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Climate Optimum rejuvenates the Mediterranean marine world

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Integrative Zoology 2010年第2期5卷 112-121页

作者： Francis D.POR department of Evolution Systematics and Ecology the National Collections of Natural HistoryHebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael

The Mediterranean,a sea with an already eventful history,is again undergoing an extreme change.A combination of general warming of the Mediterranean Sea and contact with the Indopacific world through the Suez Canal has set the stage for massive changes in the biota that inhabit this *** over a century,tropical species of all taxa have been migrating back into the Mediterranean,suggesting a duplication or restoration of a mid-Pliocene Piacenzian or late Miocene Tortonian *** cases are presented in three major *** is not a serial invasion by individual rogue exotic and damaging species,as often wrongly assumed and *** its unique biogeographic magnitude being recognized,an opportunity to study the progress of this phenomenon is being *** is because of the changed priorities in research,the acute taxonomic impediment and to the geopolitical difficulties in ***,the limitations of the restoration process are defined and a careful future outlook is presented.

关键词： climate optimum Lessepsian migration Mediterranean biota Tethys tropical restoration

Morphological Variability in Vipera palaestinae along an Environmental Gradient

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Asian Herpetological Research 2012年第3期3卷 227-239页

作者： Stanislav VOLYNCHIK National collections of Natural History Department of ZoologyFaculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv University Ramat Aviv 69978Israel

The effect of local habitat conditions on organisms, including environmentally-induced morphological changes, constitutes an important aspect of macroecology and evolution. The degree of geographic intraspecific variation in body dimensions, corporeal ratios and scalation pattern among male and female Palestine vipers(Vipera palaestinae) in Israel were examined. Univariate and multivariate analyses using 20 variable features relating to metric and meristic characters were applied in order to determine the existence of geographic variability in this species. Univariate analysis revealed that the majority of morphological characters possess relatively minor interregional distinctions, with only a few traits demonstrating significant differences. Discriminant analysis of mixed-gender samples using a combination of variables did not distinguish between geographic groups within each sex. The multifactor approach slightly differentiated between samples when sexes were compared separately, but with much overlap. The continuous sampling method revealed no statistically significant relationship between geographic and metric variables across the distribution range. A weak latitudinal cline was observed in snout-vent length, with both sexes being larger in the south. Noticeable temperature-correlated intraspecific variability was found in both body and tail scale counts but not in head scalation features. Generally, both males and females demonstrate the same phenotype-environment correlation. The spatial variations in external morphology suggest that temperature conditions during early ontogenesis may induce quantitative changes in the scalation pattern of V. palaestinae.

关键词： Vipera palaestinae geographic variability scalation pattern temperature-dependent trends Viperidae

Sumixam maximus *** ***.,a New Pennsylvanian Species of Archaeorthoptera(Neoptera;Indiana,USA)

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2011年第3期85卷 515-520页

作者： Olivier BTHOUX Christin GROSSMANN Freiberg University of Mining and Technology Institute of GeologyDepartment of PalaeontologyD09596 FreibergGermany Senckenberg Natural History collections of Dresden Museum of ZoologyD-01109 DresdenGermany Senckenberg Natural History collections of Dresden Museum of Zoology D-01109 DresdenGermany

A new Mazon-Creek-type fossil specimen is described as Sumixam maximus *** ***., assigned to the taxon Archaeorthoptera Bethoux and Nel,2002(composed of Orthoptera and some fossil relatives):it exhibits one of the diagnostic character states of this taxon,which is the fusion of CuA(emerging from M+CuA)with CuP,or a branch of it.A more precise taxonomic assignment is out of *** new taxon exhibits a fusion of the anterior branch of MA with RP,and a point of divergence of MA and MP located near the point of divergence of CuA(from M + CuA),but lack a branching of *** unique combination of character states is probably derived with respect to a number of contemporaneous *** maximus *** *** most likely the closest known relative of the panorthopterans,which include all the recent Archaeorthoptera.

关键词： Insecta Upper Carboniferous Mazon Creek

Summary of East Gondwanan Conodont Data through the Ireviken Event at Boree Creek

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Journal of Earth Science 2021年第3期32卷 512-523页

作者： Andrew Simpson David Mathieson Jiri Fryda Barbora Frydova Archives and collections University LibraryMacquarie UniversitySydney NSW 2109Australia department of Biological Sciences Macquarie UniversitySydney NSW 2109Australia department of Environmental Geosciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague16500 PragueCzech Republic

The Ireviken Event was the first Middle Paleozoic event consisting of synchronised faunal,isotopic and facies change to be *** analysis of the conodont faunas throughout the Boree Creek/Borenore Limestone succession in the central western region of the Tasman fold belt of New South Wales(Australia)revealing all five conodont zones that comprise the event is *** some zonal boundaries are precise,allowing direct comparison of stratigraphic intervals on other paleo-continents,some can only be *** data from pre-Ireviken Event strata,in contrast,only permit the identification of a broad Telychian *** identification of Wenlock post-Ireviken Event conodont zones is incomplete due to lithological variability,namely the presence of tuffaceous beds near the top of the formation and an unconformity between the Boree Creek and overlying Borenore *** Boree Creek Formation contains the only example of the Ireviken Event discovered to date from the Tasman fold belt of eastern Gondwanaland.

关键词： conodonts extinction Ireviken Event Silurian Boree Creek eastern Gondwanaland

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Latitudinal gradients of associations between beta and gamma diversity of trees in forest communities in the New World

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2013年第1期6卷 12-18页

作者： Hong Qian Jong-Suk Song Research and collections Center Illinois State Museum1011 East Ash StreetSpringfieldIL 62703USA department of Biological Science College of Natural SciencesAndong National UniversityAndongGyeongbuk 760-749Korea

Aims We analyze two continental data sets of forest communities from across the New World to examine the latitudinal gradients of beta diversity after accounting for gamma diversity and the latitudinal gradient of gamma diversity after accounting for beta *** Correlation and regression analyses were used to relate beta and gamma diversity to latitude along two latitudinal gradients in the New World(one including 72 forest sites located south of the equator and the other including 79 forest sites located north of the equator).Important Findings Beta diversity and gamma diversity were negatively correlated with *** diversity was strongly and positively correlated with gamma diversity(Pearson’s correlation coefficient:0.783 for New World North and 0.848 for New World South).When beta diversity was regressed on latitude and gamma diversity,69.8 and 85.7%of the variation in beta diversity were explained,respectively,for New World North and New World *** gamma diversity was regressed on latitude and beta diversity,81.8 and 84.3%of the variation in gamma diversity were explained,respectively,for New World North and New World *** statistically removing the relationship between beta and gamma diversity,latitude has weak or no relationships with beta and gamma ***,strong positive correlations between beta and gamma diversity may not be considered as evidence of one driving the other along a latitudinal gradient.

关键词： βdiversity γdiversity community composition latitudinal diversity gradient tree species richness

New records of a genus and a species of Neritidae (Mollusca:Gastropoda:Cycloneritimorpha) from the South China Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2018年第10期37卷 209-211页

作者： CHEN Zhiyun ZHANG Junlong Marine Biodiversity collections of South China Sea/Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences department of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences

A neritid species Vittina pennata （von Born, 1778） is reported for the first time from the South China Sea. This is also the first report of this genus from Chinese waters. The specimen was collected from the Sanya Harbor, Hainan Province, China and deposited in Marine Biological Museum, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Detailed descriptions of its shell feature are presented. Differences between this species, Vittina coromandeliana and Neritina pulligera are compared and discussed.

关键词： Gastropoda Neritidae Vittina Vittina pennata new record China seas

Planaxidae(Mollusca, Gastropoda) from the South China Sea

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2018年第2期36卷 548-555页

作者： CHEN Zhiyun ZHANG Junlong LIAN Xiping TAN Yehui Marine Biodiversity collections of South China Sea~Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Biology South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510301 China department of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China

Abstract Planaxidae is a family of tropical and subtropical marine gastropods that are adapted to an intertidal, rocky environment. The present study deals with three species in the family Planaxidae from the South China Sea： Planaxis sulcatus （von Born, 1778）, Angiola longispira （Smith, 1872）, and Supplanaxis niger （Quoy and Gaimard, 1833）, based on specimens deposited in the Marine Biodiversity collections of the South China Sea, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The taxonomic status, main morphological characteristics of the shell and radula, distribution, and habitat of these three planaxid species are presented. We also briefly discuss their morphological differences and the biogeographic distribution.

关键词： Planaxidae Planaxis sulcatus Angiola longispira Supplanaxis niger radula South China Sea

Kinematics of whip spider pedipalps: a 3D comparative morpho-functional approach

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第1期17卷 156-167页

作者： Michel SCHMIDT Roland R.MELZER Russell D.C.BICKNELL Bavarian State Collection of Zoology Bavarian Natural History CollectionsMunichGermany department Biology II Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenMunichGermany GeoBio-Center Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenMunichGermany Palaeoscience Research Centre School of Environmental and Rural ScienceUniversity of New EnglandArmidaleAustralia

Amblypygi are tropical and subtropical ambush predators that use elongated,raptorial pedipalps for different *** pedipalp use in predation and courtship has been explored in videography in vivo analyses,kinematic ex vivo examination of these appendages has not been ***,we rectify this lack of data by using microCT scans to 3D-kinematically model the appendage morphology and the range of motion(ROM)of the joints for Damon medius and Heterophrynus *** illustrate the successful application of this technique to terrestrial euarthropods in determining the maximum ROM values for each pedipalp *** also note that,in life,these values would be lower due to motion restricting structures like tendons,arthrodial membranes,and *** further compare our maximum values obtained here with data from video-based motion *** ROM of each joint shows the greatest flexibility in the femur-tibia joint(140–150°),the lowest in the basitarsus-claw joint(35–40°).ROM in the tibia-basitarsus joint is markedly distinct(***:44°;***:105°).This disparity reflects how *** uses the joint in the capture basket,while *** uses the femur-tibia joint to form the capture *** further illustrate notable vertical motion of the *** pedipalp compared to *** difference reflects the retro-ventral trochanter apophysis of *** study opens the possibility to further whip spider kinematic *** of other taxa using this approach will result in a more comprehensive understanding of the ecological significance and ethological implications of this unique arachnid group.

关键词： 3D kinematic analyses Amblypygi arthropod joints Autodesk Maya Damon medius Heterophrynus elaphus range of motion analyses

Seasonal fires shape the germinable soil seed bank community in eastern Mediterranean woodlands

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2022年第1期15卷 13-25页

作者： Neta Manela Hagai Shemesh Yagil Osem Yohay Carmel Chanoch Soref Anat Tsafrir Ofer Ovadia department of Life Sciences Ben-Gurion University of the NegevBeer-ShevaIsrael The National Herbarium National Natural History CollectionsThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael department of Environmental Sciences Tel-Hai CollegeQiryat ShemonaIsrael department of Natural Resources Institute of Plant SciencesAgricultural Research OrganizationVolcani CenterRishon LeTsiyonIsrael Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Technion-Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael Judean Mountains Forest Region KKL Givat YeshiayahIsrael

We explored if and how seasonal fires interact with microhabitat type(*** Pistacia shrub,under Cistus shrub or a canopy gap)to influence the composition of the germinable soil seed bank(GSSB)community in a typical eastern Mediterranean *** conducted a field experiment,involving prescribed spring and autumn burns,and thereafter quantified the seed germination patterns using soil samples collected from both burned and adjacent unburned control *** temperature was significantly higher during autumn burns,while being more variable during spring *** caused overall reductions in GSSB density,richness and *** reductions in GSSB richness and diversity were significantly stronger under Pistacia and Cistus shrubs located within plots subjected to autumn burns,and these patterns were mainly evident among *** density of dwarf shrubs was higher in samples collected from burned plots,and this pattern was more pronounced in samples collected under Pistacia and Cistus *** with the appearance of unique species,seasonal fires led to significant changes in the composition of the GSSB *** results illustrate that seasonal fires interact with spatial heterogeneity to influence the composition of the GSSB community mostly via differential effects on the germination densities of annuals and dwarf *** findings imply that the increase in the frequency of seasonal fires,which has occurred in the eastern Mediterranean basin during the last few decades,may translate into a shift in eco-evolutionary selection pressures,operating on plants inhabiting this unique ecosystem.

关键词： fire season germination Mediterranean woodlands microhabitat soil seed bank