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Endoplasmic reticulum stress improved chicken tenderness,promoted apoptosis and autophagy during postmortem ageing

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food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 2141-2151页

作者： Yuwei Chai Lin Chen Shuya Xiang Linxuan Wu Xuebo Liu Jun Luo Xianchao feng college of food Science and engineering Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China college of Animal Science and Technology Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

In this study,endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress inducer tunicamycin(TM)and inhibitor 4-phenylbutyric acid(4-PBA)were used to treat postmortem chicken breast muscle to investigate changes in tenderness and effects on apoptosis and autophagy during 5 days ***-induced ER stress reduced shear force,enhanced myofibril fragmentation index(MfI),disrupted myofibril structure,increased desmin degradation,and activatedμ-calpain and *** addition,TM-induced ER stress increased the expression of Bax,Bim,and cytochrome c,and decreased the expression of Bcl-x ***,TM-induced ER stress improved the conversion of LC3I to LC3II,raised the expression of Beclin-1,and decreased the expression of p62,PI3K,and m *** opposite results were observed after 4-PBA *** results suggested that ER stress could improve chicken tenderness,promote apoptosis and autophagy during chicken postmortem ageing.

关键词： Endoplasmic reticulum stress Tenderness Apoptosis Autophagy Chicken

Solitons and Their Biperiodic Pulsation in Ultrafast fiber Lasers Based on CB/GO

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第8期41卷 28-32页

作者： Zhen-Tao Ju Zhi-Zeng Si Xin Yan Chao-Qing Dai college of Optical Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringZhejiang A&F UniversityLin’an 311300China

The carbon black(CB)is introduced to manufacture CB/graphene oxide(GO)composite material to mitigate limitations of GO as a saturable absorber with the excellent performance in ultrafast fiber *** a central wavelength of 1555.5 nm,the stable mode-locked pulse with width of 656 fs,repetition rate of 20.16 MHz,and high signal-to-noise ratio of 82.07 dB is experimentally ***,experimental observations for pulsation phenomena of vector biperiodic solitons combining period-1 and period-17,period-2 and period-32,period-3 and period-36 are verified via simulations.

关键词： fiber periodic absorber

Design and optimization of torsion harvester of Lycium barbarum L.

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological engineering 2024年第4期17卷 109-115页

作者： Qingyu Chen Shixia Zhang Naishuo Wei Puhang Li Guangrui Hu Jun Chen Yu Chen college of Mechanical and Electronic engineering Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiChina

The production of Lycium barbarum *** a labor-intensive *** manual harvests are required during the harvesting season,which contributes to the high harvesting *** cultivation conditions of *** were investigated to increase efficiency and mitigate harvesting damage.A torsion harvester was designed according to the characteristic of infinite inflorescence and the distribution of detachment force,and the kinematics model of the harvester was *** vibration responses of ripe and unripe fruit were obtained through ADAMS simulation of the branch model,and the influencing factors and value range of the torsion harvester were also *** mathematical models of ripe fruit harvesting rate,unripe fruit harvesting rate,ripe fruit damage rate and torsion angle,vibration rods distance,and vibration frequency were established by the Box-Behnken *** influences of various factors on ripe fruit harvesting rate,unripe fruit harvesting rate,and ripe fruit damage rate were analyzed,and the best parameter combination was obtained:torsion angle 73.66°,vibration rods distance 35.51 mm and vibration frequency 19.12 *** experiment showed that the harvesting rate of ripe fruit is 95.67%,the harvesting rate of unripe fruit is 4.68%,and the damage rate of ripe fruit is 3.70%.The research results can promote the mechanization process of *** harvest,and provide a reference for vibration harvest of berries.

关键词： L.barbarum vibrating torsion response surface method parameters optimization ADAMS RSM

Reasonable grazing may balance the conflict between grassland utilization and soil conservation in the semi-arid hilly areas, China

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第8期16卷 1130-1146页

作者： SUN Hui ZHAO Yunge GAO Liqian XU Mingxiang college of forestry Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China college of Soil and Water Conservation Science and engineering Institute of Soil and Water ConservationNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

Soil erosion caused by unsustainable grazing is a major driver of grassland ecosystem degradation in many semi-arid hilly areas in ***,grazing exclusion is considered as an effective method for solving this issue in such ***,some ecological and economic problems,such as slow grassland rejuvenation and limited economic conditions,have become obstacles for the sustainable utilization of grassland ***,we hypothesized that the conflict between grassland use and soil conservation may be balanced by a reasonable grazing *** this study,a two-year grazing fence experiment with five grazing intensity gradients was conducted in a typical grassland of the Loess Plateau in China to evaluate the responses of vegetation characteristics and soil and water losses to grazing *** five grazing intensity gradients were 2.2,3.0,4.2,6.7,and 16.7 goats/hm2,which were represented by G1-G5,respectively,and no grazing was used as *** results showed that a reasonable grazing intensity was conducive to the sustainable utilization of grassland *** biomass under G1-G4 grazing intensity significantly increased by 51.9%,42.1%,36.9%,and 36.7%,respectively,compared with *** addition,vegetation coverage increased by 19.6%under G1 grazing *** diversity showed a single peak trend with increasing grazing *** Shannon-Wiener diversity index under G1-G4 grazing intensities significantly increased by 22.8%,22.5%,13.3%,and 8.3%,respectively,compared with ***,grazing increased the risk of soil *** with control,runoff yields under G1-G5 grazing intensities increased by 1.4,2.6,2.8,4.3,and 3.9 times,respectively,and sediment yields under G1-G5 grazing intensities were 3.0,13.0,20.8,34.3,and 37.7 times greater,respectively,than those under *** result was mainly attributed to a visible decrease in litter biomass after grazing,which decreased by 50.5%,72.6%,79.0%,80.0%

关键词： fence-controlled grazing rehabilitated grassland vegetation community characteristics soil erosion sediment biocrusts Loess Plateau

Histological,transcriptomic,and gene functional analyses reveal the regulatory events underlying gibberellin-induced parthenocarpy in tomato

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第1期10卷 156-170页

作者： Shaobo Niu Yu He Siwei Yan Zhengliang Sun Run Cai Yan Zhang Shaanxi engineering Research Center for Vegetables College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China

Gibberellin(GA)is one of the major plant hormones that promote parthenocarpy,a highly valuable agronomic ***,we demonstrated that exogenous GA3application triggered the formation of parthenocarpic fruits with smaller size but unchanged shape in tomato(Solanum lycopersicum).These fruits exhibited a thicker pericarp,undeveloped ovules,and few jelly tissues,leading to smaller locules with empty *** investigation showed that GA treatment produced more cell layers with larger cells in the pericarp,suggesting its promotion in both cell division and *** analyses between GA-3and mock-treated unpollinated ovaries/fruits identified a large number of differentially expressed genes related to hormones,cell division,cell expansion,and transcription factors,implying that they coordinately regulated parthenocarpy conferred by *** particular,the downregulation of five reported repressors of tomato parthenocarpy,including two auxin signaling components,AUXIN RESPONSE fACTOR5(SlARf5)and Sl ARf7,and three MADS-box genes,TOMATO APETALA3(TAP3),TOMATO PISTILLATA(TPI),and AGAMOUS-LIKE6(SlAGL6),after GA treatment might play a key role in this ***,we found that the knockdown of a GA signaling factor SlMYB33,which was depressed by GA treatment,induced parthenocarpic fruit set in tomato,an effect that might have been achieved by enhancing GA biosynthesis and decreasing the expression of some repressors of tomato ***,our results provide a basis for understanding the regulatory mechanism of GA in tomato parthenocarpy.

关键词： Tomato Gibberellin Parthenocarpy Histology Transcriptome SlMYB33

Widely targeted metabolomics analysis of the effects of probiotic fermentation on the phytochemicals of kiwifruit juice and prediction of key metabolic pathways

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food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Tian Lan Qinyu Zhao Jiaqi Wang Xiangyu Sun Yulin fang Tingting Ma college of food Science and engineering， Northwest a&f University college of Enology， Northwest a&f University

Metabolomics can be used to identify the changes and metabolic pathways of nutrients and flavor substances in foods at specific processing or fermentation stages. This study revealed the accumulation and degradation of phytochemicals during the fermentation of kiwifruit juice (KJ) by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) through widely targeted metabolomics and explored the impact of different fermentation strategies on the nutritional quality and functional characteristics of KJ. LAB utilized the original sugars， acids， amino acids， and nucleotides of the matrix to produce numerous bioactive compounds， including phenols， organic acids， free fatty acids， and vitamins， while achieving bacterial proliferation and reduced anti-nutritional factors such as alkaloids， thus improving the nutritional and functional properties of KJ. Moreover， compared with monoculture fermentation， mixed fermentation promoted the production of more biologically active phenols and alkaloids， among which vanillic acid and luteolin-8-C-arabinoside were the characteristic metabolites of mixed and mono- fermentation. Subsequently， the metabolic pathways of key metabolites were predicted， including the glycolytic Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway， pentose phosphoketolase pathway， organic acid metabolic and arginine deiminase pathways for improving the acid resistance of LAB， and the phenolic-acid–based phenylalanine and tyrosine metabolic pathway.

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A combination of straw incorporation and polymer-coated urea offsets soil ammonia and nitrous oxide emissions in winter wheat fields

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第5期23卷 1718-1736页

作者： Xiaoyun Wang Yajie Tian Qianhui Zhang Zhengxin Zhao Rui Wang Huanjie Cai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas of Ministry of Education Northwest A&F UniversityYangling712100China college of Water Resources and Architectural engineering Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

The combined effects of straw incorporation(SI)and polymer-coated urea(PCU)application on soil ammonia(NH_(3))and nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)emissions from agricultural fields have not been comprehensively evaluated in Northwest *** conducted a two-year field experiment to assess the effects of combining SI with either uncoated urea(U)or PCU on soil NH_(3)emissions,N_(2)O emissions,winter wheat yields,yield-scaled NH_(3)(/NH_(3)),and yield-scaled N_(2)O(/N_(2)O).five treatments were investigated,no nitrogen(N)fertilizer(N_(0)),U application at 150 kg N ha-1 with and without SI(SI+U and S_(0)+U),and PCU application at 150 kg N ha^(-1) with and without SI(SI+PCU and S_(0)+PCU).The results showed that the NH_(3);emissions increased by 20.98-34.35%following Sl compared to straw removal,mainly due to increases in soil ammonium(NH_(4)^(+)-N)content and water-flled pore space(WfPS).SI resulted in higher N_(2)O emissions than under the So scenario by 13.31-49.23%due to increases in soil inorganic N(SIN)contents,WfPS,and soil microbial *** contrast,the PCU application reduced the SIN contents compared to the U application,reducing the NH_(3)and N_(2)O emissions by 45.99-58.07 and 18.08-53.04%,***,no significant positive effects of the SI or PCU applications on the winter wheat yield were *** lowest /NH_(3) and /N_(2)O values were observed under the S_(0)+PCU and SI+PCU *** results suggest that single PCU applications and their combination with straw are the optimal agricultural strategies for mitigating gaseous N emissions and maintaining optimal winter wheat yields in Northwest China.

关键词： straw incorporation polymer-coated urea NH_(3)and N_(2)O emissions winter wheat yields

N-cycle gene abundance determination of N mineralization rate following re-afforestation in the Loess Plateau of China

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第1期6卷 97-106页

作者： Yaping Zhao Yuqing Zhao Shuohong Zhang Yulin Xu Xinhui Han Gaihe Yang Chengjie Ren college of Agronomy Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Shaanxi engineering Research Center of Circular Agriculture College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

Afforestation effectively improved soil microbial communities and significantly increased soil nitro-gen mineralization rate(Rm).Soil microorganisms drive Rm by regulating soil N-cycling *** nitrification genes had a major effect on soil Rm than denitrification genes after *** the function of forest ecosystems requires an understanding of the mechanism of soil nitrogen ***,it remains unclear how soil N-cycling genes drive soil nitrogen mineralization during *** this study,we collected soil samples from a chrono-sequence of 14,20,30,and 45 years of Robinia pseudoacacia L.(RP14,RP20,RP30,and RP45)with a sloped farmland(fL)as a *** metagenomic sequencing analysis,we found significant changes in the diversity and composition of soil microbial communities involved in N-cycling along the afforestation time series,with afforestation effectively increasing the diversity(both alpha and beta diversity)of soil microbial *** conducted indoor culture experiments and analyzed correlations,which revealed a significant increase in both soil nitrification rate(Rn)and soil nitrogen mineralization rate(Rm)with increasing stand ***,we found a strong correlation between soil Rm and soil microbial diversity(both alpha and beta diversity)and with the abundance of soil N-cycling *** least squares path modeling(PLS-PM)analysis showed that nitrification genes(narH,narY,nxrB,narG,narZ,nxrA,hao,pmoC-amoC)and denitrification genes(norB,nosZ,nirK)had a greater direct effect on soil Rm compared to their effect on soil microbial *** results reveal the relationships between soil nitrogen mineralization rate and soil microbial communities and between the mineralization rate and functional genes involved in N-cycling,in the context of Robinia pseudoacacia *** on the Loess *** study enriches the understanding of the effects of microorganisms on soil nitrogen mineraliza

关键词： afforestation soil N mineralization rate denitrification genes nitrification genes the Loess Plateau

Spatially resolved transcriptomic profiling of placental development in dairy cow

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Zoological Research 2024年第3期45卷 586-600页

作者： Guang-Hui Tan Shi-Jie Liu Ming-Le Dou De-feng Zhao Ao Zhang Heng-Kuan Li fu-Nong Luo Tao Shi Hao-Ping Wang Jing-Yuan Lei Yong Zhang Yu Jiang Yi Zheng fei Wang Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi ProvinceCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China college of Information engineering Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China

The placenta plays a crucial role in successful mammalian *** animals possess a semi-invasive placenta characterized by a highly vascularized structure formed by maternal endometrial caruncles and fetal placental cotyledons,essential for full-term fetal *** cow placenta harbors at least two trophoblast cell populations:uninucleate(UNC)and binucleate(BNC)***,the limited capacity to elucidate the transcriptomic dynamics of the placental natural environment has resulted in a poor understanding of both the molecular and cellular interactions between trophoblast cells and niches,and the molecular mechanisms governing trophoblast differentiation and *** fill this knowledge gap,we employed Stereo-seq to map spatial gene expression patterns at near single-cell resolution in the cow placenta at 90 and 130 days of gestation,attaining high-resolution,spatially resolved gene expression *** on clustering and cell marker gene expression analyses,key transcription factors,including YBX1 and NPAS2,were shown to regulate the heterogeneity of trophoblast cell *** communication and trajectory analysis provided a framework for understanding cell-cell interactions and the differentiation of trophoblasts into BNCs in the placental *** analysis of cell trajectories identified a set of genes involved in regulation of trophoblast ***,spatial modules and co-variant genes that help shape specific tissue structures were ***,these findings provide foundational insights into important biological pathways critical to the placental development and function in cows.

关键词： Spatial transcriptomics Dairy cow Placenta Gestation