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Variation in egg and clutch size of the Black Redstart(Phoenicurus ochruros) at the northeastern edge of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

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Chinese Birds 2016年第4期7卷 218-223页

作者： Sen Song Jiani Chen Bo Jiang Naifa Liu School of life sciences Lanzhou University

Background: In birds, the trade-off between the quality and number of nestlings is one of the most important theories of the evolution of life history of birds, which is closely related with climate. We investigated variation in egg and clutch size of the Black Redstart(Phoenicurus ochruros) on the northeastern edge of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in order to explore and test the relation between egg size and clutch size and the rules governing the variation in these two components with climate ***: We monitored each located nest daily to determine the exact laying order of the eggs and measured their sizes. The variations in egg volume and clutch size between 2008 and 2009 were studied by independent sample t tests. The difference in egg volume in the sequence of the laying order was tested by Kendall's W test and we employed Pearson correlations to investigate the relation between egg size and laying order. All statistical analyses were performed with IBM SPSS Statistics, version 19.0Results: In 2008, the mean egg volume of the Black Redstart was 2.40 and clutch size wer± 0.20 cm^3(n e 2.26 = 50), and the mean clutch size 4.90 ± 0.57(n = 11). In 2009, the mean egg volumeation between eg± 0.18 cm^3(n g size and layin= 74) and 5.20 g order(r ± 0.26(n = 15) respectively. We found a significantly positive correl, while egg size was strongly and negatively correlated with clutch size(r = 0.397, p = 0.030) smaller eggs but a larger clutch in a brood in a resource-rich year, w= h-0.274, p ereas large= 0.002). Black Redstarts tend to layr eggs but smaller clutches are produced in a harsh ***: The Black Redstart adopted a "brood survival strategy" to ensure that more offspring could survive. The Black Redstart' trade-off in egg volume and clutch size would guarantee that it will gain maximum benefit in any case.

关键词： Egg size Clutch size Laying order Trade-off Black Redstart Phoenicurus ochruros

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Characterization and Expression Analysis of Starch Branching Enzymes in Sweet Potato

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第9期12卷 1530-1539页

作者： QIN Hua ZHOU Shuang ZHANG Yi-zheng College of life sciences Sichuan University

Spatial and temporal expression patterns of Sbel and Sbe2 that encode starch branching enzyme （SBE） Ⅰ and Ⅱ, respectively, in sweet potato （Ipomoea batatas L.） were analyzed. Expression of both genes in Escherichia coli indicate that both genes encoded active SBE. Analysis with real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction technique indicates that IbSbel mRNA was expressed at very low levels in leaves but was the predominant isoform in tuberous root while the reverse case was found for lbSbe2. The expression pattern of IbSbel, closely resembles that of AGPase S, a gene coding for one of the subunits ofADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, which is the key regulatory enzyme in the starch biosynthetic pathway. Western analysis detected at least two isoforms of SBE I in tuberous roots, those two isoforms showed adverse expression patterns with the development of the tuberous roots. Expression of the two IbSbe genes exhibited a diurnal rhythm during a 12-h cycle when fed a continuous solution of sucrose. Abscisic acid （ABA） was aother potent inducer of IbSbe expression, but bypassed the semidian oscillator.

关键词： sweet potato starch branching enzyme cDNA cloning cDNA expression expression patterns sucroseinduction ABA induction

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In vitro regeneration of Populus tomentosa from petioles

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Journal of Forestry Research 2017年第3期28卷 465-471页

作者： Fang Wei Fang-fang Zhao Bao-ming Tian School of life sciences Zhengzhou University

A reliable in vitro regeneration procedure for Populus tomentosa is a prerequisite for its trait improvement through genetic transformation. We established a systematic protocol for indirect regeneration of P. tomentosa using in vitro petioles of Chinese poplar cultivar ＇fasta-3＇. A high frequency of callus induction （〉97 %） was obtained from isolated petioles cultured on the modified 1/2MS basal medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L ZT and 1.0 mg/L NAA, and the tested calli were subsequently plated on 1/2MS basal medium supplemented with 0.25 mg/L BA, 0.25 mg/L ZT, 0.25 mg/L NAA, 0.01 mg/L TDZ, and 0.5 mg/L KT for efficient regeneration of shoots after being cultured for 6 weeks. The regenerated shoots were vigorously rooted on the tested media supplemented with 1.0 mg/ L IBA and 0.5 mg/L NAA. These results can facilitate genetic transformation of P. tomentosa for trait improvements in future.

关键词： Callus induction Genetic transformation In vitro regeneration Petiole Populus tomentosa

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Mutation signatures inform the natural host of SARS-CoV-2

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National Science Review 2022年第2期9卷 9-12页

作者： Shanjun Deng Ke Xing Xionglei He State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University School of life sciences Guangzhou University

The origin of SARS-CoV-2,the causative virus of COVID-19,has been a mystery since the beginning of the outbreak and has been heavily debated *** of the main reasons for this is that RaTG13,the closest relative found to date [1](in the horseshoe bat Rhinolophus affinis),has only 96.1% nucleotide similarity to SARS-CoV-2 (with～1200 nucleotide differences).

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Organelle trafficking, the cytoskeleton, and pollen tube growth

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2015年第1期57卷 63-78页

作者： Giampiero Cai Luigi Parrotta Mauro Cresti Department of life sciences University of Siena

The pollen tube is fundamental for the reproduction of seed plants. Characteristically, it grows relatively quickly and uni-directionally （＂polarized growth＂） to extend the male gametophyte to reach the female gametophyte. The pollen tube forms a channel through which the sperm cells move so that they can reach their targets in the ovule. To grow quickly and directionally, the pollen tube requires an intense movement of organelles and vesicles that allows the cell＇s contents to be distributed to sustain the growth rate. While the various organelles distribute more or less uniformly within the pollen tube, Golgi-released secretory vesicles accumulate massively at the pollen tube apex, that is, the growing region. This intense movement of organelles and vesicles is dependent on the dynamics of the cytoskeleton, which reorganizes differentially in response to external signals and coordinates membrane trafficking with the growth rate of pollen tubes.

关键词： Actin filaments cytoplasmic streaming microtubules motor proteins tip growth

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Plant Morphogenesis 123: a renaissance in modern botany?

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Science China(life sciences) 2019年第4期62卷 453-466页

作者： Shu-Nong Bai College of life sciences Peking University

Plants are a group of multicellular organisms crucial for the biosphere on the Earth. In the 17 th century, the founding fathers of modern botany viewed the bud as the basic unit undergoing the plant life cycle. However, for many understandable reasons, the dominant conceptual framework evolved away from the "bud-centered" viewpoint to a "plant-centered" viewpoint that treated the whole plant, consisting of numerous buds, as a unit and considered the entire plant to be the functional equivalent of an animal individual. While this "plant-centered" viewpoint is convenient and great progress has been made using this conceptual framework, some fundamental problems remain logically unsolvable. Previously, I have proposed a new conceptual framework for interpretation of plant morphogenesis, called Plant Morphogenesis 123, which revives a "bud-centered" viewpoint. The perspective of Plant Morphogenesis 123 allows us to address new questions regarding to the mechanisms of plant morphogenesis that are important, and technically accessible, but previously neglected under the "plant-centered" conceptual framework. In addition to describing these questions, I address a more fundamental question for further discussion: why do people study plants?

关键词： Plant Morphogenesis 123 bud-centered viewpoint developmental unit life cycle renaissance

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Porcine FcεRI Mediates Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Multiplication and Regulates the Inflammatory Reaction

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Virologica Sinica 2018年第3期33卷 249-260页

作者： Peidian Shi Lilin Zhang Jiashun Wang Dong Lu Yi Li Jie Ren Menglu Shen Lei Zhang Jinhai Huang School of life sciences Tianjin University

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV) shows characteristic antibody-dependent enhancement(ADE) of infection and causes porcine systemic inflammation, which is similar to a type I allergic reaction; however, the role of porcine FceεRI in ADE is still unclear. In this study, the expression of different Fc receptors(Fc Rs) on macrophages was investigated in a PRRSV 3D4/21 cell infection model in the presence or absence of PRRSV antibody. The transcription level of Fcc II and FceεRI was significantly up-regulated under PRRSV-antibody complex infection. Internalization and proliferation of PRRSV were promoted by the ADE mechanism when FceεRI was expressed in permissive 3D4/21 cells and the non-permissive cell line HEK 293T. Transcriptome sequencing data showed that the expression levels of AKT,ERK and other signal molecules in the anti-inflammatory pathway were significantly increased, especially in the cells infected with the PRRSV-antibody immune complex. Inflammatory regulatory molecules such as PLA2G6, LOX, TRPM8 and TRPM4 were significantly up-regulated following PRRSV infection but significantly down-regulated in the cells infected with the PRRSV-antibody immune complex. Our results demonstrated that FceεRI could be involved in PRRSV ADE, the antigen presenting process and regulation of the inflammatory response during PRRSV infection, which provides new insights into PRRSV infection mediated by FceεRI and the PRRSV-antibody immune complex.

关键词： Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) FcεRI - Antibody-dependent enhancement(ADE) Inflammatory response

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Carbon stock and rate of carbon sequestration in Dipterocarpus forests of Manipur,Northeast India

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第2期26卷 315-322页

作者： L.Supriya Devi P.S.Yadava Department of life sciences Manipur University

We examined the carbon stock and rate of carbon sequestration in a tropical deciduous forest dominated by Dipterocarpus tuberculatus in Manipur,North East *** of aboveground biomass was determined by harvest method and multiplied with density of tree *** aboveground biomass was between18.27–21.922 t ha-1and the carbon stock ranged from9.13 to 10.96 t C ha-1across forest *** biomass and carbon stock increased with the increase in tree *** rate of carbon sequestration varied from1.4722 to 4.64136 t ha-1year-1among the dominant tree species in forest stands in tropical deciduous forest *** rate of carbon sequestration depends on species composition,the density of large trees in different girth classes,and anthropogenic disturbances in the present forest *** work is required to identify tree species having the highest potential to sequester CO2 from the atmosphere,which could lead to recommendations for tree plantations in a degraded ecosystem.

关键词： Carbon budget Carbon sequestration Dipterocarpus Biomass Net production

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Diversity of root-associated fungi of Rhododendron simsii in subtropical forests: fungal communities with high resistance to anthropogenic disturbances

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第6期30卷 2321-2330页

作者： Yanhua Zhang Fangping Tang Jian Ni Lijia Dong Lifu Sun College of life sciences Shaoxing University

Species of the Ericaceae or heath family are widely distribute in continental ecosystems and their special ericoid mycorrhizas(ERM)are considered benefi cial to their survival and persistence in variable ***,increasing anthropogenic disturbances and improper forest management are aff ecting subtropical forests of China where these native species *** activities not only aff ect plant communities above-ground,but also impose pressures on microbial communities *** this study,rootassociated fungal communities of Rhododendron simsii in four forest types under diff erent anthropogenic disturbances were identifi ed using an Illumina Miseq platform,i.e.,old growth forests,secondary forests with one cutting(SECⅠ),secondary forests with two cuttings(SECⅡ),and Chinesefi r plantations(PLF).Intra-and inter-annual variations were analyzed by comparing samples taken in diff erent seasons and *** results show that:(1)over 1000 OTUs were found in hair roots with most from the division Ascomycota and Basidiomycota belonging to diff erent functional groups;(2)while there were a few indicator OTUs specifi c to diff erent forest types,seasons and years,the proportion of shared taxa was quite large,accounting for 44.9–79.4%of the total OTUs;(3)signifi cantly positive correlations were found between disturbance sensitivity and temporal variations in common fungal orders,and both in major fungal orders were signifi cantly diff erent among fungal functional groups in which putative and possible ERM fungi were highly resistant to disturbances and low temporal *** high disturbance resistance and temporal persistence of putative ERM fungi may be essential for the successful adaptation of *** in disturbed subtropical forests of China.

关键词： Rhododendron simsii Mycorrhiza Fungal community Diversity Subtropical forests Human disturbance

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Translational challenges in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis therapy with macrophage migration inhibitory factor

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2583-2584页

作者： Leenor Alfahel Aleksandar Rajkovic Adrian Israelson Department of Physiology and Cell Biology Faculty of Health SciencesBen-Gurion University of the NegevBeer ShevaIsraelThe School of Brain Sciences and CognitionBen-Gurion University of the NegevBeer ShevaIsrael

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF):MIF acts as a pleiotropic inflammatory mediator,playing regulatory roles in innate and adaptive immunity,neuroinflammation,neuroendocrine functions,and nervous system development(Matejuk et al.,2024).In recent years,MIF has attra cted significant inte rest from research groups as a potential target for the treatment of various neurodegenerative diseases,including Alzheimer's disease,Parkinson's disease,multiple sclerosis,and glioblastoma(Matejuk et al.,2024).

关键词： immunity sclerosis

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