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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第43期20卷 16323-16333页

作者： Christina M Marciniak Santiago Toledo Jungwhalia Lee Michael Jesselson Jillian Bateman Benjamin Grover Joy Tierny Department of Physical medicine and Rehabilitation School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIL 60611United States Department of Preventive medicine Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIL 60611United States University of Chicago Medical Center ChicagoIL 60637United States The Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago ChicagoIL 60611United States Chicago college of osteopathic medicine ChicagoIL 60515United States

AIM: To investigate the efficacy of lubiprostone compared to Senna on bowel symptoms and constipation in post-operative orthopedic patients treated with opioids.

关键词： Constipation Opioids Lubiprostone Senna Orthopedics Rehabilitation

In-VitroEffect of Steroids on Melanoma Cell Growth—A Prelude to Melanoma Treatment?

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2018年第4期9卷 338-350页

作者： Pandurangan Ramaraj Department of Biochemistry Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine A.T. Still University Kirksville USA

Skin is not only a target organ for various sex steroids and hormones, but also an endocrine organ, which produces sex steroids. It has been suggested by Nikolakis et al. that impairment in skin steroidogenesis may result in inflammatory or autoimmune or other skin disorders. Melanoma is one such skin disease or disorder, which is believed to be caused by UV rays. But, epidemiological, clinical, in-vivo and in-vitro studies suggested the involvement of steroids in the regulation of melanoma growth. However, these studies either did not identify the steroid involved or did not relate to the protective function of the steroid in menstruating females in melanoma, as reported by the clinical studies. In this context, our studies with mouse and human melanoma cell lines showed that female sex steroid progesterone not only inhibited melanoma cell growth, but also affected adhesion and migration functions. In addition, our studies also showed that the effect of progesterone was not a toxic or spurious, but a specific effect on melanoma cells. Hence, our in-vitro studies along with previous other studies subscribed to the idea proposed earlier by Slominski et al. that modulation of local steroids could be a new therapeutic approach for treatment of skin disease or disorder, melanoma.

关键词： Steroids in Skin Steroids Action on Melanoma Cells Progesterone Treatment Melanoma Cell Growth

Multifaceted role of TNF-α during the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2013年第10期4卷 937-940页

作者： Ramanjaneya V. R. Mula Rangaiah Shashidharamurthy Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine School of Pharmacy Suwanee USA

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) a cytokine has been shown to be the key player during the pathogenesis of several autoimmune inflammatory disorders (presumably sterile inflammation) including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Several studies have shown that TNF-α is mainly involved in the proinflammatory responses. However recent studies have reported multifunctional role of TNF-α during the development of RA. Therefore, in this article we have highlighted the distinct functions of TNF-α during pathogenesis of RA.

关键词： Cytokines Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Rheumatoid Arthritis Inflammation

Use of technology and social media in dementia care:Current and future directions

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2021年第4期11卷 109-123页

作者： Sara Shu Benjamin KP Woo college of osteopathic medicine of the Pacific Western University of Health SciencesPomonaCA 91766United States Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences University of CaliforniaLos Angeles(UCLA)Medical CenterSylmarCA 91104United States

As the population across the globe continues to dramatically increase,the prevalence of cognitive impairment and dementia will inevitably increase as well,placing increasing burden on families and health care *** advancements over the past decade provide potential benefit in not only relieving caregiver burden of caring for a loved one with dementia,but also enables individuals with dementia to age in *** devices have served to improve functioning,tracking and ***,smartphones,tablets and the ubiquitous world wide web have facilitated the dissemination of health information to previously hard to reach populations largely through use of various social media *** this review,we discuss the current and future uses of technology via devices and social media to promote healthy aging in individuals with dementia,and also limitations and challenges to consider in the future.

关键词： Dementia Technology Gerotechnology Social media Geriatrics Wearable technology Health promotion Home health Monitoring

State Scholarship and Loan Forgiveness Programs in the United States: Forgotten Driver of Access to Health Care in Underserved Areas

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Health 2014年第15期6卷 1994-2003页

作者： Karen W. Geletko Robert G. Brooks Andrew Hunt Leslie M. Beitsch Florida State University college of medicine Tallahassee USA Nova Southeastern University college of osteopathic medicine Fort Lauderdale USA University of South Florida college of medicine Tampa USA

State-supported programs providing loans and scholarships in exchange for service in under-served areas provide an important source of financial support for medical students while encouraging them to select careers in primary care. The purpose of this research was to seek a better understanding of these often unheralded but important state sources of support, and learn if they have continued to grow in the twenty-first century. Administrative data were obtained on state-supported programs operating in 2008 that provided financial support to students, resident or practicing physicians, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, certified nurse midwives, dentists, and licensed mental healthcare providers in exchange for service in an underserved area. The authors identified numbers, types of state-supported programs, program workforce strength, and features of state programs. In 2008, 75 state programs, operating in 37 states, collectively had 5113 program participants under contract. Loan repayment programs (n = 42, 56%) were the most common type of state-supported programs. Practitioners signed initial contracts in 2008 totaled 1173, with more non-physicians (n = 681, 58%) signing initial contracts than physicians (n = 492, 42%). Additionally, 2803 practitioners were serving in programs in 2008. Field placement was also slightly greater among non-physicians in 2008 (n = 1433, 51%) than physicians (n = 1370, 49%). State support-for-service programs remains an important source of financial assistance for those willing to make service commitments in underserved areas. Moreover, these programs continue to increase in size, even amidst the economic malaise, and provide an obligated primary care workforce in underserved areas.

关键词： Primary Care Workforce Medical Education Loan Forgiveness Access to Care

In-Vitro Inhibition of Human Melanoma (BLM) Cell Growth by Progesterone Receptor Antagonist RU-486 (Mifepristone)

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2016年第13期7卷 1045-1058页

作者： Pandurangan Ramaraj Department of Biochemistry Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine A.T. Still University Kirksville MO USA

RU-486 is an abortifacient which is used to terminate early pregnancy. It acts by blocking progesterone receptor. In our earlier study with progesterone, RU-486 was used as a progesterone receptor antagonist to find out the mechanism of progesterone action on melanoma cells. Results indicated that the effect of progesterone was not mediated through progesterone receptor. In the course of experiments, it was observed that RU-486 by itself inhibited mouse melanoma cell growth. Further research work with RU-486 showed a dose dependent inhibition of human melanoma cell growth. The mechanism of inhibition of cell growth was due to apoptosis and this effect of RU-486 was neither mediated through progesterone receptor nor glucocorticoid receptor. This in-vitro study suggested that melanoma also could be a target for RU-486 action, apart from breast, ovary and prostate cancers.

关键词： Human Melanoma (BLM) Cell RU-486 Apoptosis Progesterone Receptor Glucocorticoid Receptor

Unusual presentation of gastric cancer during treatment of hairy cell leukemia:Exploring the etiological basis of this rare phenomenon

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Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapy 2023年第2期1卷 146-148页

作者： Shahan Tariq Muhammad Ammar Bin Hamid Nazia Rahman Lindsey Oleary Kristine Wong Aasim Sehbai Department of Hematology/Oncology Regional Medical Center(RMC)AnnistonAL36207USA Department of Internal medicine University of South Dakota Sanford School of MedicineSioux FallsSD57069USA Alabama college of osteopathic medicine DothanAL36303USA

Hairy cell leukemia(HCL)is a rare B-cell lymphoproliferative *** typically present with cytopenia and *** describe the case of a 78-year-old patient with refractory HCL who acutely developed a cystic lesion on the back while receiving moxetumomab pasudotox *** of the lesion revealed the presence of adenocarcinoma,which prompted a detailed evaluation resulting in a diagnosis of stage IV gastric ***,to establish any association between moxetumomab pasudotox therapy and secondary cancer development,a satisfactory number of studies need to be conducted.

关键词： Cystic lesion Gastric cancer Hairy cell leukemia

Molecular Characterization of Bacterial Community Composition in the Rhizosphere of Invasive Plant Species Amur Honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii) in an Urban Wetland Forest

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Advances in Microbiology 2021年第9期11卷 469-487页

作者： Azeem Ahmad Samina Akbar Department of Biology College of Arts and Sciences Marian University Indianapolis USA college of osteopathic medicine Marian University Indianapolis USA

The goal of this research was to determine the effects of the growth of invasive plant Amur Honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii) on the rhizosphere bacterial community composition, and diversity in an urban wetland forest ecosystem. Bacterial communities from the rhizosphere of 5 L. maackii plants and control bulk soils that did not have any L. maackii were investigated at Nina Mason Pulliam EcoLab (NMPE) using a culture-independent pipeline. Bacterial communities were characterized by PCR amplification and cloning 16S rRNA gene fragments following total DNA isolation from the soil samples. Microbial communities associated with both L. maackii rhizosphere and control sites showed high bacterial diversity within each site and taxa unique to individual sites were observed. Phylogenetic analyses revealed 80% of 400 16S rDNA clones were classified as α-, β- and γ-Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Cytophaga-Flexibacter-Bacteroides (CFB) group, and Verrucomicrobia. Members of the Proteobacteria and Acidobacterium represented 66.5% and 14.5% of the clone library, respectively, whereas the remaining bacterial divisions each comprised less than 7% of the clone library. Twenty-five 16S rDNA clones could not be classified into any known bacterial divisions. Statistical analyses showed significant differences in the presence of L. maackii on the proportions of 16S rDNA clones affiliated with Proteobacteria and Acidobacterium, suggesting bacterial community composition and structure does significantly change in the presence of L. maackii. However, sequence-based community analysis and the corresponding lack of intact microbial cultures limit understanding of the potential influences of enriched microbial taxa on plant hosts and their roles in ecosystem functioning.

关键词： Bacterium Rhizosphere Forest Soils 16S rRNA Lonicera maackii

CCL17 exerts neuroprotection through activation of CCR4/mTORC2 axis in microglia after subarachnoid haemorrhage in rats

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2023年第1期8卷 4-16页

作者： Anke Zhang Yibo Liu Houshi Xu Zeyu Zhang Xiaoyu Wang Ling Yuan Cameron Lenahan Chuan Zhang Junkun Jiang Chaoyou Fang Yuanjian Fang Jianmin Zhang Sheng Chen Department of Neurosurgery Zhejiang University School of Medicine Second Affiliated HospitalHangzhouZhejiangChina Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province HangzhouZhejiangChina Department of Neurosurgery Shanghai General HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Biomedical Sciences Burrell College of Osteopathic MedicineLas CrucesNew MexicoUSA Department of Biology Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina

Background and purpose C-C motif chemokine ligand 17(CCL17)presents an important role in immune regulation,which is critical in the pathophysiology of brain injury after subarachnoid haemorrhage(SAH).There is rare evidence to illustrate the function of CCL17 towards *** this study,we try to reveal the therapeutic effects of CCL17 and its underlying mechanism in rat SAH *** SAH rat models were assigned to receive recombinant CCL17(rCCL17)or phosphate buffer saline(PBS).AZD2098 and JR-AB2-011 were applied to investigate the C-C motif chemokine receptor 4(CCR4)/mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2(mTORC2)axis in CCL17-mediated *** elucidate the underlying mechanism,the in vitro kinase assay was performed in primary ***-specific Rictor knockdown was administered via intracerebroventricular injection of adenovirus-associated *** water content,short-term neurobehavioural evaluation,western blot analysis,quantitative RT-PCR and histological staining were *** The expression of CCL17 was increased and secreted from neurons after oxyhaemoglobin *** rCCL17 significantly alleviated neuronal apoptosis,and alleviated short-term neurofunction after SAH in *** addition,rCCL17 increased M2-like polarisation of microglia in rats post-SAH and in primary microglia *** neuroprotection of rCCL17 was abolished via inhibition of either CCR4 or *** CCL17 activated the CCR4/mTORC2 axis in microglia,which can alleviate SAH-induced neurological deficits by promoting M2-like polarisation of microglia.

关键词： CCL17 CCR4 mTORC2

In-VitroDetermination of Biological and Anabolic Functions of Weak Androgen Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) Using a Variety of Cell Lines

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2015年第8期5卷 105-116页

作者： James L. Cox Yingzi Chang Pandurangan Ramaraj Department of Biochemistry Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine A.T. Still University of Health Sciences Kirksville MO USA Department of Pharmacology Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine A. T. Still University of Health Sciences Kirksville MO USA

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a weak androgen and is shown to have anti-cancer, anti-atherogenic, anti-adipogenic and anti-inflammatory effects on mouse, rat and rabbit models. However, human clinical trials data did not support animal findings and were inconclusive. These systemic differences in biological actions between rodents and humans were attributed to the low level of DHEA in rodents. In order to further understand the differences in biological functions between rodents and humans, we resorted to an in-vitroapproach involving mouse, rat and human cell lines to assess DHEA biological and anabolic functions separately and independently without systemic influence. Results indicated that DHEA was effective on mouse and rat cell lines but not on human cell lines, as observed in in-vivo studies. In addition, our in-vitrostudy showed that DHEA was able to induce myogenesis in mouse mesenchymal cells revealing its anabolic function, even though DHEA was considered as a weak androgen. This observation lent credence to the ban on DHEA by IOC medical commission, citing DHEA as an anabolic steroid. These in-vitro experiments suggested that the differences in biological actions of DHEA between rodents and humans existed not only in-vivo at the systemic level, but also in-vitro at the cellular level and thus paving the way to study the mechanism responsible for these differences at the cellular level itself.

关键词： Dehydroepiandrosterone Various Cell Lines Biological Functions Anabolic Function