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Increased presence of effector lymphocytes during Helicobacter hepaticus-induced colitis

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第13期18卷 1459-1469页

作者： Sarah J McCaskey Elizabeth A Rondini Jonathan F Clinthorne Ingeborg M Langohr Elizabeth M Gardner Jenifer I Fenton Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition College of Osteopathic MedicineMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824United States Department of Food Science Human Nutrition Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824United States Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing MI 48824United States

AIM： To identify and characterize drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic （SMAD）3-dependent changes in immune cell populations following infection with He- Iicobacter hepaticus （H. hepaticus）. METHODS： SMAD3/ （n = L9） and colitis-resistant SMAD3＋/ （n = 24） mice （8-10 wk of age） were in- fected with/-/, hepaticus and changes in immune cell populations [T lymphocytes, natural killer （NK） cells, T regulatory cells] were measured in the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes （MsLNs） at 0 d, 3 d, 7 d and 28 d post-infection using flow cytometry. Genotype-dependent changes in T lymphocytes and granzyme B＋ cells were also assessed after 28 d in proximal colon tissue using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS： As previously observed, SMAD3＋, but not SMAD3＋/- mice, developed colitis, peaking at 4 wk post-infection. No significant changes in T cell subsets were observed in the spleen or in the MsLNs between genotypes at any time point. However, CD4＋ and CD8＋/ CD62L＋＋ cells, an effector T lymphocyte population, as well as NK cells （NKp46/DX5＋） were significantly higher in the MsLNs of SMAD3/ mice at 7 d and 28 d post-in- fection. In the colon, a higher number of CD3＋ cells were present in SMAD3＋ compared to SMAD3＋/- mice at base- line, which did not significantly change during infection. However, the number of granzyme B＋ cells, a marker of cytolytic lymphoo/tes, significantly increased in SMAD3＋ mice 28 d post-infection compared to both SMAD3＋/- mice and to baseline values. This was consistent with more severe colitis development in these animals. CONCLUSION： Data suggest that defects in SMAD3 signaling increase susceptibility to H. hepaticus-induced colitis through aberrant activation and/or dysregulation of effector lymphoo/tes.

关键词： Transforming growth factor-J3 Colitis Dro-sophila mothers against decapentaplegic Colon cancer T lymphocytes

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An Atypical Cause of Abdominal Pain in an Elderly Patient

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2021年第3期11卷 370-378页

作者： Yaroslav Andrew Jakymec Cara Sherman Michelle Annabi-Rabadi Majed Samarneh Hanady Zainah Lake Erie college of osteopathic medicine Erie Pennsylvania USA Department of medicine St. John’s Riverside Hospital Yonkers New York USA

Background: Henoch-Schonlein Purpura (HSP), or IgA vasculitis, is the most common vasculitis in children and is characterized by four symptoms: palpable purpura with no concurrent thrombocytopenia or coagulopathy, arthritis/ arthralgias, abdominal pain, and renal disease. HSP does occur in older patients at a much lower frequency. Objective: To discuss the atypical presentation of HSP in an elderly adult and the increased nephrogenic risks that are involved in this patient group. Case Presentation: We present the history, physical findings, laboratory results, and the clinical course of a 74-year-old Caucasian male with an atypical presentation of HSP. Our patient presented with severe gastrointestinal and cutaneous symptoms which occurred after the onset of abdominal pain. Biopsies demonstrated leukocytoclastic vasculitis in the skin and acute inflammation and hemorrhage in the gastrointestinal tract. The diagnosis was confirmed as IgA vasculitis following the renal biopsy. The patient’s symptoms improved with the administration of methylprednisolone. Conclusion: In adults with HSP there is greater concern regarding renal involvement and a greater risk of developing end-stage renal disease compared to children. The importance of recognizing HSP in the elderly is imperative for early diagnosis and appropriate treatment to limit renal damage.

关键词： Henoch-Schonlein Purpura IgA Vasculitis Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis

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Energy Expenditure Differs between Black and White Americans: Implications for Obesity Prevention Research

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2012年第7期3卷 914-924页

作者： Nūn Sava-Siva Amen-Ra Eduardo Velasco-Mondragon Mian Bazle Hossain Yvonne Bronner college of osteopathic medicine Touro University Vallejo USA. School of Community Health and Policy Morgan State University Baltimore USA

Objective: To assess differences in energy expenditure by race and ethnicity using nationally representative data. Results: We confirmed that Blacks exhibit lower resting energy expenditure than Whites—a difference of approximately 150 to 300 fewer kilocalories per day. This finding was significant in each permutation of our analysis—from the simple association of race and resting energy expenditure to our final regression model adjusted for common confounders (i.e. age, gender, income, and education), body fat content, diabetes, thyroid dysfunction, and weight loss in previous year. Further, we found that energy intake did not differ significantly between Blacks and Whites whereas Blacks were found to expend significantly more energy voluntarily than Whites. Blacks and Whites did not differ significantly in bodyweight, though Blacks were found to be leaner than Whites as evidenced by significantly lower body fat content in the former. Discussion: Our findings suggest that if rates of obesity are to be reduced in Black Americans, recommendations would need to encourage lower levels of average energy intake and higher levels of activity energy expenditure than extant in the general populace. In short, Blacks would need to adopt more austere lifestyle regimens relative to the general populace in order to reduce their rate of obesity below present levels.

关键词： Resting Metabolic Rate Race Caloric Intake Bodyweight Exercise

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OnabotulinumtoxinA in the Treatment of Occipital Neuralgia Following Gunshot Injury

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Pain Studies and Treatment 2016年第4期4卷 43-47页

作者： Andrew Ea Terence Gray University of New England college of osteopathic medicine Biddeford USA Mercy Hospital Interventional Pain Center Portland USA

Occipital neuralgia, while typically idiopathic in presentation, is a common form of posttraumatic headache. It is associated with severe pain in the greater, lesser, and/or third occipital nerves, and often accompanied by tenderness or trigger points in the surrounding musculature. OnabotulinumtoxinA (ONA) has been recently utilized in nerve blocks to treat occipital neuralgia, but current literature supporting such use is scarce. We describe a case of occipital neuralgia in a patient following C1 fracture and vertebral artery dissection due to gunshot injury. Successful treatment with bilateral ONA nerve blocks led to an 80% - 90% improvement in pain, with decreased Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scores immediately following treatment and upon follow-up 1 month later.

关键词： Occipital Neuralgia OnabotulinumtoxinA Botox Bupivacaine Lidocaine Gunshot

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Short Review of Ischemia- and Hypoxia-Protective Roles of “Big Potassium” (BK) Channels

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Journal of Biosciences and medicines 2021年第6期9卷 150-160页

作者： John F. Peppin Joseph V. Pergolizzi Alexander Kraus Robert B. Raffa Marian University college of osteopathic medicine Indianapolis USA Pikeville University college of osteopathic medicine Pikeville Kentucky USA Enalare Therapeutics Inc. Princeton USA NEMA Research Inc. Naples USA Neumentum Inc. Morristown USA University of Arizona college of Pharmacy Tucson USA Temple University School of Pharmacy Philadelphia USA

There is accumulating evidence that the subfamily of large-conductance potassium (“big”, “BK”) channels are involved in diverse, and perhaps coordinated, protective or counteractive responses to local or generalized ischemia and hypoxia. Although widely distributed, the physiological differences among BK channels which results from posttranslational modification (alternative splicing) and co-assembly with auxiliary modulatory subunits (β1-4 and γ1-4), bestows localized differences in subunit composition, distribution, 2nd-messenger coupling, and pharmacologic properties. Due to the ubiquitous nature of BK channels and the multiplicity of subtypes, they have many potential therapeutic applications in the maintenance of oxygen homeostasis, cerebro- and cardio-protection, and stimulation of respiration in response to drug-induced respiratory depression. BK channels may also offer other potentially broad and underrecognized promising targets for novel pharmaceutical development.

关键词： Big potassium Channels BKCa Ischemia Hypoxia Respiratory Stimulation ENA-001

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OnabotulinumtoxinA Nerve Blocks in the Treatment of Occipital Neuralgia

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Pain Studies and Treatment 2016年第3期4卷 29-34页

作者： Andrew Ea Terence Gray University of New England college of osteopathic medicine Biddeford ME USA Mercy Hospital Interventional Pain Center Portland ME USA

Occipital neuralgia is characterized by severe pain, accompanied by tenderness and trigger points, in the distribution of the greater, lesser, and/or third occipital nerves. Occipital neuralgia is typically idiopathic, but also is characterized as a common form of posttraumatic headache. Typical treatments include nerve blocks with local anesthetic, nerve stimulation, pulsed radiofrequency, and cryoablation. OnabotulinumtoxinA (ONA) has recently been utilized in nerve blocks to treat occipital neuralgia, with the potential for a longer duration of pain relief than local anesthetic. Our study retrospectively examined 63 patients treated for occipital neuralgia, including 19 with ONA. 80 - 155 units of ONA were administered bilaterally in the surrounding musculature. A total of 61 patients, including 17 of those subsequently treated with ONA, were treated with local anesthetic, using a 1:1 mixture of 0.25% bupivacaine and 1% lidocaine, plus triamcinolone. Patients reported VAS pain scores before and after their procedures, and again during 4-week follow-up visits. Information on opioid use, overall pain relief, and duration of full relief was also recorded upon follow-up. Patients treated with ONA exhibited significant decreases in average VAS pain scores from 4.1 ± 2.6 pre-procedure to 2.1 ± 2.4 post-procedure (p = 2 × 10 -5), and 3.0 ± 2.5 4 weeks later (p = 0.0234). Mean overall relief was 75.8% ± 25.0%. Treatment with local anesthetic suggested equally efficacious reduction of VAS scores;however, treatment with ONA showed a significantly higher percentage of overall pain relief leading to follow-up. Opioid use did not exhibit significant change, regardless of treatment type. Our results support the hypothesis that use of Onabotulinum-toxinA in occipital nerve blocks leads to significant decreases in pain, while possibly exhibiting a longer duration of action than that of local anesthetic.

关键词： Occipital Neuralgia OnabotulinumtoxinA Botox Bupivacaine Lidocaine

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Aberrant expression of Twist1 in diseased articular cartilage and a potential role in the modulation of osteoarthritis severity

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Genes & Diseases 2016年第1期3卷 88-99页

作者： Rosa M.Guzzo Farhang Alaee David Paglia Jason D.Gibson Douglas Spicer Hicham Drissi Department of Orthopaedic Surgery UConn HealthFarmingtonCTUSA Stem Cell Institute UConn HealthFarmingtonCTUSA Center for Molecular medicine Maine Medical Center Research InstituteScarboroughMEUSA Present address:Department of Biomedical Sciences College of Osteopathic MedicineUniversity of New EnglandBiddefordMEUSA

The bHLH transcription factor Twist1 has emerged as a negative regulator of chondrogenesis in skeletal progenitor cells and as an inhibitor of maturation in growth plate ***,its role in articular cartilage remains *** we examine Twist1 expression during re-differentiation of expanded human articular chondrocytes,the distribution of Twist1 proteins in normal versus OA human articular cartilage,and its role in modulating OA development in *** levels of Twist1 transcripts were detected by qPCR analyses of expanded de-differentiated human articular chondrocytes that had acquired mesenchymal-like *** induction of hallmark cartilage genes by Bmp-2 mediated chondrogenic differentiation was paralleled by the dramatic suppression of Twist1 in *** normal human articular cartilage,Twist1-expressing chondrocytes were most abundant in the superficial zone with little to no expression in the middle and deep ***,our analyses revealed a higher proportion of deep zone articular chondrocytes expressing Twist1 in human OA cartilage as compared to normal articular ***,Twist1 expression was prominent within proliferative cell clusters near fissure sites in more severely affected OA *** assess the role of Twist1 in OA pathophysiology,we subjected wild type mice and transgenic mice with gain of Twist1 function in cartilage to surgical destabilization of the medial *** 12 weeks post-surgery,micro-CT and histological analyses revealed attenuation of the OA phenotype in Twist1 transgenic mice compared to wild type ***,the data reveal a role for Twist in articular cartilage maintenance and the attenuation of cartilage degeneration.

关键词： Articular cartilage Chondrocytes DMM Osteoarthritis Twist1

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Free triiodothyronine level correlates with statin responsiveness in acute myocardial infarction

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2018年第4期15卷 290-297页

作者： Wen-Yao WANG Kuo ZHANG Wei ZHAO A. Martin Gerdes Giorgio Iervasi Yi-Da TANG Departments of Cardiology State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Fuwai Hospital National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China Fuwai Hospital National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China Department of Biomedtcal Sciences New York Institute of Technology-College of Osteopathic Medicine Northern Blvd. Old Westbury New York USA Clinical Physiology Institute Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) Pisa Italy

Background Although thyroid hormone （TH） has important effects on lipid metabolism, the relationship between TH and statin responsiveness has never been investigated. We hypothesize that TH plays an important role in statin responsiveness in patients with acute myocardial infarction （AMI）. Methods Consecutive 1091 hospitalized AMI patients in Fuwai hospital （Beijing, China） were enrolled into this current study. The study population was divided into three groups based on the intensity of statin treatment： low-intensity （n = 221）, moderate-intensity （n = 712） and high-intensity （n = 158）. Lipid levels were measured after statin therapy lasting for 10-14 days. The association between TH, lipid profile levels and achievement of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） lowering goals was explored in patients with AMI on statin therapy. Results By general linear analysis, a significant linear trend between free triiodothyronine （FT3） and LDL-C level （linear coefficient r = -0.082, P = 0.001） and FT3 and total cholesterol （TC） level （r = -0.105, P = 0.031） was observed in the moderate-intensity statin group. A more apparent linear trend was detected in the high-intensity statin group （for LDL-C： r = -0.113, P = 0.005; for TC： r = -0.172, P = 0.029, respectively）. However, no significant correlation was observed in the low-intensity statin group. Compared with the low-FT3 group （defined as FT3 〈 1.79 pg/mL）, the OR （95% CI） for attaining a LDL-C 〈 3.0mmol/L was found to be 2.217 （1.001–4.839） in the higher FT3 group （〉 2.95 pg/mL）. The OR （95% CI） for attaining the more intensive goal （LDL-C 〈 1.8mmol/L） was 2.836 （1.014–5.182）. Conclusions Our study reveals that variation in FT3 levels is related to the cholesterol-lowering responsiveness of statins in AMI patients. These findings suggest that low FT3 may be a factor responsible for lack of LDL-C goal attainment and patients’ poor responsiveness to statin treatment.

关键词： Acute myocardial infarction Free triiodothyronine Hypothyroid Statin

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Unicuspid Aortic Valve, an Extremely Rare Congenital Anomaly in Adults: A Systemic Review

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2023年第6期13卷 283-288页

作者： Dilesha Dilangi Kumanayaka Alex Otto Mit Chauhan Vadim Belinschi Noreen Mirza Mohammad Nabil Rayad Addi Suleiman Department of Internal medicine New York Medical College at Saint Michael’s Medical Center Newark NJ USA Department of Medical Education University of New England College of Osteopathic Medicine Portland Maine USA

The most common congenital heart defect is the bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) occurring with fusion of one of the three-valve commissures. A rarer valvular phenomenon is the unicuspid aortic valve (UAV) which has an estimated prevalence of 0.02% in the adult population. Two morphologic subtypes of UAV exist: the earlier presenting, acommissural UAV and the later appearing unicommissural. To better characterize and manage patients with UAVs, a systematic review of this rare phenomenon was performed. The objective of our study was to conduct a systematic review of adequate case studies involving UAV patients to describe patient characteristics, clinical presentation, management, and common sequela featured there within. The mean age of presentation in this review was 35.6 years. When diagnosing UAV, TEE was the most utilized diagnostic modality (65%) followed by intraoperative diagnosis (17%) discovered with valve repair or incidentally during another procedure. TTE was utilized to diagnose only 7% of the cases reviewed likely owing to the difficulty and inaccuracies in identifying UAV with this method that were previously established by multiple series. Interventional options for UAV are balloon versus surgical valvotomy, aortic valve replacement, Ross procedure and aortic root replacement. They are performed on an individual basis and all cases ultimately require aortic valve replacement (AVR) or Ross procedure (to avoid anticoagulation). Aortic root replacement is additionally required if aortic root/ascending aorta diameter exceeds 4.5 cm. In this review, Aortic aneurysm (16%) cases resulted in surgical interventions. There may be a need to implant permanent pacemaker (in 3% - 8%) during AVR when calcified UAV has calcification extending into interventricular septum.

关键词： Unicuspid Aortic Valve Bicuspid Aortic Valve Heart Defects Unicommisural Valve

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Postpartum psychosis in a non-native language-speaking patient: A perspective on language barriers and cultural competency

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General Psychiatry 2019年第3期32卷 159-162页

作者： Tatsuhiko Naito Justin Chin Jun Lin Pritesh J Shah Christine M Lomiguen Primary Care Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine New York City New York USA Psychiatry Holy Name Medical Center Teaneck New Jersey USA Basic Sciences Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine Erie Pennslyvannia USA

SUMMARY Postpartum psychosis is a condition characterised by rapid onset of psychotic symptoms several weeks after childbirth. Outside of its timing and descriptions of psychotic features, minimal research exists due to its relative rarity (1 to 2 per 1000 births in the USA), with greater emphasis on postpartum sadness and depression. With the existi叩 literature, cultural differences and language barriers previously have not been taken into consideration as there are no documented cases of postpartum psychosis in a non-English-speaki叩 patient. Correctly differentiating postpartum psychosis from other postpartum psychiatric disorders requires adeptly evaluating for the presence of psychotic symptoms with in-depth history taking.

关键词： Postpartum psychosis a non-native language-speaking patient cultural competency

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