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业余活动与认知功能障碍的风险:重庆老龄化研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2006年第9期2卷 13-13页

作者： Wang J. Y. J. Zhou D. H. D. Li J. 谢琰臣(译) 不详 Second Department of neurology Daping Hospital No. 10 Changjiang Branch Road Daping Chongqing 400042 China

The authors followed 5,437 people aged 55 years and older with normal baseline Mini-Mental State Examination score annually for 5 years. The mean incidence of cognitive impairment was 2.3%per year. cognitive activities in both the individual item (playing board games and reading) and the composite measure were associated with the reduced risk of cognitive impairment, while watching television was associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment.

关键词：认知功能障碍风险业余活动老龄化简易精神状态检查重庆随访研究量表评分

运动功能减退和运动徐缓在亨廷顿病患者步态障碍中的作用:一项生物力学研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2006年第6期2卷 27-27页

作者： Delval A. Krystkowiak P. Blatt J.-L. L. Defebvre 张殿增 Department of neurology and Movement Disorders Hospital R. Salengro Regional University Hospital 59037 Lille Cedex France

Objective: To evaluate specific patterns of locomotion in Huntington’s disease (HD) and notably the respective roles of hypokinesia (i. e. a decrease in the amplitude of movement) and bradykinesia (i. e. difficulty in executing a movement, slowness) in gait disturbance. Methods: Kinematic, spatial (stride length, speed), temporal (cadence, speed, and stride time) and angular gait parameters (jo int ankle range) were recorded in 15 early-stage HD patients by means of a video motion analysis system and then compared with 15 controls and 15 Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. Hypokinesia was studied in terms of both spatial (decrease in stride length) and angular gait parameters (decrease in joint ankle range), whereas hyperkinesia was characterized by an increase in joint ankle range. Bradykinesia (defined by a decrease in gait velocity) was also assessed in terms of temporal parameters (cadence, stride time). We studied the influence of clinical symptoms (motor dysfunction, chorea, overall disability and cognitive impairment) and the CAG repeat number on gait abnormalities. Results: we observed a clear decrease in gait speed, a decrease in cadence and an increase in stride time (i. e. bradykinesia) for HD, with significant intra-individual variability. Cadence remained normal in PD. In HD, there was no evidence for a clear decrease in stride length, although the latter is a characteristic feature of hypokinetic gait (such as that observed in PD). Angle analysis revealed the coexistence of hyperkinesia and hypokinesia in HD, which thus participate in gait abnormalities. Gait speed in HD was correlated to the motor part of the UHDRS. Conclusion: Gait in HD is mainly characterized by a timing disorder: bradykinesia was present, with severe intra-individual variability in temporal gait parameters.

关键词：运动功能减退步态障碍亨廷顿病生物力学研究关节活动范围时间参数步行速度运动功能障碍认知功能障碍

无残疾老年人的小血管病变和总体认知功能:LADIS研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2006年第3期2卷 39-39页

作者： Van Der Flier W.M. Van Straaten E.C.W. Barkhof F. 谢琰臣 Department of neurology Alzheimer Center Vrije Universiteit Medical Center PO Box 7057 1007 MB Amsterdam Netherlands

Background and Purpose -On cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and lacunes are generally viewed as evidence of small vessel disease. The clinical significance of small vessel disease in terms of global cognitive function has as yet not been completely clarified. We investigated the independent contribution of WMH and lacunes to general cognitive function in a group of independently living elderly with varying degrees of small vessel disease. Methods -Data were drawn from the multicenter, multinational Leukokraurosis and Disability (LADIS) study. There were 633 independently living participants. General cognitive function was assessed using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the modified Alzheimer Disease Assessment Scale (ADAS). On MRI, WMH was rated as mild, moderate, or severe. Lacunes were rated as none, few (1 to 3), or many (4 or more). Results -In the basic analysis, increasing severity of both WMH and lacunes was related to deteriorating score on the MMSE and ADAS. When WMH and lacunes were entered simultaneously, both MRI measures remained significantly associated with MMSE score. Increasing severity of WMH remained associated with ADAS score, whereas the association with lacunes became less prominent. These associations were independent of other risk factors for dementia, like education, depression, vascular risk factors, or stroke. Conclusion -We fo und WMH and lacunes to be independently associated with general cognitive functi on in a sample of independently living elderly. These results highlight the fact that WMH and lacunes should both be evaluated when assessing small vessel disea se in relation to cognitive function.

关键词：认知功能 LADIS 小血管病变独立生活能力脑白质疏松症阿尔茨海默病血管危险因素磁共振成像

International study of the Complex Stress Reaction Syndrome:Implications for transdiagnostic clinical practice

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2023年第10期13卷 803-815页

作者： Sari Goldstein Ferber Aron Weller Adele M Hayes Tracy D Vannorsdall Yaroup Ajlouni Mo'nes Qudah Gil Zalsman Gal Shoval Tommaso Benedetto Jannini Racquel Fiedler Lily X Chen Danielle R Shayani Elin Kachuki Dory Dana Stolowicz-Melman Connor Evans Megan Trow Giorgio Di Lorenzo Rodolfo Rossi Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences University of DelawareNewarkDE 19716United States Department of Psychology Bar Ilan UniversityRamat Gan 5290002Israel Department of Psychology and The Gonda Brain Research Center Bar Ilan UniversityRamat Gan 5290002Israel Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Department of NeurologyThe Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21287United States Jordan Health Aid-International Amman 1234Jordan Geha Mental Health Center Petah TiqvaIsrael and Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityRamat Aviv 6997801Israel Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology Department of PsychiatryColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10032United States Department of Neuroscience Princeton UniversityPrincetonNJ 08544United States Department of Systems Medicine Tor Vergata University of RomeRome 00133Italy UNSW School of Psychology UNSW SydneySydney 2052Australia Department of Biology Pacific UniversityForest GroveOR 97116United States Oregon Chapter of Fulbright Association OregonOR 97045United States Department of Systems Medicine Tor Vergata University of RomeRome 00179Italy IRCCS Fondazione Santa LuciaRome 00179Italy

BACKGROUND The debate regarding diagnostic classification systems in psychiatry(categorial vs dimensional systems)has essential implications for the diagnosis,prevention and treatment of stress *** previously found a unique pattern of stress reaction in a study executed during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic using large representative samples in two countries,and termed it the Complex Stress Reaction Syndrome(CSRS).AIM To investigate CSRS,Type A(psychiatric symptoms,spanning anxiety,depression,stress symptoms,and posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD)),with or without long-coronavirus disease(COVID)residuals(CSRS,Type B,neuropsychiatric symptoms spanning cognitive deficits and fatigue,excluding systemic symptoms).Our two-tailed hypothesis was that CSRS is a condition related to an unrecognized type of stress reaction in daily life in the general population(Type A)or that it is related to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection and its long-COVID residuals(Type B).METHODS 977 individuals in four continents(North America,Europe,Australia and the Middle East)completed the online study questionnaire in six languages using the Qualtrics *** study was managed by six teams in six countries that promoted the study on social *** questionnaire assessed anxiety,depression,stress symptoms and PTSD(CSRS,Type A),cognitive deficits and fatigue(CSRS,Type B).The data were analyzed using Proportion Analyses,Multivariate Analysis of Co-Variance(MANCOVA),linear regression analyses and validated clinical cutoff *** The results of the Proportion Analyses showed that the prevalence of 4 symptoms spanning anxiety,depression,stress symptoms,and PTSD was significantly higher than the most prevalent combinations of fewer symptoms across 4 continents,age groups,and *** supports the transdiagnostic argument embedded in the CSRS(Type A).The same pattern of results was found in infected/recovered *** prevalence of the

关键词： Transdiagnostic Complex Stress Reaction Syndrome Stress reactivity Affective disorders Debate in psychiatry

英格兰东北部17型脊髓小脑性共济失调的最低患病率

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2006年第3期2卷 25-25页

作者： Craig K. Keers S.M. Walls T.J. P.F. Chinnery 王孝文 neurology Medical School Framlington Place Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH United Kingdom

Objective: To determine the minimum prevalence of spinocerebellar ataxia type 17 (SCA17) in the north east of England. Patients and methods: A defined region containing 2,516,500 individuals with 192 families with undiagnosed ataxia, 90 patients with a Huntington’s disease-like phenotype and 292 controls. The number of (CAG/CAA)n repeats in the SCA17/TBP gene was determined by fluorescent PCR and sequenced in affected individuals. Results: The mean repeat size for 584 control alleles was 34 (S.D. = 3.58), ranging from 25 to 40. Two index cases had larger alleles with repeat lengths greater than the control range. Affected family members presented in adult life with ataxia followed by extrapyramidal features and cognitive impairment. In one family 44 repeats were associated with a younger age of onset than has been previously described. Conclusions: The minimum prevalence of SCA17 in the north east of England was 0.16/100,000 (upper 95%confidence interval 0.31/100,000).

关键词：共济失调亨廷顿病认知功能损害重复次数锥体外系

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脑部深刺激诱发的恐慌和恐惧

世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2006年第6期2卷 46-46页

作者： Shapira N.A. Okun M.S. Wint D. 王鹏 University of Florida Brain Institute Department of Neurology 100 S Newell Drive Gainesville FL 32610 United States Dr.

Background: Mood, cognitive, and behavioural changes have been reported with deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the thalamus, globus pallidus interna, and anterior limb of the internal capsule/nucleus accumbens region. Objective: To investigate panic and fear resulting from DBS. Methods: Intraoperative DBS in the region of the right and then left anterior limb of the internal capsule and nucleus accumbens region was undertaken to treat a 52 year old man with treatment refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Mood, anxiety, OCD, alertness, heart rate, and subjective feelings were recorded during intraoperative test stimulation and at follow up programming sessions. Results: DBS at the distal (0) contact (cathode 0-, anode 2+, pulse width 210 ms, rate 135 Hz, at 6 volts) elicited a panic attack (only seen at the (0) contact). The patient felt flushed, hot, fear ful, and described himself as having a “panic attack." His heart rate increased from 53 to 111. The effect (present with either device) was witnessed immediate ly after turning the device on, and abruptly ceased in the off condition. Conclu sions: DBS of the anterior limb of the internal capsule and nucleus accumbens re gion caused severe “panic." This response may result from activation of limbic and autonomic networks.

关键词：恐慌恐惧男性患者深刺脑部内囊前肢内侧苍白球深部脑刺激

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帕金森病中脑结构性连接组与认知功能障碍

国际医学放射学杂志 2017年第4期 466-466页

作者： S.Galantucci F.Agosta E.Stefanova S.Basaia M.P.van den Heuvel T.Stojkovi 刘立恒 Neuroimaging Research Unit Institute of Experimental Neurology Division of Neuroscience San Raffaele Scientific Institute Vita-Salute San Raffaele University

摘要目的探讨伴或不伴轻度认知功能障碍(MCI)帕金森病(PD)病人的脑结构性连接组改变。材料与方法本前瞻性研究经机构伦理委员会批准,所有受试者在入组前均签署知情同意书。利用确定性扩散张量纤维束成像技术获取170例PD病人(其中54例伴...

摘要目的探讨伴或不伴轻度认知功能障碍(MCI)帕金森病(PD)病人的脑结构性连接组改变。材料与方法本前瞻性研究经机构伦理委员会批准,所有受试者在入组前均签署知情同意书。利用确定性扩散张量纤维束成像技术获取170例PD病人(其中54例伴有MCI,116例不伴MCI)及41名健康对照组受试者的脑结构性连接组。采用网络分析方法评

关键词：

白质高信号作为卒中后神经心理学缺陷的预测因素

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2005年第12期1卷 42-42页

作者： Jokinen H. Kalska H. Mntyl R. 周永 Dr. Department of neurology Helsinki University Central Hospital P.O. Box 302 FIN-00029 HUS Helsinki Finland

Abstract:Objectives: Cerebral white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are a recognised risk factor for post-stroke dementia. Their specific relations to cognitive impairment are still not well known. The purpose of this study was to explore how the severity and location of WMHs predict neuropsychological test performance in the context of other brain lesions in elderly stroke patients. Methods: In the Helsinki Stroke Aging Memory Study, 323 patients, aged from 55 to 85 years, completed a detailed neuropsychological test battery and MRI 3 months after an ischaemic stroke. The demographic and MRI predictors of cognition were studied with sequential linear regression analyses. Results: After age, education and total infarct volume were controlled for, the overall degree of WMHs predicted poor performance in tests of mental speed, executive functions, memory, and visuospatial functions, but not in those of short term memory storage or verbal conceptualisation. However, the contribution of separate white matter regions was relatively low. Only the lesions along the bodies of lateral ventricles were independently associated with speed and executive measures. Additionally, general cortical atrophy clearly predicted a wide range of cognitive deficits while infarct volume had less relevance. Further analyses revealed that executive functions act as a strong mediator between the relationship of WMHs to memory and visuospatial functions. Conclusions: The degree of WMHs is independently related to post-stroke cognitive decline. The most affected cognitive domains seem to be executive functions and speed of mental processing, which may lead to secondary deficits of memory and visuospatial functions.

关键词：神经心理学认知功能缺血性卒中梗死体积老年卒中皮质萎缩执行功能回归分析研究记忆研究脑损伤

表浅性铁质沉积症患者认知功能和社交能力障碍

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2005年第9期1卷 29-29页

作者： Van Harskamp N.J. Rudge P. Cipolotti L. 方伯言 Department of Neuropsychology National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery Queen Square London WC1N 3BG United Kingdom

Superficial siderosis of the CNS is a rare condition, caused by deposition of haemosiderin in the superficial layers of the CNS due to repeated chronic subara chnoid or intraventricular haemorrhage. Typically, the hindbrain structures, esp ecially the cerebellum, are most affected. There is a surprising lack of studies investigating in detail the behavioural functioning of patients with such a con dition. In this study, we document for the first time the cognitive, social and emotional processing of six patients with a confirmed clinical diagnosis of supe rficial siderosis. They were aged between 40 and 62 years, with a mean age of 50 .2 years; four were male. We administered a comprehensive battery of general cog nitive ability and social cognitive tasks. A review of MRI was also undertaken. The findings indicate selective cognitive impairments affecting speech productio n, visual recall memory and executive functions. In addition, a selective patter n of social dysfunction, affecting the ability to represent other people’s ment al states, was found. These behavioural dysfunctions are reported in the context of MRI-documented lesions maximally involving the cerebellum, in particular th e superior vermis, as well as the medial and inferior frontal cortex. These resu lts suggest that superficial siderosis is associated with a distinct pattern of cognitive and social impairments. They are consistent with the recently proposed role of the cerebellum as a modulator of cognitive, social and emotional functi ons.

关键词：认知功能社交能力铁质执行功能含铁血黄素行为功能膜下腔额叶皮质中枢神经系统思想状态