCAB1 works as a molecular switch,and directs the microfilament rearrangement through integrating the sequentially generated Ca^(2+) and ABA signals during osmotic stress induced stomatal closure.

关键词： calcium signal ABA stomatal movement microfilaments kinase

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Combined proteomic and metabolomic studies on the liver of Amur sturgeon Acipenser schrenckii under titanium dioxide nanoparticle exposure

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第3期42卷 1001-1015页

作者： Zhou ZHOU Ting LIU Jie KONG Zhenxing ZHAO Junquan ZHU Key Laboratory of Aquacultural biotechnology Ministry of Educationand Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang ProvinceCollege of Marine SciencesNingbo UniversityNingbo 315000China Guizhou Fisheries Research Institute Guizhou Academy of Agriculture SciencesGuiyang 550000China

Nanomaterials,particularly titanium dioxide nanoparticles(TiO_(2)-NPs),are extensively utilized across various ***,their environmental release has raised concerns regarding their potential ecological and environmental *** reproductive toxicity of TiO_(2)-NPs in fish species has attracted considerable attention,yet conflicting research outcomes have been *** investigated the effects of TiO_(2)-NPs exposure on the liver of juvenile Amur sturgeon Acipenser schrenckii using label-free proteomic and untargeted metabolomic *** experiment included a control group and three groups exposed to different concentrations of TiO_(2)-NPs(low,TL;medium,TM;high,TH).Compared to the control group,9,19,and 25 proteins and 35,73,and 158 metabolites were differentially expressed in the TH,TM,and TL TiO_(2)-NP-exposed groups,*** differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were enriched in the Kyoto Encyclopedia for Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathways related to glycolysis and ***,among the 126 correlated proteins,the most enriched pathways were associated with endocytosis and protein processing in the endoplasmic ***,syringic acid was significantly downregulated across all three TiO_(2)-NP-exposed *** obtain a comprehensive overview of the TiO_(2)-NP-induced expression changes,a co-regulated network of proteins and metabolites associated with TiO_(2)-NPs exposure was *** to TiO_(2)-NPs led to enrichment and alteration of pathways related to immune responses,including endocytosis,protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum,and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor(PPAR)*** conclusion,our findings indicate that exposure to TiO_(2)-NPs might disrupt glucose metabolism and induce immune responses,thus contributing to our understanding of the environmental impacts of nanomaterials and highlighting the need for further research and development of potential mitigation strategies.

关键词： TiO_(2)-nanoparticle exposure proteomics metabolomics glucose metabolism immune response

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