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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 138-140页

作者： Lei Xiong Miaomiao Lan Chang Liu Lei Li YingYing Yu Tongtong Wang Fan Liu Kun Wang Jin Liu Qingyong Meng State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100094China

Osteoporosis(OP)is an aging-associated condition that significantly affects the quality of life in aging humans and has few treatment options.As an important marker,recombinant immunoglobulin superfamily containing leucinerich repeat(ISLR)could be used as a gene therapy for OP.We herein used alkaline phosphatase(ALP)and alizarin red S(ARS)staining to evaluate osteogenic differentiation potential.

关键词： Immunoglobulin alkaline herein

SCAB1 coordinates sequential Ca^(2+) and ABA signals during osmotic stress induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis

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Science China(Life sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 1-18页

作者： Tianren Zhang Li Bai Yan Guo State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Hyperosmotic stress caused by drought is a detrimental threat to plant growth and agricultural productivity due to limited water availability.Stomata are gateways of transpiration and gas exchange,the swift adjustment of stomatal aperture has a strong influence on plant drought resistance.Despite intensive investigations of stomatal closure during drought stress in past decades,little is known about how sequential signals are integrated during complete processes.Here,we discovered that the rapid Ca^(2+) signaling and subsequent abscisic acid(ABA)signaling contribute to the kinetics of both F-actin reorganizations and stomatal closure in Arabidopsis thaliana,while STOMATAL CLOSURE-RELATED ACTIN BINDING PROTEIN1(SCAB1)is the molecular switch for this entire process.During the early stage of osmotic shock responses,swift elevated calcium signaling promotes SCAB1 phosphorylation through calcium sensors CALCIUM DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE3(CPK3)and CPK6.The phosphorylation restrained the microfilament binding affinity of SCAB1,which bring about the Factin disassembly and stomatal closure initiation.As the osmotic stress signal continued,both the kinase activity of CPK3 and the phosphorylation level of SCAB1 attenuated significantly.We further found that ABA signaling is indispensable for these attenuations,which presumably contributed to the actin filament reassembly process as well as completion of stomatal closure.Notably,the dynamic changes of SCAB1 phosphorylation status are crucial for the kinetics of stomatal closure.Taken together,our results support a model in which SCAB1 works as a molecular switch,and directs the microfilament rearrangement through integrating the sequentially generated Ca^(2+) and ABA signals during osmotic stress induced stomatal closure.

关键词： calcium signal ABA stomatal movement microfilaments kinase

Structural insights into the Oryza sativa cation transporters HKTs in salt tolerance

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第4期66卷 700-708页

作者： Ran Gao Yutian Jia Xia Xu Peng Fu Jiaqi Zhou Guanghui Yang State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design BreedingCollege of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

The high-affinity potassium transporters(HKTs),selectively permeable to either Na^(+)alone or Na^(+)/K^(+),play pivotal roles in maintaining plant Na^(+)/K^(+)homeostasis.Although their involvement in salt tolerance is widely reported,the molecular underpinnings of Oryza sativa HKTs remain elusive.In this study,we elucidate the structures of OsHKT1;1 and OsHKT2;1,representing two distinct classes of rice HKTs.The dimeric assembled OsHKTs can be structurally divided into four domains.At the dimer interface,a half-helix or a loop in the third domain is coordinated by the C-terminal region of the opposite subunit.Additionally,we present the structures of OsHKT1;5 salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive variants,a key quantitative trait locus associated with salt tolerance.The salt-tolerant variant of OsHKT1;5 exhibits enhanced Na^(+)transport capability and displays a more flexible conformation.These findings shed light on the molecular basis of rice HKTs and provide insights into their role in salt tolerance.

关键词： HKT salt-tolerant structure

Plant photobiology:From basic theoretical research to crop production

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第5期66卷 847-848页

作者： Hongtao Liu Jigang Li college of Life sciences and Oceanography Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518061China State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

As one of the most important environmental signals for plants,light plays a profound role in regulating virtually every aspect of plant growth and development.Light signals are perceived by plants via several families of photoreceptors,among which phytochromes are responsible for absorbing the red(R)and far-red(FR)wavelengths(600–750 nm),cryptochromes(CRYs)perceive the blue(B)/ultraviolet-A(UV-A)wavelengths(320–500 nm),and UV RESISTANCE LOCUS 8(UVR8)is a recently-characterized UV-B(280–320 nm)photoreceptor.

关键词： UVR8 photoreceptor development.

Bifunctional noble-metal-free cocatalyst coating enabling better coupling of photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction and H_(2)O oxidation on direct Z-scheme heterojunction

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5022-5030页

作者： Wei Zhao Weihao Mo Yan Zhang Lingxuan Hu Yiyi Zheng Zhulei Chen Xiangyue Niu Yuling Zhao Lichun Liu Shuxian Zhong Song Bai Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials College of Chemistry and Materials ScienceZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China college of biological Chemical Sciences and Engineering and Nanotechnology Research InstituteJiaxing UniversityJiaxing 314001China college of Geography and Environmental sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China college of Chemical and biological Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China School of biological and Chemical Engineering Panzhihua UniversityPanzhihua 617000China

Selective loading of spatially separated redox cocatalysts on direct Z-scheme heterojunctions holds great promise for advancing the efficiency of artificial photosynthesis,which however is limited to the photodeposition of noble metal cocatalysts and the fabrication of hollow double-shelled semiconductor heterojunctions.Moreover,the co-exposure of discrete cocatalyst and semiconductor increases the product diversity when both the exposed sites of which participate in CO_(2)photoreduction.Herein,we present a facile and versatile protocol to overcome these limitations via surface coating of Z-scheme heterojunctions with bifunctional noble-metal-free cocatalysts.With Cu_(2)O/Fe_(2)O_(3)(CF)as a model heterojunction and layered Ni(OH)_(2)as a model cocatalyst,it is found that Ni(OH)_(2)lying on the surfaces of Cu_(2)O and Fe_(2)O_(3)separately co-catalyzes the CO_(2)reduction and H_(2)O oxidation.Thorough experimental and theoretical investigation reveals that the Ni(OH)_(2)outer layer:(i)mitigates the charge recombination in CF and balances their transfer and consumption;(ii)reduces the rate-determining barriers for CO_(2)-to-CO and H_(2)O-to-O_(2)conversion,(iii)suppresses the side proton reduction occurring on CF,and(iv)protects the CF from component detachment.As expected,the redox reactions stoichiometrically proceed,and significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity,selectivity,and stability in CO generation are achieved by the stacked Cu_(2)O/Fe_(2)O_(3)@Ni(OH)_(2)in contrast to CF.This study demonstrates the significance of the synergy between bifunctional cocatalysts and Z-scheme heterojunctions for improving the efficacy of overall redox reactions,opening a fresh avenue for the rational design of artificial photosynthetic systems.

关键词： Z-scheme heterojunction bifunctional cocatalyst CO_(2)reduction H_(2)O oxidation stoichiometric redox reaction

Antisense therapy:a potential breakthrough in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 1027-1035页

作者： Roberta Romano Cecilia Bucci Department of biological and Environmental sciences and Technologies(DiSTeBA) University of SalentoLecceItaly

Neurodegenerative diseases are a group of disorders characterized by the progressive degeneration of neurons in the central or peripheral nervous system.Currently,there is no cure for neurodegenerative diseases and this means a heavy burden for patients and the health system worldwide.Therefore,it is necessary to find new therapeutic approaches,and antisense therapies offer this possibility,having the great advantage of not modifying cellular genome and potentially being safer.Many preclinical and clinical studies aim to test the safety and effectiveness of antisense therapies in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.The objective of this review is to summarize the recent advances in the development of these new technologies to treat the most common neurodegenerative diseases,with a focus on those antisense therapies that have already received the approval of the U.S.Food and Drug Administration.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis antisense oligonucleotide Huntington’s disease neurodegenerative disorders Parkinson’s disease siRNA

How variable progenitor clones construct a largely invariant neocortex

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 129-144页

作者： Zhongfu Shen Jiajun Yang Qiangqiang Zhang Kuiyu Wang Xiaohui Lv Xiaolin Hu Jian Ma Song-Hai Shi New Cornerstone Science Laboratory IDG/McG overn Institute for Brain Research Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure School of Life Sciences Tsinghua University Department of Computer sciences Tsinghua University college of Life sciences Nankai University Chinese Institute for Brain Research

The neocortex contains a vast collection of diverse neurons organized into distinct layers. While nearly all neocortical neurons are generated by radial glial progenitors(RGPs), it remains largely unclear how a complex yet organized neocortex is constructed reliably and robustly. Here, we show that the division behavior and neuronal output of RGPs are highly constrained with patterned variabilities to support the reliable and robust construction of the mouse neocortex. The neurogenic process of RGPs can be well-approximated by a consistent Poisson-like process unfolding over time, producing deep to superficial layer neurons progressively. The exact neuronal outputs regarding layer occupation are variable; yet, this variability is constrained systematically to support all layer formation, largely reflecting the variable intermediate progenitor generation and RGP neurogenic entry and exit timing differences. Together, these results define the fundamental features of neocortical neurogenesis with a balanced reliability and variability for the construction of the complex neocortex.

关键词： neocortex radial glial progenitor intermediate progenitor neurogenesis clonal variability layer formation

A Bifunctional-Blocker-Aided Hybridization Chain Reaction Lighting-Up Self-calibrating Nanocluster Fluorescence for Reliable Nucleic Acid Detection

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2024年第2期8卷 160-169页

作者： Dan Zhang Guobao Zhou Hongyan Yang Yi Wang Lijun Shen Yuxuan Qiu Lei Li Longhua Guo college of Chemistry and Materials Science Zhejiang Normal University Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Sensing College of Biological Chemical Sciences and EngineeringJiaxing University college of Life sciences and Medicine Zhejiang Sci-Tech University

In this work, we proposed a ratiometric silver nanoclusters(AgNCs) fluorescent assay by designing a bifunctional-blockeraided hybridization chain reaction(HCR). Hairpin probe 1(HP1) containing two special DNA fragments(5′-CAC CGC T-3′and 5′-ATT TGC CTT TTG GGG ACG GATA-3′) at two terminals creates a red-emitting AgNC nucleation sequence(rNS,5′-CAC CGC TAT TTG CCT TTT GGG GAC GGATA-3′). We found that the presence of a toehold fragment(5′-TGCCC-3′)in HP1 could silence the rNS. Upon the addition of a target nucleic acid, HCR of HP1 and hairpin probe 2(HP2) could be initiated, resulting in the formation of long chain of DNA duplexes with multibranched rNS. As the toehold fragment in HP1participated in generating duplexes, a strong emission of rNS-templated AgNCs was observed at 670 nm. More significantly,a bifunctional blocker was introduced not only to reduce the background red-emitting fluorescence but also to play as an internal green-emitting AgNCs nucleation sequence. On the one hand, the blocker could increase the signal-to-noise-ratio of the constructed biosensor, and on the other hand, the blocker also helped to prepare ratiometric HCR-AgNCs assay with self-calibrating ability to strengthen its reproducibility. Compared with the traditional HCR-AgNCs sensors, the developed ratiometric assay based on the bifunctional-blocker-aided HCR has higher reliability, which is important for the fabrication of biosensors in various fields for practical biosensing applications.

关键词： Ratiometric fluorescence Hybridization chain reaction Silver nanocluster Biosensor Bifunctional blocker

Prevention and treatment of gerbil hepatitis E using the programmable CRISPR-Cas13d system

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 94-97页

作者： Chengcheng Zhao Chong Lia Sa Li Hanyu Wu Pengyao Ren Tianlong Liu Xiaoxiang Hu Ran Zhang State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology and Nanopathology College of Veterinary MedicineChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

In recent years,the global incidence of hepatitis E virus(HEV)has been rising,leading to increased morbidity and mortality associated with hepatitis.Cas13,a CRISPR effector,shows promise as an antiviral agent against singlestranded RNA viruses.Cas13d,a type VI-D effector,exhibits higher efficiency in suppressing RNA viruses compared to other type VI variants.However,its in vivo activity against RNA viruses in mammals remains unknown.

关键词： mortality hepatitis treatment

Metabolic relationships between marine red algae and algae‑associated bacteria

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第2期6卷 298-314页

作者： Kyung Hyun Kim Jeong Min Kim Ju Hye Baek Sang Eun Jeong Hocheol Kim Hwan Su Yoon Che Ok Jeon Department of biological sciences and Biotechnology Hannam UniversityDaejon 34054Republic of Korea Department of Life Science Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06974Republic of Korea Department of biological sciences Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea

Mutualistic interactions between marine phototrophs and associated bacteria are an important strategy for their success-ful survival in the ocean,but little is known about their metabolic relationships.Here,bacterial communities in the algal sphere(AS)and bulk solution(BS)of nine marine red algal cultures were analyzed,and Roseibium and Phycisphaera were identified significantly more abundantly in AS than in BS.The metabolic features of Roseibium RMAR6-6(isolated and genome-sequenced),Phycisphaera MAG 12(obtained by metagenomic sequencing),and a marine red alga,Porphyridium purpureum CCMP1328(from GenBank),were analyzed bioinformatically.RMAR6-6 has the genetic capability to fix nitrogen and produce B vitamins(B1,B2,B5,B6,B9,and B12),bacterioferritin,dimethylsulfoniopropionate(DMSP),and phenylacetate that may enhance algal growth,whereas MAG 12 may have a limited metabolic capability,not producing vitamins B9 and B12,DMSP,phenylacetate,and siderophores,but with the ability to produce bacitracin,possibly modulating algal microbiome.P.purpureum CCMP1328 lacks the genetic capability to fix nitrogen and produce vitamin B12,DMSP,phenylacetate,and siderophore.It was shown that the nitrogen-fixing ability of RMAR6-6 promoted the growth of P.pur-pureum,and DMSP reduced the oxidative stress of P.purpureum.The metabolic interactions between strain RMAR6-6 and P.purpureum CCMP1328 were also investigated by the transcriptomic analyses of their monoculture and co-culture.Taken together,potential metabolic relationships between Roseibium and P.purpureum were proposed.This study provides a bet-ter understanding of the metabolic relationships between marine algae and algae-associated bacteria for successful growth.

关键词： Metabolic relationship Marine red algae Symbiotic bacteria Roseibium Phycisphaera Porphyridium