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Contemporary Study for Detection of COVID-19 Using Machine Learning with Explainable AI

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 1075-1104页

作者： Saad Akbar Humera Azam Sulaiman Sulmi Almutairi Omar Alqahtani Habib Shah Aliya Aleryani Department of Computer science University of KarachiKarachi75270Pakistan Department of Computing Faculty of Engineering Science and TechnologyHamdard UniversityKarachi75540Pakistan Department of Health Informatics College of Applied Medical SciencesQassim UniversityQassim51452Saudi Arabia Department of Computer science College of Computer ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia

The prompt spread of COVID-19 has emphasized the necessity for effective and precise diagnostic *** this article,a hybrid approach in terms of datasets as well as the methodology by utilizing a previously unexplored dataset obtained from a private hospital for detecting COVID-19,pneumonia,and normal conditions in chest X-ray images(CXIs)is proposed coupled with Explainable Artificial Intelligence(XAI).Our study leverages less preprocessing with pre-trained cutting-edge models like InceptionV3,VGG16,and VGG19 that excel in the task of feature *** methodology is further enhanced by the inclusion of the t-SNE(t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding)technique for visualizing the extracted image features and Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization(CLAHE)to improve images before extraction of ***,an AttentionMechanism is utilized,which helps clarify how the modelmakes decisions,which builds trust in artificial intelligence(AI)*** evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed approach,both benchmark datasets and a private dataset obtained with permissions from Jinnah PostgraduateMedical Center(JPMC)in Karachi,Pakistan,are *** 12 experiments,VGG19 showcased remarkable performance in the hybrid dataset approach,achieving 100%accuracy in COVID-19 *** classification and 97%in distinguishing normal ***,across all classes,the approach achieved 98%accuracy,demonstrating its efficiency in detecting COVID-19 and differentiating it fromother chest disorders(Pneumonia and healthy)while also providing insights into the decision-making process of the models.

关键词： COVID-19 detection deep neural networks support vector machine CXIs InceptionV3 VGG16 VGG19 t-SNE embedding CLAHE attention mechanism XAI

A robust implicit high-order discontinuous Galerkin method for solving compressible Navier-Stokes equations on arbitrary grids

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2024年第8期40卷 96-119页

作者： Jia Yan Xiaoquan Yang Peifen Weng Shanghai Institute of applied Mathematics and Mechanics Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy EngineeringSchool of Mechanics and Engineering ScienceShanghai UniversityShanghai200072China college of Energy and Mechanical Engineering Shanghai University of Electric PowerShanghai200090China

The primary impediments impeding the implementation of high-order methods in simulating viscous flow over complex configurations are robustness and *** challenges impose significant constraints on computational efficiency,particularly in the domain of engineering *** address these concerns,this paper proposes a robust implicit high-order discontinuous Galerkin(DG)method for solving compressible Navier-Stokes(NS)equations on arbitrary *** method achieves a favorable equilibrium between computational stability and *** solve the linear system,an exact Jacobian matrix solving strategy is employed for preconditioning and matrix-vector generation in the generalized minimal residual(GMRES)*** approach mitigates numerical errors in Jacobian solution during implicit calculations and facilitates the implementation of an adaptive Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy(CFL)number increasing strategy,with the aim of improving convergence and *** further enhance the applicability of the proposed method for intricate grid distortions,all simulations are performed in the reference *** practice significantly improves the reversibility of the mass matrix in implicit calculations.A comprehensive analysis of various parameters influencing computational stability and efficiency is conducted,including CFL number,Krylov subspace size,and GMRES convergence *** computed results from a series of numerical test cases demonstrate the promising results achieved by combining the DG method,GMRES solver,exact Jacobian matrix,adaptive CFL number,and reference domain calculations in terms of robustness,convergence,and *** analysis results can serve as a reference for implicit computation in high-order calculations.

关键词： Discontinuous Galerkin method Exact Jacobian matrix GMRES solver Adaptive CFL number Reference domain High-order

Covalency competition induced selective bond breakage and surface reconstruction in manganese cobaltite towards enhanced electrochemical charge storage

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第5期9卷 909-918页

作者： Peng Gao Pei Tang Ying Mo Peitao Xiao Wang Zhou Shi Chen Hongliang Dong Ziwei Li Chaohe Xu Jilei Liu college of Materials science and Engineering Hunan Joint International Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology for Clean EnergyHunan Province Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Applied TechnologyHunan UniversityChangshaHunan410082China Department of Materials science and Engineering National University of Defense TechnologyChangshaHunan410073China Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education Institute of Applied Physics and Materials EngineeringUniversity of MacaoAvenida da UniversidadeTaipaMacao999078China Center for High Pressure science and Technology Advanced Research PudongShanghai201203China college of Aerospace Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044China

Manganese cobaltite(MnCo_(2)_(4))is a promising electrode material because of its attractive redox chemistry and excellent charge storage *** previous work demonstrated that the octahedrally-coordinated Mn are prone to react with the hydroxyl ions in alkaline electrolyte upon electrochemical cycling and separates on the surface of spinel to reconstruct into d-MnO_(2) nanosheets irreversibly,thus results in a change of the reaction mechanism with Kþion ***,the low capacity has greatly limited its practical ***,we found that the tetrahedrally-coordinated Co_(2) þions were leached when MnCo_(2)_(4) was equilibrated in 1 mol L^(-1) HCl solution,leading to the formation of layered CoOOH on MnCo_(2)_(4) surface which is originated from the covalency competition induced selective breakage of the CoT–O bond in CoT–O–CoO and subsequent rearrangement of free Co_(6) *** as-formed CoOOH is stable upon cycling in alkaline electrolyte,exhibits conversion reaction mechanism with facile proton diffusion and is free of massive structural evolution,thus enables utilization of the bulk electrode material and realizes enhanced speciﬁc capacity as well as facilitated charge transfer and ion *** general,our work not only offers a feasible approach to deliberate modiﬁcation of MnCo_(2)_(4)'s surface structure,but also provides an in-depth understanding of its charge storage mechanism,which enables rational design of the spinel oxides with promising charge storage properties.

关键词： Manganese cobaltite Tetrahedrally-coordinated Co^(2+)leaching Selective bond breakage Surface reconstruction Charge storage mechanisms

Robust asymmetric Cherenkov radiation in tilted anisotropic medium

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science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第1期67卷 46-51页

作者： Shuwen Xue Yadong Xu Linkang Han Zhi Ning Chen Qiaoliang Bao Shan Zhu Huanyang Chen Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics and Department of Physics College of Physical Science and TechnologyJiujiang Research InstituteXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China School of Physical science and Technology Institute of Theoretical and Applied PhysicsSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 8117583Singapore Institute of Energy Materials science(IEMS) University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China

Cherenkov radiation(CR)is available for a wide variety of terahertz(THz)radiation sources,but its efficiency is deeply affected by intrinsic *** find that if the tilted angle(α)of anisotropic material and radiation angle(θ)meet the condition ofθ+α=π/2,the intensity of radiation fields for the charged particle bunch(CPB)moving from left to right cannot be influenced by intrinsic losses,which means long-distance radiation can be ***,we observe an asymmetric CR when the CPB moves from the opposite *** addition,we select natural van der Waals(vd W)materialα-MoO3as an example,further confirming that the radiation field can reach the far field and the asymmetric CR radiation can also be *** wonderful properties with long-distance radiation will extend the application of CR to a certain extent for future design and fabrication.

关键词： asymmetric Cherenkov radiation intrinsic losses long-distance radiation

Provenance and depositional setting of the Late MiocenePleistocene clastic sediments in the eastern Arabian Peninsula and western Iraq using rare earth elements geochemistry

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第2期43卷 399-410页

作者： Salih M.Awadh Zinah S.Al-Ankaz Mohanad R.A.Al-Owaidi John S.Armstrong-Altrin Department of Geology College of ScienceUniversity of BaghdadBaghdadIraq Department of Geology College of ScienceUniversity of WasitWasit 52011Iraq Department of applied Geology College of ScienceUniversity of BabylonBabylon 51001Iraq Unidad de Procesos Oceanicos y Costeros Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y LimnologíaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCiudad Universitaria04510 Mexico CityCDMXMexico Department of Marine sciences Bharathidasan UniversityTiruchirapalliTamil Nadu 620024India

The sandstones of the Late miocene–Pliocene Dibdibba Formation in the Najaf–Karbala Plateau and Basra were examined to determine their source rocks and origin. The rare earth elements(REE) and trace elements(Sc, Co, V, and Th) concentrations in these sandstones revealed that they likely derived from a single source. The steep light rare earth elements(LREE) and flat, heavy rare earth element(HREE) patterns, negative Eu anomaly, and high ΣREE contents in sandstones suggest its derivation from a suggests that a passive continental margin environment and originated from felsic source rocks. The average concentration of ΣREE is 93.5 ppm, which is lower than that of the average crustal compositions like Upper Continental Crust and Post Archean Australian Shale. The higher proportion of LREE compared to HREE implies that these sandstones were recycled and derived from a distal source. The Th/Co, Th/Sc, La/Sc, La/Co, Eu/Eu*and(La/Lu)cn elemental ratios indicated that these Late Miocene–Pliocene sandstones were derived from felsic rocks located in the marginal region of the Arabian Shield.

关键词： REE Dibdibba formation Clastic sediments Passive continental margin

Gas film/regenerative composite cooling characteristics of the liquid oxygen/liquid methane (LOX/LCH4) rocket engine

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Journal of Zhejiang University-science A(applied Physics & Engineering) 2024年第8期25卷 631-649页

作者： Xinlin LIU Jun SUN Zhuohang JIANG Qinglian LI Peng CHENG Jie SONG science and Technology on Scramjet Laboratory College of Aerospace Science and EngineeringNational University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China

The thermal protection of rocket engines is a crucial aspect of rocket engine *** this paper,the gas film/regenerative composite cooling of the liquid oxygen/liquid methane(LOX/LCH4)rocket engine thrust chamber was investigated.A gas film/regenerative composite cooling model was developed based on the Grisson gas film cooling efficiency formula and the one-dimensional regenerative cooling *** accuracy of the model was validated through experiments conducted on a 6 kg/s level gas film/regenerative composite cooling thrust ***,key parameters related to heat transfer performance were *** results demonstrate that the model is sufficiently accurate to be used as a preliminary design *** temperature rise error of the coolant,when compared with the experimental results,was found to be less than 10%.Although the pressure drop error is relatively large,the calculated results still provide valuable guidance for heat transfer *** addition,the performance of composite cooling is observed to be superior to regenerative *** the gas film flow rate results in higher cooling efficiency and a lower gas-side wall ***,the position at which the gas film is introduced greatly impacts the cooling *** optimal introduction position for the gas film is determined when the film is introduced from a single row of *** optimal introduction position results in a more uniform wall temperature distribution and reduces the peak ***,it is observed that a double row of holes,when compared to a single row of holes,enhances the cooling effect in the superposition area of the gas film and further lowers the gas-side wall *** results provide a basis for the design of gas film/regenerative composite cooling systems.

关键词： Liquid oxygen/liquid methane(LOX/LCH4)rocket engine Gas film cooling Regenerative cooling Heat transfer characteristics

Quantum projection ghost imaging: a photon-numberselection method [Invited]

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第6期22卷 52-59页

作者： Dezhong Cao Suheng Zhang Yanan Zhao Cheng Ren Jun Zhang Baolai Liang Baoqing Sun Kaige Wang Department of Physics Yantai UniversityYantai 264005China college of Physics science&Technology Hebei UniversityBaoding 071002China School of Information science and Engineering Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Department of Physics Applied Optics Beijing Area Major LaboratoryBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

We establish a quantum theory of computational ghost imaging and propose quantum projection imaging where object information can be reconstructed by quantum statistical correlation between a certain photon number of a bucket signal and digital micromirror device random patterns. The reconstructed image can be negative or positive, depending on the chosen photon number. In particular, the vacuum state (zero-number) projection produces a negative image with better visibility and contrast-to-noise ratio. The experimental results of quantum projection imaging agree well with theoretical simulations and show that, under the same measurement condition, vacuum projection imaging is superior to conventional and fast first-photon ghost imaging in low-light illumination.

关键词： ghost imaging quantum projection image reconstruction

Multi-dimensional multiplexing optical secret sharing framework with cascaded liquid crystal holograms

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2024年第1期7卷 28-35页

作者： Keyao Li Yiming Wang Dapu Pi Baoli Li Haitao Luan Xinyuan Fang Peng Chen Yanqing Lu Min Gu Institute of Photonic Chips University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Centre for Artificial-Intelligence Nanophotonics School of Optical-Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and College of Engineering and Applied SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

Secret sharing is a promising technology for information encryption by splitting the secret information into different ***,the traditional scheme suffers from information leakage in decryption process since the amount of available information channels is ***,we propose and demonstrate an optical secret sharing framework based on the multi-dimensional multiplexing liquid crystal(LC)*** LC holograms are used as spatially separated shares to carry secret *** polarization of the incident light and the distance between different shares are served as secret keys,which can significantly improve the information security and ***,the decryption condition is also restricted by the applied external voltage due to the variant diffraction efficiency,which further increases the information *** implementation,an artificial neural network(ANN)model is developed to carefully design the phase distribution of each LC *** the advantage of high security,high capacity and simple configuration,our optical secret sharing framework has great potentials in optical encryption and dynamic holographic display.

关键词： holographic encryption optical secret sharing cascaded liquid crystal hologram multi-dimensional multiplexing

Improved Dwarf Mongoose Optimization Algorithm for Feature Selection:Application in Software Fault Prediction Datasets

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第4期21卷 2000-2033页

作者： Abdelaziz I.Hammouri Mohammed A.Awadallah Malik ShBraik Mohammed Azmi Al-Betar Majdi Beseiso Department of Computer science Al-Balqa Applied UniversityAl-Salt19117Jordan Department of Scientific Research and Graduate Studies University of Prince Mugrin42241MedinaSaudi Arabia Department of Computer science Al-Aqsa UniversityGaza4051Palestine Artificial Intelligence Research Center(AIRC) Ajman UniversityAjmanUnited Arab Emirates Department of Information Technology Al-Huson University CollegeAl-Balqa Applied UniversityAl-HusonIrbid21110Jordan

Feature selection(FS)plays a crucial role in pre-processing machine learning datasets,as it eliminates redundant features to improve classification accuracy and reduce computational *** paper presents an enhanced approach to FS for software fault prediction,specifically by enhancing the binary dwarf mongoose optimization(BDMO)algorithm with a crossover mechanism and a modified positioning updating *** proposed approach,termed iBDMOcr,aims to fortify exploration capability,promote population diversity,and lastly improve the wrapper-based FS process for software fault prediction *** gained superb performance compared to other well-esteemed optimization methods across 17 benchmark *** ranked first in 11 out of 17 datasets in terms of average classification ***,iBDMOcr outperformed other methods in terms of average fitness values and number of selected features across all *** findings demonstrate the effectiveness of iBDMOcr in addressing FS problems in software fault prediction,leading to more accurate and efficient models.

关键词： Dwarf mongoose optimization algorithm Optimization Feature selection Classification