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Elevated CO_(2) increases soil redox potential by promoting root radial oxygen loss in paddy field

Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第2期136卷 11-20页

作者： Jie Li Han Zhang Wenyi Xie Cheng Liu Xiaoyu Liu Xuhui Zhang Lianqing Li Genxing Pan Institute of Resource Ecosystem and Environment of AgricultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China college of agriculture Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Soil redox potential(Eh)plays an important role in the biogeochemical cycling of soil *** its effect soil process and nutrients'availability under elevated atmospheric CO_(2) concentration and warming has seldom been ***,in this study,a field experiment was used to elucidate the effect of elevated CO_(2) concentration and warming on soil Eh,redox-sensitive elements and root radial oxygen loss(ROL).We hypothesized elevated CO_(2) and warming could alter soil Eh by promoting or inhibiting *** found that soil Eh in the rhizosphere was significantly higher than that of *** CO_(2) enhanced soil Eh by 11.5%,which corresponded to a significant decrease in soil Fe^(2+)and Mn^(2+)*** elevated CO_(2),the concentration of Fe^(2+)and Mn^(2+)decreased by 14.7%and 13.7%,*** also found that elevated CO_(2) altered rice root aerenchyma structure and promoted rice root *** elevated CO_(2),rice root ROL increased by 79.5%and 112.2%for Yangdao 6 and Changyou 5,*** had no effect on soil Eh and rice root *** warming increased the concentration of Mn^(2+)and SO_(4)^(2-)by 4.9%and 19.3%,*** was a significant interaction between elevated CO_(2) and warming on Fe^(2+)and Mn^(2+).Under elevated CO_(2),warming had no effect on the concentration of Fe^(2+)but decreased Mn^(2+)concentration *** study demonstrated that elevated atmospheric CO_(2) in the future could increase soil Eh by promoting rice root ROL,which will alter some soil nutrients'availability,such as Fe^(2+)and Mn^(2+).

关键词： Atmospheric CO_(2)enrichment Global warming Soil redox potential FACE Rice root aerenchyma

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Spatiotemporal evolution and assembly processes of ammonia-oxidizing prokaryotic communities in 1 000-year-old coastal reclaimed soils

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Pedosphere 2024年第4期34卷 709-725页

作者： Sarfraz HUSSAIN Yifan YIN Senlin LIU Shanshan YAN Dongjie CHEN Hui CAO Feng WANG Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsCollege of Life SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Institute of Eco-Environmental sciences Ningbo Academy of Agricultural SciencesNingbo 315040China

Coastal marshes are transitional areas between terrestrial and aquatic *** are sensitive to climate change and anthropogenic *** recent decades,the reclamation of coastal marshes has greatly increased,and its effects on microbial communities in coastal marshes have been studied with great *** of these studies have explained the short-term spatiotemporal variation in soil microbial community ***,the impact of reclamation on the community composition and assembly processes of functional microbes(e.g.,ammonia-oxidizing prokaryotes)is often *** this study,using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and the Ion S5™XL sequencing platform,we investigated the spatiotemporal dynamics,assembly processes,and diversity patterns of ammonia-oxidizing prokaryotes in 1000-year-old reclaimed coastal salt *** taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity and composition of ammonia oxidizers showed apparent spatiotemporal variations with soil *** null modelling-based analysis showed that across all sites,the archaeal ammonia-oxidizing community was assembled by a deterministic process(84.71%),and deterministic processes were also dominant(55.2%)for ammonia-oxidizing bacterial communities except for communities at 60 years of *** assembly process and nitrification activity in reclaimed soils were positively *** abundance of the amoA gene and changes in ammonia-oxidizing archaeal and bacterial diversities significantly affected the nitrification activity in reclaimed *** findings suggest that long-term coastal salt marsh reclamation affects nitrification by modulating the activities of ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms and regulating their community structures and assembly *** results provide a better understanding of the effects of long-term land reclamation on soil nitrogen-cycling microbial communities.

关键词： ammonia oxidizer beta nearest taxon index coastal salt marshes community assembly deterministic process nitrification rate stochastic process

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Heterosis Analysis in Endogenous Substances in Root Bleeding Sap of Sorghum

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第8期93卷 1963-1980页

作者： Renjie Zhao Yueqiao Li Chen Xu Zhian Zhang Ziyang Zhou Yihan Zhou Zexin Qi college of agriculture Jilin Agricultural UniversityChangchun130118China Jilin Academy of Agricultural sciences Changchun130033China Jilin Engineering Vocational college Siping136001China

Despite hybrid dominance contributing to the genetic improvement of crops,little is known about heterosis and inheritance patterns of endogenous substances in sorghum(Sorghum bicolor(L.)Moench)root bleeding *** this study,six sterile and six restorer lines of sorghum and 36 hybrid sorghum combinations formulated as incomplete double-row crosses were selected as test materials,and heterosis,combining ability,heritability,and their interrelationships of root bleeding sap endogenous substances in different hybrid sorghum combinations and their parents were *** results showed that the root bleeding sap of the F1 generation of hybrid sorghum had a high heterosis in both soluble sugar content and amino acid content at the flowering stage,and the average high-parent heterosis was 129.34%and 74.57%,***-3-acetic acid(IAA),cytokinins(CTK),gibberellic acid(GA_(3)),abscisic acid(ABA),soluble sugar,amino acid,and root bleeding intensity were mainly affected by non-additive genetic effects of the *** protein was affected by additive genetic effects of the genes and had a high narrow heritability(75.50%),which could be selected at low generations in *** combining ability analyses showed that the sterile lines 521A and 170A,and the restorer lines Ji318R and 0–30 were promising parents with high general combining *** analysis showed that all endogenous substances of root bleeding sap were positively correlated with the sum of parental general combining ability(GCA)at highly significant levels,and IAA,CTK,GA_(3),ABA,soluble sugar,amino acid,and root bleeding intensity were positively correlated with male GCA at significant or highly significant ***,the GCA of the restorer lines root bleeding sap endogenous material or the sum of both parents’GCA can be used to predict the performance of wounding endogenous material in the F1 generation of hybrid ***,this study results can help elucidate hetero

关键词： Sorghum heterosis root bleeding sap combining ability heritability

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Regulatory potential of soil available carbon,nitrogen,and functional genes on N_(2)O emissions in two upland plantation systems

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Journal of Integrative agriculture 2024年第8期23卷 2792-2806页

作者： Peng Xu Mengdie Jiang Imran Khan Muhammad Shaaban Hongtao Wu Barthelemy Harerimana Ronggui Hu Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China college of Resources and Environment Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Hubei Collaborative Innovation Centre for Grain Industry College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhou 434025China college of agriculture Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471000China college of Urban and Environmental sciences Hubei Normal UniversityHuangshi 435002China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

Dynamic nitrification and denitrification processes are affected by changes in soil redox conditions,and they play a vital role in regulating soil N_(2)O emissions in rice-based *** is imperative to understand the influences of different upland crop planting systems on soil N_(2)O *** this study,we focused on two representative rotation systems in Central China:rapeseed–rice(RR)and wheat–rice(WR).We examined the biotic and abiotic processes underlying the impacts of these upland plantings on soil N_(2)O *** results revealed that during the rapeseed-cultivated seasons in the RR rotation system,the average N_(2)O emissions were 1.24±0.20 and 0.81±0.11 kg N ha^(–1)for the first and second seasons,*** values were comparable to the N_(2)O emissions observed during the first and second wheat-cultivated seasons in the WR rotation system(0.98±0.25 and 0.70±0.04 kg N ha^(–1),respectively).This suggests that upland cultivation has minimal impacts on soil N_(2)O emissions in the two rotation *** positive correlations were found between N_(2)O fluxes and soil ammonium(NH_(4)^(+)),nitrate(NO_(3)^(–)),microbial biomass nitrogen(MBN),and the ratio of soil dissolved organic carbon(DOC)to NO_(3)^(–)in both RR and WR rotation ***,the presence of the AOA-amoA and nirK genes were positively associated with soil N_(2)O fluxes in the RR and WR systems,*** implies that these genes may have different potential roles in facilitating microbial N_(2)O production in various upland plantation *** using a structural equation model,we found that soil moisture,mineral N,MBN,and the AOA-amoA gene accounted for over 50%of the effects on N_(2)O emissions in the RR rotation *** the WR rotation system,soil moisture,mineral N,MBN,and the AOA-amoA and nirK genes had a combined impact of over 70%on N_(2)O *** findings demonstrate the interactive effects of functional genes and soil factors,including

关键词： upland-rice cultivation N_(2)O emission regulatory factors functional genes

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An ecological perspective on Joseph Rock’s(1884-1962)plant collection activities in China

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2024年第4期17卷 100-113页

作者： Jifan Luo Ruozhi Huang Hai Yan Renwu Wu Shuai Liao Zhoubing Xiang Yongxi Zou Liangchen Shi Ke Wang Zhiyi Bao college of Landscape Architecture Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry UniversityHangzhou 311300China Zhejiang agriculture and Forestry University Landscape Architecture Institute Hangzhou 311300China South China Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China

In the early 20th century,numerous western botanists,often referred to as‘plant hunters’,embarked on ambitious expeditions to China,playing a crucial role in the study of botany and botanical *** their contributions,comprehensive assessments of their explorations are *** bridge this gap,this article focuses on the work of Joseph Charles Francis Rock,a notable figure in that *** work revisits Rock’s botanical expeditions within the broader context of botanical diversity *** outlines his historical experiences in collecting plants in China and enumerates the species composition and phenotypic traits of the plants he ***,it also analyzes the spatial distribution of the species,the completeness of his collection and the α-and β-diversity of the plants he *** findings reveal that Rock led four major botanical expeditions in China between 1922 and 1933,amassing a total of 28184 sheets and 16608 numbers across 204 families,1081 genera and 4231 *** focus was predominantly on ornamental species,which exhibit a variety of flower colors and *** collection work spanned 5 provinces,35 cities and 72 counties,with a notable concentration in the Hengduan Mountains,a current biodiversity *** study not only reconstructs Rock’s botanical legacy but also offers valuable historical data and fresh analytical insights for understanding contemporary plant *** contributes to the ongoing discourse on the importance of preserving plant diversity as a cornerstone of environmental sustainability.

关键词： Joseph Charles Francis Rock plant specimen collection history plant diversity plant collector

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Decreased soil pH weakens the positive rhizosphere effect on denitrification capacity

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Pedosphere 2024年第5期34卷 905-915页

作者： Jun WANG Zongxiang ZHANG Fei LIANG Zhao CHE Yongkang WEN Manyu ZHANG Wenjun JIN Zhaorong DONG He SONG college of Agronomy Anhui Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Arable Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) college of Resources and Environmental sciences China Agricultural University

The stimulating effect of rhizosphere on denitrification is considered to be an unavoidable loss of soil nitrogen（N） and detrimental to crop N use efficiency,which is regulated by crop growth and soil properties. Soil acidification, occurring rapidly in many intensive farming lands, affects both crop growth and soil properties, thereby altering rhizosphere effect on denitrification. However, the mechanism by which soil acidification regulates rhizosphere denitrification still remains unclear. Here, we determined the denitrification capacity（DC） and associated community compositions of nirK-and nirS-type denitrifiers in maize rhizosphere and bulk soils at four acidity gradients（pH = 6.8, 6.1, 5.2, and 4.2）. Results showed that the stimulating effect of rhizosphere on DC strongly depended on soil pH. Compared to bulk soil, rhizosphere soil had significantly higher DC at pH 5.2, but not at pH of 4.2. With increasing soil acidity, the stimulation of rhizosphere on DC（calculated as the difference in DC between rhizosphere and bulk soils） decreased from 8.01 to 0.01 mg N ***, soil acidification significantly reduced the differences in dissolved organic carbon（DOC） and abundance of key nirK-type denitrifier taxa between rhizosphere and bulk soils, both of which were positively related to the stimulation of rhizosphere on DC. These findings demonstrated that soil acidification could weaken the positive rhizosphere effect on denitrification via regulated C availability and associated nirK-type denitrifier community, potentially reducing N loss risk in rhizosphere soil. The independent role of soil p H should be fully considered when modelling N behaviour in plant-soil systems.

关键词： bacterial abundance denitrifier community dissolved organic carbon operational taxonomic unit soil acidification

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Nitrogen deposition mediates more stochastic processes in structuring plant community than soil microbial community in the Eurasian steppe

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Science China(Life sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 778-788页

作者： Wei Yang Shuhan Zhang Ang Li Junjie Yang Shuang Pang Zonghao Hu Zhiping Wang Xingguo Han Ximei Zhang Key Laboratory of Dryland agriculture Ministry of AgricultureInstitute of Environment and Sustainable Development in AgricultureChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China

Anthropogenic environmental changes may affect community assembly through mediating both deterministic(e.g.,competitive exclusion and environmental filtering)and stochastic processes(e.g.,birth/death and dispersal/colonization).It is traditionally thought that environmental changes have a larger mediation effect on stochastic processes in structuring soil microbial community than aboveground plant community;however,this hypothesis remains largely *** we report an unexpected pattern that nitrogen(N)deposition has a larger mediation effect on stochastic processes in structuring plant community than soil microbial community(those<2 mm in diameter,including archaea,bacteria,fungi,and protists)in the Eurasian *** performed a ten-year nitrogen deposition experiment in a semiarid grassland ecosystem in Inner Mongolia,manipulating nine rates(0–50 g N m^(-2)per year)at two frequencies(nitrogen added twice or 12 times per year)under two grassland management strategies(fencing or mowing).We separated the compositional variation of plant and soil microbial communities caused by each treatment into the deterministic and stochastic components with a recently-developed *** nitrogen addition rate increased,the relative importance of stochastic component of plant community first increased and then decreased,while that of soil microbial community first decreased and then *** the whole,the relative importance of stochastic component was significantly larger in plant community(0.552±0.035;mean±standard error)than in microbial community(0.427±0.035).Consistently,the proportion of compositional variation explained by the deterministic soil and community indices was smaller for plant community(0.172–0.186)than microbial community(0.240–0.767).Meanwhile,as nitrogen addition rate increased,the linkage between plant and microbial community composition first became weaker and then became *** larger stochasticity in plant community relative to microbial

关键词： deterministic process environmental change grassland restoration nitrogen deposition stochastic process

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Potential of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for soil health:A review

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Pedosphere 2024年第2期34卷 279-288页

作者： Junling ZHANG Ruotong ZHAO Xia LI Jiangzhou ZHANG college of Resources and Environmental sciences National Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentKey Laboratory of Plant-Soil InteractionsMinistry of EducationChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China college of Agronomy and Life Science Shanxi Datong UniversityDatong 037009China college of Resources and Environment/International Magnesium Institute Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China

Soil health is an important component of“One Health”.Soils provide habitat to diverse and abundant *** microbial diversity and functions is essential for building healthy soils towards sustainable *** mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)form potentially symbiotic associations with approximately 80%of land plant species that are well recognized for carbon flux and nutrient *** addition to disentangling the signaling pathways and regulatory mechanisms between the two partners,recent advances in hyphosphere research highlight some emerging roles of AMF and associated microbes in the delivery of soil *** paper reviews the contribution of AMF to soil health in agroecosystems,with a major focus on recent progress in the contribution of hyphosphere microbiome to nutrient cycling,carbon sequestration,and soil *** hyphosphere microbiome and fungal stimulants open avenues for developing new fertilizer formulas to promote AMF *** practice,developing AMF-friendly management strategies will have long-term positive effects on sustainable agriculture aiming at simultaneously providing food security,increasing resource use efficiency,and maintaining environment integrity.

关键词： arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi-friendly management strategies carbon sequestration hyphosphere microbiome nutrient cycling soil aggregation soilfunctions

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Investigating the Impact of Ocean Acidification on Anti-Stress Mechanisms in Sepia esculenta Larvae Based on Transcriptome Profiling

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第4期23卷 1054-1066页

作者： WANG Yongjie LIU Xiumei LV Tingjin WANG Weijun SUN Guohua YANG Jianmin LI Zan School of agriculture Ludong UniversityYantai 264025China college of Life sciences Yantai UniversityYantai 264005China Yantai Institute of Marine Economy Yantai 264003China

With the rapid development of oil,energy,power and other industries,CO_(2) emissions rise sharply,which will cause a large amount of CO_(2) in the air be absorbed by the ocean and lead to ocean *** growth and development of organisms can be seriously affected by acidified *** esculenta is a mollusk with high nutritional and economic value and is widely cultured in offshore waters of *** are the early life forms of the organism and are more vulnerable to changes in the external *** low pH will lead to some adverse reactions in larvae,which will affect metabolism,immune response and other life *** this study,we sequenced the transcriptome of *** subjected to acidified seawater stress and identified 1072differentially expressed genes(DEGs).The detected atypical expression of DEGs substantiates cellular malformation and translocation in *** under low pH ***,this also substantiates the notable impact of ocean acidification on *** DEGs were used for functional enrichment analysis of GO and KEGG,and the top twenty items of the biological process classification in GO terms and 11 KEGG signaling pathways were significantly ***,the constructed proteinprotein interaction network(PPI)was used to analyze protein-protein interactions,and 12 key DEGs and 3 hub genes were *** reliability of 12 genes was verified by quantitative RT-PCR.A comprehensive analysis of the KEGG signaling pathway and PPI revealed that ocean acidification leads to abnormalities in lipid metabolism in *** larvae,which can lead to cancer development and metastasis,accompanied by some degree of *** results of the study will help to further investigate the physiological processes of *** when stimulated by ocean acidification,and provide a reference to cope with the captive breeding of *** affected by acidification.

关键词： Sepia esculenta ocean acidification protein-protein interaction network transcriptome immunity

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A simple and efficient CRISPR/Cas9 system permits ultra-multiplex genome editing in plants

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The Crop Journal 2024年第2期12卷 569-582页

作者： Suting Wu Htin Kyaw Zhijun Tong Yirong Yang Zhiwei Wang Liying Zhang Lihua Deng Zhiguo Zhang Bingguang Xiao William Paul Quick Tiegang Lu Guoying Xiao Guannan Qin Xue'an Cui Biotechnology Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Genetics Breeding and Multiple Utilization of CropsMinistry of EducationCollege of AgricultureFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002FujianChina Key Laboratory of Biological Breeding for Fujian and Taiwan Crops Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsCollege of AgricultureFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002FujianChina Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125HunanChina School of Biosciences The University of SheffieldFirth CourtWestern BankSheffield S102TNUK Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biotechnological Breeding National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research CenterYunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural SciencesKunming 650021YunnanChina

The development and maturation of the CRISPR/Cas genome editing system provides a valuable tool for plant functional genomics and genetic *** available genome-editing tools have a limited number of targets,restricting their application in genetic *** this study,we developed a novel CRISPR/Cas9 plant ultra-multiplex genome editing system consisting of two template vectors,eight donor vectors,four destination vectors,and one primer-design software *** combining the advantages of Golden Gate cloning to assemble multiple repetitive fragments and Gateway recombination to assemble large fragments and by changing the structure of the amplicons used to assemble sg RNA expression cassettes,the plant ultra-multiplex genome editing system can assemble a single binary vector targeting more than 40 genomic loci.A rice knockout vector containing 49 sg RNA expression cassettes was assembled and a high co-editing efficiency was *** plant ultra-multiplex genome editing system advances synthetic biology and plant genetic engineering.

关键词： CRISPR/Cas9 Multiplex genome editing Assembly system Plant

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