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Abiotic transformation of chlorinated organics at the active surface of iron-bearing minerals in soils and sediments

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science China Technological sciences 2024年第10期67卷 2991-3008页

作者： LI XuXin YAN Chen ZENG YuXi LI WenBin PENG TianWei SONG Biao ZHOU ChengYun college of Environmental science and Engineering Hunan University Key Laboratory of Environmental biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University) Ministry of Education

Chlorinated organic compounds are emerging pollutants of widespread concern because of their toxicity, bioaccumulation,persistence, and lack of adequate regulatory measures. Their abiotic transformation, facilitated by iron-bearing minerals, is critical to their natural dissipation in soils and sediments. However, further exploration is needed to understand their underlying mechanisms and potential engineering applications under different redox conditions. This paper reviews the abiotic transformation behaviors and mechanisms of chlorinated organics at the active surface of iron-bearing minerals under anoxic and oxic conditions and summarizes the strategies for enhancing the abiotic transformation efficiency of chlorinated organics. The abiotic transformation rate under oxic conditions can be a few orders of magnitude higher than that under anoxic conditions. Under anoxic conditions, chlorinated organics undergo reductive dechlorination through reductive elimination, hydrogenolysis, dehydrohalogenation, and nucleophilic substitution. A close relationship between the abiotic transformation of chlorinated organics and the production of hydroxyl radicals by iron-bearing minerals under oxic conditions was discovered. Synthetic active iron-bearing minerals, carbonaceous materials, and biological synergy can facilitate abiotic dechlorination under anoxic conditions. Meanwhile, the regulation of redox conditions, the introduction of ligands, and the utilization of coexisting anions are proposed to enhance oxidative degradation. This study is expected to improve the comprehension of the abiotic degradation of chlorinated organics mediated by iron-bearing minerals and provide the theoretical foundation for developing new approaches aimed at addressing chlorinated organic pollution.

关键词： chlorinated organic compounds iron-bearing minerals dechlorination degradation remediation

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Thiol-mediated transportation pathway:an approach for improving tumor penetration of nanomedicines in vivo

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science China Chemistry 2024年第1期67卷 383-389页

作者： Junjie Zhang Weican Sun Xing Wang Senyan Chen Jingying Li Huanghao Yang New Cornerstone science Laboratory Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology(Ministry of Education)College of ChemistryFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350116China Department of Chemistry and college of Biological science and Engineering Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350116China

Abnormal tumor microenvironment imposes barriers to tumor penetration of nanomedicine,which remains a major challenge for effective ***,we present disulfide-based nanoparticles that actively penetrate deep tumors in vivo through a thiol-mediated transportation *** achieve active tumor accumulation in vivo,disulfide-based nanoparticles are modified with folic acid units(FA-DBNPs).It is gratifying that FA-DBNPs still enter cells via the thiol-mediated pathway,which facilitates transcellular transportation and tumor penetration both in vitro and in ***,FA-DBNPs exhibit GSH concentration-dependent depolymerization characterization,indicating that the GSH level in tumor tissues regulates the penetration depth of *** from these advantages,FA-DBNPs showed potent anti-tumor activity in mouse models,leading to the significant regression of *** current study lays a foundation that thiol-mediated transportation is a promising approach in nanomedicine design for solid tumor therapy.

关键词： deep penetration thiol-mediated pathway transcellular transportation solid tumor

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Effect of yttrium and manganese addition on catalytic soot combustion activity and anti-high-temperature stability of CeO_(2) catalyst

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第2期42卷 334-344,I0004页

作者： Yi Zhu Xingyu Liu Wei Shi Jia Li Changbing Ye Ruimei Fang Huifeng Zhu Shanhu Chen Li Lan college of Chemistry biology and Environment Yuxi Normal UniversityYuxi 653100China Institute of biology and Environmental Engineering Yuxi Normal UniversityYuxi 653100China college of Environment and Resources Chongqing Technology and Business UniversityChongqing 400067China college of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal UniversityNanchang 330013China college of Materials and Mechatronics Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal UniversityNanchang 330013China

In order to analyze the influence of the addition of yttrium and manganese on the soot combustion performance and high temperature stability of CeO_(2) catalyst,a series of Y/Mn-modified CeO_(2) catalysts were *** effects of structural properties,textural properties,oxygen vacancies,Ce^(3+),surface adsorbed oxygen species,reduction properties and desorption properties of oxygen species on the activity were analyzed by various characterization *** results of the activity test show that the addition of manganese is beneficial to enhancement of the activity,while the addition of yttrium increases the amount of reactive oxygen species,but decreases the *** aging at 700℃,the activity of the CeMn catalyst decreases most sharply,while the catalytic activity of the CeY catalyst can be maintained to a certain ***,the addition of yttrium and manganese at the same time can stabilize the *** fundamental reason is that yttrium and manganese move to the surface of the solid solution after aging,which increases the reduction performance of the catalyst,thus contributing to the increase of *** the activity of CeYMn catalyst decreases after aging at 800℃,it is still higher than that of other catalysts aged at 700℃.

关键词： CeO_(2)catalyst Soot catalytic combustion Diesel pollution control Rare earths High temperature stability Low temperature reduction performance

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FaSnRK1a mediates salicylic acid pathways to enhance strawberry resistance to Botrytis cinerea

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第1期10卷 131-144页

作者： Jingjing Luo Wenying Yu Yuansong Xiao Yafei Zhang Futian Peng State Key Laboratory of Crop biology College of Horticulture Science and EngineeringShandong Agricultural UniversityTaianShandong 271018China

Strawberry is a major fruit crop worldwide because its nutritional and health benefits to human health,but its productivity is limited by Botrytis *** nonfermentation 1-related protein kinase 1(SnRK1)has a defense function against pathogens,but the function of SnRK1 in the defense response to *** in plants is still *** this study,FaSnRK1a-OE and RNAi fruits were constructed and then inoculated with *** result reveals a positive role of Fa SnRK1a in the regulation of resistance to gray ***1a affects SA content by regulating FaPAL1 and FaPAL2 *** genes related to the SA signaling pathway(FaTGA1 and FaTGA2.1)were significantly increased/decreased in FaSnRK1a-OE or FaSnRK1a-RNAi fruit,***1a interacted with the FaWRKY33.2 protein and negatively regulated FaWRKY33.2 expression,and FaWRKY33.2 acts as a repressor of disease resistance to ***,FaSnRK1a regulates the expression of six PR genes and the activities of antioxidant enzymes to boost defense response after *** *** findings showed that FaSnRK1a increases the resistance of strawberry fruit to *** via SA signaling pathway and interaction with the FaWRKY33.2 transcription factor.

关键词： Strawberry B.cinerea SnRK1 Salicylic acid WRKY transcription factor

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Biochar alleviates apple replant disease by reducing the growth of Fusarium oxysporum and regulating microbial communities

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第3期10卷 657-671页

作者： Yinghao Liu Can Wang Ran Chen Weitao Jiang Yun Li Chengmiao Yin Yanfang Wang Zhiquan Mao college of Chemistry and Material science Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaianShandong 271018China State Key Laboratory of Crop biology/college of Horticultural science and Engineering Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaianShandong 271018China

Apple replant disease(ARD)negatively affects plant growth and reduces yields in replanted *** this study,biochar was applied to apple replant soil with Fusarium *** aim was to investigate whether biochar could promote plant growth and alleviate apple replant disease by reducing the growth of harmful soil microorganisms,changing soil microbial community structure and improving the soil *** experiment included five treatments:apple replant soil(CK),methyl bromide fumigation apple replant soil(FM),replant soil with biochar addition(2%),replant soil with *** spore solution(8×10^(7)spores·mL^(-1)),and replant soil with biochar and *** spore solution *** biomass,the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the leaves and roots,and soil environmental variables were *** community composition and community structure were analyzed using 16SrDNA and ITS2 gene *** significantly reduced the abundance of *** and increased soil microbial diversity and *** also increased the soil enzyme activities(urease,invertase,neutral phosphatase,and catalase),the biomass(plant height,fresh weight,dry weight)and the activity of antioxidant enzymes(superoxide dismutase,peroxidase,and catalase).The root indexes of apple seedlings was also increased in replant soil by *** sum,biochar promoted the growth of plants,improved the replant soil environment,and alleviated apple replant disease.

关键词： Biochar Fusarium oxysporum Apple replant disease Soil environment

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A Brief Overview of the Development and Significance of Modern Scientific Medicine in China:Take Chinese Academy of Medical science and Peking Union Medical college as an Example

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Chinese Medical sciences Journal 2024年第2期39卷 140-143页

作者： Pu-An Cui Zhe-Xi Gong Zhong He School of Humanities and Social sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Science&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China

Since the early 20th century,China has gradually established a clinical,educational,and research system centered around modern scientific medicine,which has now become the dominant force in China's medical and health system and services,with the construction and development of the Chinese Academy of Medical sciences and Peking Union Medical college as the most prominent *** scientific medicine in the new era requires close cooperation across multiple disciplines and fields to build a high-quality and efficient medical and health service *** also involves combining the excellent traditional Chinese culture with Western medicine to explore a unique path of modern scientific medicine with Chinese characteristics.

关键词： modern scientific medicine cultural confidence multiple view

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Practical cloud storage auditing using serverless computing

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science China(Information sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 33-47页

作者： Fei CHEN Jianquan CAI Tao XIANG Xiaofeng LIAO college of Computer science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University college of Computer science Chongqing University

Cloud storage auditing research is dedicated to solving the data integrity problem of outsourced storage on the cloud. In recent years, researchers have proposed various cloud storage auditing schemes using different techniques. While these studies are elegant in theory, they assume an ideal cloud storage model;that is, they assume that the cloud provides the storage and compute interfaces as required by the proposed schemes. However, this does not hold for mainstream cloud storage systems because these systems only provide read and write interfaces but not the compute interface. To bridge this gap, this work proposes a serverless computing-based cloud storage auditing system for existing mainstream cloud object storage. The proposed system leverages existing cloud storage auditing schemes as a basic building block and makes two adaptations. One is that we use the read interface of cloud object storage to support block data requests in a traditional cloud storage auditing scheme. Another is that we employ the serverless computing paradigm to support block data computation as traditionally required. Leveraging the characteristics of serverless computing, the proposed system realizes economical, pay-as-you-go cloud storage auditing. The proposed system also supports mainstream cloud storage upper layer applications(e.g., file preview) by not modifying the data formats when embedding authentication tags for later auditing. We prototyped and open-sourced the proposed system to a mainstream cloud service, i.e., Tencent Cloud. Experimental results show that the proposed system is efficient and promising for practical use. For 40 GB of data, auditing takes approximately 98 s using serverless computation. The economic cost is 120.48 CNY per year, of which serverless computing only accounts for 46%. In contrast, no existing studies reported cloud storage auditing results for real-world cloud services.

关键词： cloud storage auditing serverless computing object storage usability

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Unveiling the Nexus the link between water quality index and phthalic acid ester concentrations in Tigris River

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Emerging Contaminants 2024年第1期10卷 108-116页

作者： Shaymaa Arif Shukur Fikrat M.Hassan Saad Sabah Fakhry Department of biology College of Science for WomenUniversity of BaghdadIraq Ministry of science and Technology/Food Contamination Research Center Iraq

Monitoring water quality in an aquatic system is a crucial objective in pursuing sustainable development,despite the challenges posed by water scarcity and the impact of climate *** objective of the present study was to examine the water quality of the Tigris River along its course from the point of entry into Baghdad city to its exit,particularly in the presence of Phthalic Acid Esters(PAEs).In both dry and wet seasons and from five sites of the river,nine environmental factors(Turbidity,Total dissolved solids,pH,dissolved oxygen,Chloride,nitrate,phosphate,sulfate,and Biological oxygen demand)and three PAEs(di-n-butyl phthalate(DBP),di-isononyl phthalate(DiNP),and di-2-ethyl hexyl phthalate(DEHP))were *** revealed that the river has high levels of turbidity and Total dissolved solids,slightly alkaline,and well-aerated(dissolved oxygen>7 mg/L).Chloride,nitrate,phosphate,and sulfate values varied between seasons,as high values were recorded in the wet *** oxygen demand levels were higher during the dry *** highest value of total PAEs(2.20μg/L)was observed during the dry season,and the lowest value was in the wet season(1.16μg/L).The HQ results revealed that the river was ranked as a moderate risk *** the water quality index and environmental risk index classified the water quality as a poor category,with a high-risk score in the study sites within Baghdad ***,despite the acceptable limit of PAEs in the river's water(<3μg/L),its presence is an early alarm to withdraw attention to its environmental *** findings highlight the need for appropriate measures to control and remove pollutants to ensure a safe and healthy water supply in the Tigris River.

关键词： Phthalic acid esters di-n-butyl phthalate(DBP) di-isononyl phthalate(DiNP) di-2-ethyl hexyl phthalate(DEHP) Environmental risk index Tigris River Water pollution

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STDNet: A Spatio-Temporal Decomposition Neural Network for Multivariate Time Series Forecasting

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Tsinghua science and Technology 2024年第4期29卷 1232-1247页

作者： Zhuolun Jiang Zefei Ning Hao Miao Li Wang college of Computer science and Technology(college of Data science) Taiyuan University of TechnologyJinzhong 030600China

Long-term multivariate time series forecasting is an important task in engineering applications. It helps grasp the future development trend of data in real-time, which is of great significance for a wide variety of fields. Due to the non-linear and unstable characteristics of multivariate time series, the existing methods encounter difficulties in analyzing complex high-dimensional data and capturing latent relationships between multivariates in time series, thus affecting the performance of long-term prediction. In this paper, we propose a novel time series forecasting model based on multilayer perceptron that combines spatio-temporal decomposition and doubly residual stacking, namely Spatio-Temporal Decomposition Neural Network (STDNet). We decompose the originally complex and unstable time series into two parts, temporal term and spatial term. We design temporal module based on auto-correlation mechanism to discover temporal dependencies at the sub-series level, and spatial module based on convolutional neural network and self-attention mechanism to integrate multivariate information from two dimensions, global and local, respectively. Then we integrate the results obtained from the different modules to get the final forecast. Extensive experiments on four real-world datasets show that STDNet significantly outperforms other state-of-the-art methods, which provides an effective solution for long-term time series forecasting.

关键词： time series forecasting multivariate time series spatio-temporal decomposition

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Improving Video Watermarking through Galois Field GF(2^(4)) Multiplication Tables with Diverse Irreducible Polynomials and Adaptive Techniques

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 1423-1442页

作者： Yasmin Alaa Hassan Abdul Monem S.Rahma Department of Computer science College of ScienceUniversity of BaghdadBaghdadIraq Department of Computer science College of ScienceAl-Maarif University CollegeAl-AnbarIraq

Video watermarking plays a crucial role in protecting intellectual property rights and ensuring content *** study delves into the integration of Galois Field(GF)multiplication tables,especially GF(2^(4)),and their interaction with distinct irreducible *** primary aim is to enhance watermarking techniques for achieving imperceptibility,robustness,and efficient execution *** research employs scene selection and adaptive thresholding techniques to streamline the watermarking *** selection is used strategically to embed watermarks in the most vital frames of the video,while adaptive thresholding methods ensure that the watermarking process adheres to imperceptibility criteria,maintaining the video's visual ***,careful consideration is given to execution time,crucial in real-world scenarios,to balance efficiency and *** Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio(PSNR)serves as a pivotal metric to gauge the watermark's imperceptibility and video *** study explores various irreducible polynomials,navigating the trade-offs between computational efficiency and watermark *** parallel,the study pays careful attention to the execution time,a paramount consideration in real-world scenarios,to strike a balance between efficiency and *** comprehensive analysis provides valuable insights into the interplay of GF multiplication tables,diverse irreducible polynomials,scene selection,adaptive thresholding,imperceptibility,and execution *** evaluation of the proposed algorithm's robustness was conducted using PSNR and NC metrics,and it was subjected to assessment under the impact of five distinct attack *** findings contribute to the development of watermarking strategies that balance imperceptibility,robustness,and processing efficiency,enhancing the field's practicality and effectiveness.

关键词： Video watermarking galois field irreducible polynomial multiplication table scene selection adaptive thresholding

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