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Identification of Cold Tolerance of Rice Germplasm Resource at Germinating Stage in Cold Region

Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 2008年第2期15卷 1-4页

作者： LIU Hualong SUN Shiche WANG Jingguo ZOU Detang college of agriclture Northeast Agricultural University Harbin 150030 China Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Harbin 150086 China

Total 75 rice varieties （lines） in Heilongjiang Province （or cold region） as germplasm resources were identified for cold tolerance at germinating stage by controlling temperature in artificial incubator. The results showed that the shooting seed rate at the germinating stage could be used as the evaluation index of cold tolerance. The cold tolerance was recorded on 1-9 scale and could be identified by the criteria of five indexes such as highly tolerant （HT）, tolerant （T）, moderately tolerant （MT）, susceptible （S）, highly susceptible （HS）.

关键词： rice cold tolerance germplasm resource identification

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Structural Characteristics of Vessels in Three Families of Cycadopsida

引用

Journal of Life Sciences 2010年第7期4卷 1-15页

作者： Yuyuan Huang Wenbo Liao Xiaoqing Zhong Lijun Wei Hongda Zhang Yuanfeng Lu college of Life Sciences Zhongkai University of Agriclture and Technology Guangzhou 510225 China School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China Guangxi Subtropical Institute of Crops Nanning 530001 China Guangxi Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Guilin 541006 China Agricultural college Guangxi University Nanning 530005 China

The pinna of Cycasferruginea F.N. Wei （Cycadaceae）, pinnas or rachises ofStangeria eriopus （Kune） Baill. （Stangeriaceae）, Dioon holmgrenii De Luca, Sabato ＆ Vazq. Torres, Macrozamia moorei F. Muell. ex C. Moore （Zamiaceae） were macerated and dissociated by Jeffrey＇s technique, rinsed with water, dehydrated and gold-plated for observation with scanning electron microscopes. The results showed that the pinna and rachis of the leaf tissues of the four cycad species possess many vessel elements and a few tracheid elements in the conducting tissue of the xylem. Annular, spiral, scalariform, pitted and reticulate vessels and some transitional types, including scalariform-pitted, scalariform-reticulate and reticulate-pitted vessels, were observed in the conducting tissues. The characteristics of the vessels of each species, and the evolutionary relation of four genera of cycads were analyzed. Compared with those of angiosperms, the structural characters of vessels of cycad are at the moderate level of evolution and more advanced than some primitive taxa of angiosperms and ferns. Vessels have been discovered in many genera of ferns, which are even more primitive than cycads. In many ferns, only vessel elements, but no tracheids are found in vascular tissue. In the present study, the authors discovered vessels in different genera of three families ofcycads which showed that the existence of vessels in primitive plant taxa is a widespread phenomenon. Vessel elements in vascular tissues of cycads have probably allowed cycads to adapt to various environmental stresses and enabled their persistence over their long evolutionary history. Cycads are the most primitive of the extant seed plants and the widespread existence of vessels in the group has broad implications for plant systematics, evolution and comparative morphology.

关键词： Adaptability cycads evolution structural characteristic vessel scanning electron microscopes.

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