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Temporal shifts in the explanatory power and relative importance of litter traits in regulating litter decomposition

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第6期9卷 755-763页

作者： Zhaolin Sun Peng Tian Xuechao Zhao Yanping Wang Shunzhong Wang Xiangmin Fang Qingkui Wang Shengen Liu School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei230036China Huitong Experimental Station of Forest Ecology CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and ManagementInstitute of Applied EcologyShenyang110016China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing100049China college of Forestry Taishan Forest Ecosystem Research StationShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'an271018China Institute of Botany The Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China college of Forestry Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang330032China college of biological and Pharmaceutical sciences China Three Gorges UniversityYichang443000China

Background:Litter traits critically affect litter decomposition from local to global ***,our understanding of the temporal dynamics of litter trait-decomposition linkages,especially their dependence on plant functional type remains ***:We decomposed the leaf litter of 203 tree species that belong to two different functional types(deciduous and evergreen)for 2 years in a subtropical forest in *** Weibull residence model was used to describe the different stages of litter decomposition by calculating the time to 10%,25%and 50%mass loss(Weibull t_(1/10),t_(1/4),and t_(1/2)respectively)and litter mean residence time(Weibull MRT).The resulting model parameters were used to explore the control of litter traits(e.g.,N,P,condensed tannins and tensile strength)over leaf litter decomposition across different decomposition ***:The litter traits we measured had lower explanatory power for the early stages(Weibull t_(1/10)and t_(1/4))than for the later stages(Weibull t_(1/2)and MRT)of *** relative importance of different types of litter traits in influencing decomposition changed dramatically during decomposition,with physical traits exerting predominant control for the stages of Weibull t_(1/10)and MRT and nutrient-related traits for the stages of Weibull t_(1/4),and t_(1/2).Moreover,we found that litter decomposition of the early three stages(Weibull t_(1/10),t_(1/4),and t_(1/2))of the two functional types was controlled by different types of litter traits;that is,the litter decomposition rates of deciduous species were predominately controlled by nutrient-related traits,while the litter decomposition rates of evergreen species were mainly controlled by carbon-related ***:This study suggests that litter trait-decomposition linkages vary with decomposition stages and are strongly mediated by plant functional type,highlighting the necessity to consider their temporal dynamics and plant functional types for impr

关键词： Decomposition model Decomposition stage Litter decay Litter physical traits Litter quality Plant functional type

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Expression and Purification of Serine/Arginine-Rich Splicing Factor 1 from Escherichia coli Expression System

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Journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 2022年第5期39卷 441-445页

作者：张敏敏张云龙陈婷陆昌瑞 college of biological Science and Medical Engineering Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620China

Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1(SRSF1), as a prototype member of the highly conserved serine/arginine family of RNA binding proteins, plays an important role in mRNA alternative splicing, stabilization, nuclear export, and translation. Here, the expression system was established to purify full-length human SRSF1 from Escherichia coli(E. coli). The SRSF1 coding sequence was amplified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and inserted into the pET-28 a-ppSUMO vector with His-tag to construct a recombinant plasmid His-SUMO-SRSF1. Then the plasmid was transformed into BL21(DE3) competent cells for expression. After purification by affinity chromatography and cleavage of His-SUMO moiety, a highly purified SRSF1 with a molecular weight of around 28 kg/mol was obtained. The protein was analyzed by sizing chromatography and it was found that SRSF1 would form a polymer structure in the solution. According to Expasy bioinformatics analysis, SRSF1 is extremely unstable. Purification of full-length SRSF1 protein provides an opportunity to study mRNA splicing in vitro.

关键词： protein purification serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1(SRSF1) SUMO SUMO protease bioinformatics chromatography

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Amphibians and Reptiles of Luzon Island, Philippines: the Herpetofauna of Pantabangan-Carranglan Watershed, Nueva Ecija Province, Caraballo Mountain Range

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Asian Herpetological Research 2018年第4期9卷 201-223页

作者： Paul Henric P. GOJO CRUZ Leticia E.AFUANG Juan Carlos T. GONZALEZ William SM.GRUEZO Faculty Department of Biological Sciences College of Arts and Sciences Central Luzon State University Faculty Animal Biology Division Institute of Biological Sciences College of Arts and Sciences University of the Philippines Los Ba?os Adjunct Faculty Graduate School University of the Philippines Los Ba?os

We present detailed species accounts for fifty-nine(59) species of amphibians and reptiles(17 frogs, 14 skinks, 3 agamids, 6 gekkonid lizards, 2 varanids, and 17 snakes) from Pantabangan-Carranglan Watershed, which lies within the Caraballo Mountain Range, whose biota is poorly-known. This was also the first extensive survey of herpetofauna within the watershed. Together with data from previous literature reviews, our records bring the total number of species of amphibians and reptiles for the Caraballo Mountain Range to 66. Forty-two(42) species from the area were Philippine endemics, with 25 species recorded only from Luzon faunal region. Seven species of herpetofauna are associated with unresolved taxonomic issues(new species and species complexes needing taxonomic partitioning, e.g. splitting of species groups). Two species recorded from the area were rarely represented in museum collections. Major distributional and elevational range extensions were recorded for several species. Comparison with Luzon’s other mountain ranges showed that the Caraballo Mountain Range is similar, in terms of species composition, to the northern Sierra Madre and Cordillera Mountain Ranges. The result of this survey showed the Caraballo Mountain Range and its mountains as a possible new center of herpetofaunal diversity and endemicity within Luzon. The importance of the Caraballo Mountain Range as an important biogeographic link merits further study.

关键词： Caraballo mountain range diversity ecology habitat herpetofauna

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Combinatorial metabolic engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for improved production of 7-dehydrocholesterol

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Engineering Microbiology 2023年第4期3卷 29-37页

作者： Yuehao Gu Shuhui Chen Xue Jiao Qi Bian Lidan Ye Hongwei Yu Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering(Education Ministry) College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Institute of Bioengineering College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

7-Dehydrocholesterol(7-DHC),a key pharmaceutical intermediate in the production of vitamin D3,has a wide range of *** explore fermentative synthesis of 7-DHC,a 7-DHC-producing Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain was constructed by blocking the competitive pathway,eliminating rate-limiting steps,altering global reg-ulation,and pathway *** blocking the competitive pathway by disrupting ERG5 and ERG6 and introducing DHCR24 from Gallus gallus,*** produced 139.72 mg/L(17.04 mg/g dry cell weight,hereafter abbreviated as DCW)*** alteration of global regulation by deleting ROX1 and overexpressing UPC2-1 increased 7-DHC production to 217.68 mg/L(37.56 mg/g DCW).To remove the accu-mulated squalene,the post-squalene pathway was strengthened by co-overexpression of PGAL1-driven ERG11 and PGAL10-driven ERG1,which improved 7-DHC titer and yield to 281.73 mg/L and 46.78 mg/g DCW,respectively,and reduced squalene content by 90.12%.We surmised that the sterol precursors in the plasma membrane and peroxisomes may not be accessible to the pathway enzymes,thus we re-localized DHCR24p and Erg2p-GGGGS-Erg3p to the plasma membrane and peroxisomes,boosting 7-DHC production to 357.53 mg/L(63.12 mg/g DCW).Iron supplementation further increased 7-DHC production to 370.68 mg/L in shake flasks and 1.56 g/L in fed-batch *** study demonstrates the power of global regulation and subcellular relocalization of key enzymes to improve 7-DHC synthesis in yeast.

关键词： 7-Dehydrocholesterol Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metabolic engineering Global regulation Pathway re-localization

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Revolutionizing genetic disease treatment: The case of exagamglogene autotemcel

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The Innovation 2024年第3期5卷 5-6页

作者： Shuquan Rao Yao Yao Wenxuan Huo Yang Cao Lihua E.Budde State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology Institute of Hematology&Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjin 300020 China 2Peking University People’s Hospital Peking University Institute of HematologyNational Clinical Research Center for Hematologic DiseaseBeijing 100044 China 3Research Unit of Key Technique for Diagnosis and Treatments of Hematologic Malignancies Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(2019RU029)Beijing 100044 China 4Department of Hematology&Cancer Biology Research Center Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030 China 5Department of Hematology&Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation City of Hope National Medical CenterDuarteCA 91010USA

Recent approval of exagamglogene autotemcel(exa-cel)on November 16,2023,in the United Kingdom,developed by Vertex Pharmaceuticals and CRISPR Therapeutics,represents the first cell-based therapy for treatment of sickle cell disease(SCD)with recurrent vaso-occlusive crises(VOCs)or transfusion-dependentβ-thalassemia(TDT)in patients aged 12 and *** suit,the US Food and Drug Administration authorized exa-cel for the same indications on December 8,***-cel represents the first commercially approved CRISPR-based gene therapy,offering hope to approximately 25,000 eligible patients in the US and *** significance of exa-cel extends beyond revolutionizing therapeutic intervention in genetic medicine;it also raises profound ethical considerations and societal implications related to genome manipulation.

关键词： transfusion treatment manipulation

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Aberrant Hippocampal Development in Early‑onset Mental Disorders and Promising Interventions:Evidence from a Translational Study

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第6期40卷 683-694页

作者： Jingyu Yang Huiling Guo Aoling Cai Junjie Zheng Juan Liu Yao Xiao Sihua Ren Dandan Sun Jia Duan Tongtong Zhao Jingwei Tang Xizhe Zhang Rongxin Zhu Jie Wang Fei Wang Early Intervention Unit Department of PsychiatryAffiliated Nanjing Brain HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029China School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics NanjingMedical UniversityNanjing 211166China The Affiliated Changzhou Second People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Changzhou Second People’s HospitalChangzhou Medical CenterNanjing Medical UniversityChangzhou 213004China Department of Radiology First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110002China Department of Cardiac Function The People’s Hospital of China Medical University and the People’s Hospital of Liaoning ProvinceShenyang 110067China Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in biological Systems State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular PhysicsNational Center for Magnetic Resonance in WuhanWuhan Institute of Physics and MathematicsInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for OptoelectronicsWuhan 430064China Institute of Neuroscience and Brain Diseases Xiangyang Central HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and ScienceXiangyang 441021China Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 210029China

Early-onset mental disorders are associated with disrupted neurodevelopmental processes during *** methylazoxymethanol acetate(MAM)animal model,in which disruption in neurodevelopmental processes is induced,mimics the abnormal neurodevelopment associated with early-onset mental disorders from an etiological *** conducted longitudinal structural magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)scans during childhood,adolescence,and adulthood in MAM rats to identify specific brain regions and critical windows for ***,the effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)intervention on the target brain region during the critical window was *** addition,the efficacy of this intervention paradigm was tested in a group of adolescent patients with early-onset mental disorders(diagnosed with major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder)to evaluate its clinical translational *** results demonstrated that,compared to the control group,the MAM rats exhibited significantly lower striatal volume from childhood to adulthood(all P0.05)but was significantly lower than the control group from adolescence to adulthood(both P0.05).In the clinical trial,adolescents with early-onset mental disorders showed a significant increase in hippocampal volume after rTMS treatment compared to baseline(P<0.01),and these volumetric changes were associated with improvement in depressive symptoms(r=−0.524,P=0.018).These findings highlight the potential of targeting aberrant hippocampal development during adolescence as a viable intervent

关键词： Early-onset Mental disorder Neurodevelopment Animal model Hippocampus Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation

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Regulation of cholesterol homeostasis in health and diseases:from mechanisms to targeted therapeutics

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第9期7卷 3213-3241页

作者： Yajun Duan Ke Gong Suowen Xu Feng Zhang Xianshe Meng Jihong Han Department of Cardiology The First Aflited Hospial of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes College of Food and Biological EngineeringHefei University of TechnologyHefeiChina college of Life sciences Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of EducationState Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology.Nankai UniversityTianjinChina

Disturbed cholesterol homeostasis plays critical roles in the development of multiple diseases,such as cardiovascular diseases(CVD),neurodegenerative diseases and cancers,particularly the CVD in which the accumulation of lipids(mainly the cholesteryl esters)within macrophage/foam cells underneath the endothelial layer drives the formation of atherosclerotic lesions *** and more studies have shown that lowering cholesterol level,especially low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level,protects cardiovascular system and prevents cardiovascular events *** cholesterol homeostasis is determined by cholesterol biosynthesis,uptake,efflux,transport,storage,utilization,and/or *** the processes should be precisely controlled by the multiple regulatory *** on the regulation of cholesterol homeostasis,many interventions have been developed to lower cholesterol by inhibiting cholesterol biosynthesis and uptake or enhancing cholesterol utilization and ***,we summarize the historical review and research events,the current understandings of the molecular pathways playing key roles in regulating cholesterol homeostasis,and the cholesterol-lowering interventions in clinics or in preclinical studies as well as new cholesterol-lowering targets and their clinical *** importantly,we review and discuss the benefits of those interventions for the treatment of multiple diseases including atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases,obesity,diabetes,nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,cancer,neurodegenerative diseases,osteoporosis and virus infection.

关键词： eventually precisely esters

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Dynamics of a predator-prey system with sublethal effects of pesticides on pests and natural enemies

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2024年第1期17卷 151-175页

作者： Xiangjun Dai Jianjun Jiao Qi Quan Airen Zhou School of Mathematical sciences Guizhou Normal University Guiyang 550025P.R.China School of Mathematics and Statistics Guizhou University of Finance and Economics Guiyang 550025 P.R.China School of Date Science Tongren University Tongren 554300P.R.China

Considering the influence of sublethal concentration of pesticides on pests and natural enemies,we propose a pest-management model with impulsive effect on chemical control and biological control strategies periodic spraying pesticide and releasing predatory natural *** using the Floquet theory and the comparison theorem of impulsive differential equations,a sufficient condition for the global asymptotic stability of the pest-eradication periodic solution is *** persistence of the system is further studied,and a sufficient condition for the persistence of the system is ***,some numerical simulations are shown to verify our theoretical *** works indicate that the sublethal effects of insecticides and the release of predatory natural enemies play significant roles in pest control in agricultural production.

关键词： Predator-prey system sublethal effect global asymptotic stability permanence

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Modified Anam-Net Based Lightweight Deep Learning Model for Retinal Vessel Segmentation

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第10期73卷 1501-1526页

作者： Syed Irtaza Haider Khursheed Aurangzeb Musaed Alhussein college of Computer and Information sciences King Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia

The accurate segmentation of retinal vessels is a challenging taskdue to the presence of various pathologies as well as the low-contrast ofthin vessels and non-uniform illumination. In recent years, encoder-decodernetworks have achieved outstanding performance in retinal vessel segmentation at the cost of high computational complexity. To address the aforementioned challenges and to reduce the computational complexity, we proposea lightweight convolutional neural network (CNN)-based encoder-decoderdeep learning model for accurate retinal vessels segmentation. The proposeddeep learning model consists of encoder-decoder architecture along withbottleneck layers that consist of depth-wise squeezing, followed by fullconvolution, and finally depth-wise stretching. The inspiration for the proposed model is taken from the recently developed Anam-Net model, whichwas tested on CT images for COVID-19 identification. For our lightweightmodel, we used a stack of two 3 × 3 convolution layers (without spatialpooling in between) instead of a single 3 × 3 convolution layer as proposedin Anam-Net to increase the receptive field and to reduce the trainableparameters. The proposed method includes fewer filters in all convolutionallayers than the original Anam-Net and does not have an increasing numberof filters for decreasing resolution. These modifications do not compromiseon the segmentation accuracy, but they do make the architecture significantlylighter in terms of the number of trainable parameters and computation *** proposed architecture has comparatively fewer parameters (1.01M) thanAnam-Net (4.47M), U-Net (31.05M), SegNet (29.50M), and most of the otherrecent works. The proposed model does not require any problem-specificpre- or post-processing, nor does it rely on handcrafted features. In addition,the attribute of being efficient in terms of segmentation accuracy as well aslightweight makes the proposed method a suitable candidate to be used in thescreening platforms at

关键词： Anam-Net convolutional neural network cross-database training data augmentation deep learning fundus images retinal vessel segmentation semantic segmentation

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Exploring the impact of rotavirus vaccination on antibiotic prescription and resistance:A comprehensive systematic review

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World Journal of Virology 2024年第2期13卷 115-122页

作者： Lakshmi Venkata Simhachalam Kutikuppala Matei-Alexandru Cozma Gautam Maddineni Harshal Prakash Chorya Nayanika Tummala Swathi Godugu Jyothi Swaroop Chintala Mihnea-Alexandru Găman Department of General Surgery Dr NTR University of Health SciencesVijayawada 520008Andhra PradeshIndia Faculty of Medicine “Carol Davila”University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharest 050474Romania Department of Gastroenterology Colentina Clinical HospitalBucharest 020125Romania Department of Internal Medicine Florida State UniversityCape CoralFL 33909United States Department of Internal Medicine Baroda Medical CollegeVadodara 390001GujaratIndia Department of Internal Medicine GITAM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research(GIMSR)Visakhapatnam 530045Andhra PradeshIndia Department of Internal Medicine Zaporozhye State Medical UniversityZaporozhye 69000Ukraine Department of Anesthesiology Dr NTR University of Health SciencesVijayawada 520008Andhra PradeshIndia Department of Hematology Center of Hematology and Bone Marrow TransplantationFundeni Clinical InstituteBucharest 022328Romania

BACKGROUND Rotavirus is a highly contagious virus responsible for a significant burden of acute gastroenteritis,particularly among infants and young children worldwide,however,vaccination against this viral agent is *** studies have hypothesized that rotavirus vaccination has been linked to lower rates of antibiotic *** To assess the relationship between rotavirus vaccination and antibiotic *** The present systematic review was tailored based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses *** electronic databases(PubMed/MEDLINE,Scopus and Web of Science)were searched independently by two investigators in order to retrieve relevant publications published until April 2023 that investigated the aforementioned research *** The comprehensive database search identified a total of 91 *** the duplicates were removed(n=75),we screened the titles and abstracts of 16 potentially eligible *** the irrelevant records were excluded(n=5),we screened the full texts of 11 ***,5 studies were entered into the qualitative and quantitative *** In conclusion,all the studies support the idea that vaccinations can reduce the need for antibiotic prescriptions which could potentially contribute to mitigating antibiotic ***,to fully comprehend the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance,enhance treatment guidelines,and consider diverse demographic situations,further research is necessary to use evidence-based strategies to fight antibiotic misuse and resistance.

关键词： Rotavirus Vaccination Gastroenteritis Antibiotics Antibiotic resistance Diarrhea Children

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