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Effects of thinning and understory removal on water use efficiency of Pinus massoniana:evidence from photosynthetic capacity and stable carbon isotope analyses

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第2期35卷 42-53页

作者： Ting Wang Qing Xu Beibei Zhang Deqiang Gao Ying Zhang Jing Jiang Haijun Zuo Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration Ecology and Nature Conservation InstituteChinese Academy of ForestryBeijing 100091People’s Republic of China college of agronomy and Agricultural Engineering Liaocheng UniversityLiaocheng 252000People’s Republic of China Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences Faculty of ForestryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V6T 1Z4Canada

Understanding the relationship between forest management and water use efficiency(WUE)is important for evaluating forest adaptability to climate ***,the effects of thinning and understory removal on WUE and its key controlling processes are not well understood,which limits our comprehension of the physiological mechanisms of various management *** this study,four forest management measures(no thinning:NT;understory removal:UR;light thinning:LT;and heavy thinning:HT)were carried out in Pinus massoniana plantations in a subtropical region of *** capacity and needle stable carbon isotope composition(δ^(13)C)were measured to assess instantaneous water use efficiency(WUE_(inst))and long-term water use efficiency(WUE_(i)).Multiple regression models and structural equation modelling(SEM)identified the effects of soil properties and physiological performances on WUE_(inst)and WUE_(i).The results show that WUE_(inst)values among the four treatments were ***,compared with the NT stand(35.8μmol·mol^(-1)),WUE_(i)values significantly increased to 41.7μmol·mol^(-1)in the UR,50.1μmol·mol^(-1)in the LT and 46.6μmol·mol^(-1)in HT treatments,largely explained by photosynthetic capacity and soil water *** removal did not change physiological performance(needle water potential and photosynthetic capacity).Thinning increased the net photosynthetic rate(A_n)but not stomatal conductance(g_s)or predawn needle water potential(ψ_(pd)),implying that the improvement in water use efficiency for thinned stands was largely driven by radiation interception than by soil water *** general,thinning may be an appropriate management measure to promote *** WUE to cope with seasonal droughts under future extreme climates.

关键词： Stable carbon isotope Water use efficiency Thinning Understory removal Photosynthetic capacity Needle water potential

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Simultaneous production of high-frequency synthetic apomixis with high fertility and improved agronomic traits in hybrid rice

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Molecular Plant 2024年第1期17卷 4-7页

作者： Mengqiu Song Wumei Wang Chun Ji Shengnan Li Wei Liu Xiaoyu Hul Anhui Feng Shuang Ruan Shiyun Du Huan Wang Kui Dai Longbiao Guo Qian Qian Hongqi Si Xingming Hu college of agronomy Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefeiAnhui 230036China State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouZhejiang 310006China Rice Research Institute Anhui Academy of Agricultural SciencesHefeiAnhui 230031China Jiangxi Modern Seed Industry Co.NanchangJiangxi 330026China

Dear Editor,Utilization of heterosis is fundamental to modern agricultural improvement and contributes significantly to food security and agricultural development(Ouyang et al.,2022).However,heterosis of F,hybrids cannot be stably ***,or asexual reproduction through seeds,offers the potential for the fixation of heterosis in F,hybrids and the formation of clonal offspring,which could have considerable implications for plant breeding and agriculture(Schmidt,2020).But naturally occurring apomixis has never been found in major ***,synthetic apomixis has been successfully generated by inducing incomplete meiotic development combined with parthenogenesis development to produce cloned rice(Oryza sativa)seeds(Khanday et al.,2019;Wang et al.,2019;Vernet et al.,2022;Wei et al.,2023).

关键词： sativa fertility breeding

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Fine-mapping of a candidate gene for web blotch resistance in Arachis hypogaea L.

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第5期23卷 1494-1506页

作者： Xiaohui Wu Mengyuan Zhang Zheng Zheng Ziqi Sun Feiyan Qi Hua Liu Juan Wang Mengmeng Wang Ruifang Zhao Yue Wu Xiao Wang Hongfei Liu Wenzhao Dong Xinyou Zhang college of agronomy Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450046China Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Henan Academy of Crop Molecular Breeding/Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Oil Crop ImprovementZhengzhou 450002China The Shennong Laboratory Zhengzhou 450002China Shangqiu Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences Shangqiu 476000China

Peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)is a globally important oil *** blotch is one of the most important foliar diseases affecting peanut,which results in serious yield losses *** web blotch-resistant peanut varieties is the most effective and economically viable method for minimizing yield losses due to web *** the current study,a bulked segregant analysis with next-generation sequencing was used to analyze an F2:3 segregating population and identify candidate loci related to web blotch *** on the fine-mapping of the candidate genomic interval using kompetitive allele-specific PCR(KASP)markers,we identified a novel web blotch resistance-related locus spanning approximately 169 kb on chromosome *** region included four annotated genes,of which only Arahy.35VVQ3 had a non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism in the coding region between the two *** markers(Chr.16.12872635 and Chr.16.12966357)linked to this gene were shown to be co-segregated with the resistance of peanut web blotch by 72 randomly selected recombinant inbred lines(RIL),which could be used in marker-assisted breeding of resistant peanut varieties.

关键词： peanut web blotch bulked segregant analysis KAsP markers resistant gene

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Rhyscotus subrisus Li&Jiang,***.,representing a new record family Rhyscotidae from China(Isopoda:Oniscidea)

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Zoological Systematics 2024年第2期49卷 181-183页

作者： Chonghui Yao Chao Jiang Weichun Li college of agronomy Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045China State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs National Resource Center for Chinese MateriaMedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100700China

The family Rhyscotidae Budde-Lund,1904 contains two genera:Rhyscotoides Schmalfuss&Ferrara,1978 and Rhyscotus Budde-Lund,*** date,twenty-one species within the family are known,occurring in the subtropic and tropic regions(Schmalfuss,2003;Schmidt,2003;Boyko et al.,2022).The members of the family can be recognized by the cephalon with a strongly inflated frons,the antennae with two-jointed flagellum,the maxillae are almost semicircular,the maxillipeds have short palpus and endite,and pleopod exopodites without pseudotracheae(Schmalfuss&Ferrara,1978).Before this study,the members of Rhyscotidae were unknown in *** present research describes a new species of the genus Rhyscotus from Hainan Island,representing a new record of the family Rhyscotidae from China.

关键词： record family

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Unique genes carried by abundant species enhance CH_(4) emissions during the growing season at the Tibetan Plateau

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第2期6卷 83-95页

作者： Yue Liang Liyuan He Jieying Wang Yanfang Liu Wenying Wang Chengjie Ren Jun Wang Yaoxin Guo Ninglian Wang Fazhu Zhao Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity Northwest UniversityXi’an710127China college of Urban and Environmental Sciences Northwest UniversityXi’an710127China Department of Biology San Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCA92182USA Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Formation Mechanism and Comprehensive Utilization in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau School of Life SciencesQinghai Normal UniversityXining810008China college of agronomy Northwest A&F UniversityYangling712100China The college of Life Sciences Northwest UniversityXi’an710072China Carbon Neutrality college (Yulin) Northwest UniversityXi’an710127China

CH_(4) emission rates followed an increased pattern during the growing season at Tibetan Plateau.•Unique genes carried by abundant species were positively correlated with CH_(4) emission rates.•Climate factors influenced CH_(4) emission rates by regulating microbial community and their *** play pivotal roles in soil methane(CH_(4))emissions and their functional genes are origins of a key mechanism for soil ***,understanding of the roles of specific genes(e.g.,unique or shared genes carried by species)underlying CH_(4)-cycling remains ***,we measured CH_(4) emission rates and investigated variations in microbial community and the abundance of genes carried by species during the growing season in alpine meadow on the Tibetan *** discovered that CH_(4) emission rates increased from 394.4,745.9,and 1092.7µg CH4 m−2 h−1,in April,June,and August,respectively,and had a positive correlation with unique genes carried by abundant species during the growing ***,we found that unique genes carried by abundant species involved in methanogenesis processes have a higher abundance than methanotrophic *** analysis indicated that climate factors(i.e.,mean monthly temperature(MMT)and mean monthly precipitation(MMP))influenced microbial community and their functional genes,and therefore affected the CH_(4) emission ***,the present study provides a novel insight into the variation of soil CH4 emissions from a functional gene perspective,highlighting the important roles of unique genes carried by abundant species in CH4 emissions in the Tibetan Plateau under seasonal variation.

关键词： soil CH_(4) emissions unique genes abundant species CH_(4)-cycling growing season

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Green intelligent fertilizers——A novel approach for aligning sustainable agriculture with green development

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第1期11卷 186-196页

作者： Maoying WANG Lingyun CHENG Chengdong HUANG Yang LYU Lin ZHANG Zhenya LU Changzhou WEI Wenqi MA Zed RENGEL Jianbo SHEN Fusuo ZHANG State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNational Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentKey Laboratory of Plant–Soil Interactions(Ministry of Education)China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China college of agronomy Shihezi UniversityShihezi 832000China college of Resources and Environmental Science Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071000China Soil Science and Plant Nutrition UWA School of Agriculture and EnvironmentThe University of Western AustraliaPerthWA 6009Australia Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation Split 21000Croatia

This review addresses the growing disparity between the current state of fertilizer production in China and the evolving demands of green agriculture in the 21st century. It explores major advances in fertilizers, proposes the concept of green intelligent fertilizers and develops new strategies aligned with the principles of green development in fertilizer industry and *** intelligent fertilizers may be designed to maximize the synergistic effects among plants, soils, microorganisms, nutrient sources and the environment. This concept emphasizes the integration of industry and agriculture toward green development for entire industry chain, using an interdisciplinary approach to drive the green transformation of fertilizer industry, and promote green and sustainable development of agriculture. By bridging the gap between the current state of fertilizer industry and a growing need for environmentally responsible agricultural practices, this review highlights a path toward harmonizing fertilizer production with the imperatives of green agriculture.

关键词： Root-nutrient feedback green development intelligent fertilizers new fertilizer plant-soil-fertilizer interaction rhizosphere engineering

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Genetic analysis and fine mapping of a grain size QTL in the smallgrain sterile rice line Zhuo201S

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第7期23卷 2155-2163页

作者： Bin Lei Jiale Shao Feng Zhang Jian Wang Yunhua Xiao Zhijun Cheng Wenbang Tang Jianmin Wan college of agronomy Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement/Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice Hunan Hybrid Rice Research CenterChangsha 410125China

The development and application of the small-grain rice sterile line Zhuo201S(Z201S)has demonstrated its potential for mechanized hybrid rice seed production,leading to significant cost ***,the molecular mechanism responsible for the small-grain size characteristic of Z201S remains *** this study,we conducted a genetic analysis using near-isogenic lines constructed from Z210S,a small-grain rice sterile line,and R2115,a normal-grain *** results revealed that the small-grain trait in Z201S is governed by a single partially dominant gene which also enhances grain *** mapping,we localized the causal gene to the short arm of chromosome 2,within a 113 kb physical region delimited by the molecular markers S2-4-1 and *** analysis and gene expression assays indicated LOC_Os02g14760 as the most likely candidate gene,suggesting that the small-grain size trait of Z201S is controlled by a novel locus that has not been previously identified.

关键词： rice grain size map-based cloning

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Exogenous application of bio-stimulants and growth retardants improve nutrient absorption and fiber quality in upland cotton

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第2期7卷 137-147页

作者： Al-Khayri Jameel M. Arif Muhammad Kareem Shadia Hama Salih Anwar Adeel Dehghanisanij Hossein Emami Somayeh Yasmeen Azra Aftab Komal Negm Mohamed Department of Agricultural Biotechnology College of Agriculture and Food SciencesKing Faisal University31982 Al‑AhsaSaudi Arabia Water Resources Zone Irrigation Department PunjabD.G.KhanPakistan Department of Biotechnology and Crop Science College of Agricultural Engineering SciencesUniversity of SulaimaniSulaimaniIraq Department of agronomy PMAS-Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindiPakistan Agricultural Research Education and Extension OrganizationAgricultural Engineering Research InstituteKarajAlborzIran Department of Water Engineering University of TabrizTabrizIran Department of agronomy Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultanPakistan Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultanPakistan Agricultural Research Center Cotton Research InstituteGiza 12619Egypt

Background Natural and synthetic plant growth regulators are essential for plant health,likewise these regulators also play a role in increasing organic production productivity and improving quality and yield *** the present study,we have evaluated the effects of foliar applied plant growth regulators,i.e.,moringa leaf extract(MLE)and mepiquat chloride(MC)alone and in combination MC and MLE on the conventional cotton cultivar(CIM 573)and transgenic one(CIM 598).The growth regulators were applied at the start of bloom,45 and 90 days after *** The application of MC and MLE at 90 days after blooming significantly improved the relative growth rate,net assimilation rate,the number of bolls per plant,and seed cotton ***,the combined application of MLE and MC at 90 days after blooming significantly boosted the nitrogen uptake in locules,as well as the phosphorus and potassium uptake in the leaves of both cotton *** application of MLE alone has considerably improved the nitrogen uptake in leaves,and phosphorus and potassium contents in locules of Bt and conventional cotton ***,Bt cotton treated with MLE at 90 days after blooming produced significantly higher ginning out turn and oil *** in combination(MLE+MC)at 90 days after blooming produced considerably higher micronaire value,fiber strength,and staple length in conventional *** The natural growth enhancer,MLE is a rich source of minerals and zeatin,improving the nutrient absorption and quality of cotton fiber in both conventional and Bt cotton cultivars.

关键词： Bio-stimulant Cotton Fiber quality Mepiquat chloride Moringa leaf extract Potassium accumulation Oil contents

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DGK5-mediated phosphatidic acid homeostasis interplays with reactive oxygen species in plant immune signaling

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第7期66卷 1263-1265页

作者： Dian Wang Minhang Yuan Yamei Zhuang Xiu-Fang Xin Guang Qi Crop Research Institute Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Research Center of Wheat and Maize/Shandong Technology Innovation Center of WheatJinan 252100China college of agronomy Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109China National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China

Plants have evolved a complex innate immune system that deploys two interconnected receptor layers to detect the invasion of various *** surface-resident pattern recognition receptors(PRRs)perceive pathogen-or microbeassociated molecular patterns(PAMPs/MAMPs),initiating a basal defense response called pattern-triggered immunity(PTI)(Zhou and Zhang,2020).

关键词： pattern homeostasis immunity

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Combining conservation tillage with nitrogen fertilization promotes maize straw decomposition by regulating soil microbial community and enzyme activities

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Pedosphere 2024年第04期34卷 783-796页

作者： Houping ZHANG Xueqin TANG Quanming HOU Yuanpeng ZHU Zhangheng REN Huanxin XIE Yuncheng LIAO Weiyan WANG Xiaoxia WEN college of agronomy Northwest A&F University Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau Ministry of Agriculture Northwest A&F University Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences

Straw return can effectively improve farmland soil microenvironment and fertility. However, excessive straw in the topsoil adversely affects seed germination and crop growth. At present, the characteristics and key driving factors of straw decomposition in dry farmlands are unclear. Based on the interactions between tillage practices including zero tillage(ZT), chisel tillage(CT), and plow tillage(PT) and nitrogen(N) fertilization, i.e., low N(N1,180 kg ha-1), normal N(N2, 240 kg ha-1), and high N(N3, 300 kg ha-1), quantitative polymerase chain reaction technology and an enzymatic detection kit were used to investigate the effects of key straw C-degrading enzyme activities and microbial abundance in soil on maize straw decomposition during the growth period of winter wheat in the winter wheat/summer maize double cropping system in a dry farmland of the Loess Plateau, China. Between 2018and 2020, ZT and CT significantly increased winter wheat yield(by 10.94% and 12.79%, respectively) and straw decomposition velocity(by 20% and26.67%, respectively), compared with PT. Compared to N1 and N3, N2 significantly increased wheat yield(by 4.65% and 5.31%, respectively) and straw decomposition velocity(by 26.33% and 13.21%, respectively). The partial least squares pathway modelling showed significant positive direct effects of soil moisture, NO3-, NH4+, total N, bacteria, and cellulase, laccase, and xylanase activities on straw decomposition, while soil p H, fungi, and Actinomycetes had significant negative direct effects. Overall, conservation tillage(ZT and CT) combined with N2 was beneficial for straw decomposition in the drylands of the Loess Plateau and improved straw resource utilization and basic soil fertility. The results of the study clarified the key drivers of straw decomposition in dry farmlands and provided new ideas for developing updated soil management practices and adaptive N application strategies to promote the resource utilization of straw and achieve the

关键词： hydrolytic enzyme microbial biomass oxidative enzyme straw decomposition velocity tillage practice

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