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development of vehicle-recognition method on water surfaces using LiDAR data:SPD^(2)(spherically stratified point projection with diameter and distance)

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第6期36卷 95-104页

作者： Eon-ho Lee Hyeon Jun Jeon Jinwoo Choi Hyun-Taek Choi Sejin Lee The Department of Mechanical engineering Kongju National University1223-24 Cheonan-daeroCheonan 31080Republic of Korea ocean System engineering research division Korea Research Institute of Ships and Ocean Engineering(KRISO)Daejeon 34103Republic of Korea The division of Mechanical&Automotive engineering Kongju National University1223-24 Cheonan-daeroCheonan 31080Republic of Korea

Swarm robot systems are an important application of autonomous unmanned surface vehicles on water *** monitoring natural environments and conducting security activities within a certain range using a surface vehicle,the swarm robot system is more efficient than the operation of a single object as the former can reduce cost and save *** is necessary to detect adjacent surface obstacles robustly to operate a cluster of unmanned surface *** this purpose,a LiDAR(light detection and ranging)sensor is used as it can simultaneously obtain 3D information for all directions,relatively robustly and accurately,irrespective of the surrounding environmental *** the GPS(global-positioning-system)error range exists,obtaining measurements of the surface-vessel position can still ensure stability during platoon *** this study,a three-layer convolutional neural network is applied to classify types of surface *** aim of this approach is to redefine the sparse 3D point cloud data as 2D image data with a connotative meaning and subsequently utilize this transformed data for object classification ***,we have proposed a descriptor that converts the 3D point cloud data into 2D image *** use this descriptor effectively,it is necessary to perform a clustering operation that separates the point clouds for each *** developed voxel-based clustering for the point cloud ***,using the descriptor,3D point cloud data can be converted into a 2D feature image,and the converted 2D image is provided as an input value to the *** intend to verify the validity of the proposed 3D point cloud feature descriptor by using experimental data in the ***,we explore the feasibility of real-time object classification within this framework.

关键词： Object classification Clustering 3D point cloud data LiDAR(light detection and ranging) Surface vehicle

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Trend of Storm Surge Induced by Typical Landfall Super Typhoons During 1975–2021 in the Eastern China Sea

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Journal of ocean University of China 2024年第2期23卷 277-286页

作者： LUO Feng WANG Yi TAO Aifeng SHI Jian WANG Yongzhi ZHANG Chi College of Harbour Coastal and Offshore EngineeringHohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Nantong ocean and coastal engineering research Institute Hohai UniversityNantong 226000China Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for coastal Disaster and Protection Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China College of Meteorology and oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China The First Institute of oceanography MNRQingdao 266061China

Climate change affects the activity of global and regional tropical cyclones(TCs).Among all TCs,typical super typhoons(STYs)are particularly devastating because they maintain their intensity when landing on the coast and thus cause casualties,economic losses,and environmental *** a 3D tidal model,we reconstructed the typhoon(TY)wind field to simulate the storm surge induced by typical *** TY activity was then analyzed using historical *** showed a downtrend of varying degrees in the annual frequency of STYs and TCs in the Western North Pacific(WNP)Basin,with a significant trend change observed for TCs from 1949 to 2021.A large difference in the interannual change in frequency was found between STYs and TCs in the WNP and Eastern China Sea(ECS).Along the coast of EC,the frequency of landfall TCs showed a weak downtrend,and the typical STYs showed reverse micro growth with peak activity in ***,Fujian,and Taiwan were highly vulnerable to the frontal hits of typical *** by climate change,the average lifetime maximum intensity(LMI)locations and landfall locations of typical STYs in the ECS basin showed a significant poleward migration *** addition,the annual average LMI and accumulated cyclone energy showed an uptrend,indicating the increasing severity of the disaster *** by the typical STY activity in the ECS,the maximum storm surge area also showed poleward migration,and the coast of North China faced potential growth in high storm surge risks.

关键词： storm surge super typhoons tropical cyclones eastern China Sea poleward migration

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Activity Pattern and Habitat Use of Shorebirds in an Artificial Wetland Complex:A Case Study of Breeding Pied Avocet in the Yellow River Delta,China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2024年第4期34卷 618-630页

作者： LI Dong LI Bin XU He FAN Chao WU Yang ZHANG Yuxin HOU Xiyong Yantai Institute of coastal Zone research Chinese Academy of SciencesYantai 264003China Beijing VMinFull Limited Beijing 100086China CAS Key Laboratory of coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesYantai 264003China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Information engineering Zhejiang Ocean UniversityZhoushan 316022China Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological engineering College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

With the loss of substantial natural wetlands in coastal zones,artificial wetlands provide alternative habitats for many *** management of artificial wetlands used by shorebirds plays an important role in maintaining the stability of shorebird *** tracking technique can obtain high-precision location information of individuals day and night,providing a good technical support for the study of quantitative relationship between waterfowls and their *** this study,satellite tracking method,Remote Sensing(RS)and Geographic Information System(GIS)technology were used to analyze the activity pattern and habitat utilization characteristics of Pied Avocet during breeding period in an artificial wetland complex in the Yellow River Delta(YRD),*** results showed that the breeding Pied Avocets had a small range of activity,with a total core and main home range of 33.10 km^(2) and 216.30 km^(2),*** species tended to forage in the pond and salt pan during the day and night,respectively,with an unfixed staying time in the breeding *** distance between breeding ground and feeding ground was less than 6 *** is emphasized that in addition to improving the conditions of the remaining natural habitats,effective managing artificial habitats is a priority for shorebird *** research could provide reference for the management of artificial wetlands in coastal zones and supply technique support for the protection of shorebirds and their habitats,and alleviate human-bird conflicts and sustainable development of coastal zones.

关键词： satellite tracking home range habitat use artificial wetland coastal zone Pied Avocet Yellow River Delta China

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Global Dynamic Responses and Progressive Failure of Submerged Floating Tunnel Under Cable Breakage Conditions

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China ocean engineering 2024年第4期38卷 676-688页

作者： ZHOU Xiang-bo QIAO Dong-sheng WANG Ming TANG Guo-qiang LU Lin OU Jinping State Key Laboratory of coastal and Offshore engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China

The Submerged Floating Tunnel(SFT)relies on a tensioned mooring system for precise *** sudden breakage of a single cable can trigger an immediate alteration in the constraint conditions of the tube,inducing a transient heave response within the structure along with a transient increase in cable tension experienced by adjacent *** more severe cases,this may even lead to a progressive failure culminating in the global destruction of the *** study used ANSYS/AQWA to establish a numerical model of the entire length SFT for the hydrodynamic response analysis,and conducted a coupled calculation of the dynamic responses of the SFT-mooring line model based on Orca Flex to study the global dynamic responses of the SFT at the moment of cable breakage and the redistribution of cable internal *** most unfavorable position for SFT cable breakage was identified,the influence mechanism of cable breakage at different positions on the global dynamic response was revealed,and the progressive chain failure pattern caused by localized cable breakage are also clarified.

关键词： submerged floating tunnel cable breakage global dynamic responses progressive failure

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Friction Characteristics Between Marine Clay and Construction Materials

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Journal of ocean University of China 2024年第2期23卷 427-437页

作者： KOU Hailei HUANG Jiaming CHENG Yang College of engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Fourth division Organization Department of the CPC Qingdao Municipal CommitteeQingdao 266100China

Structure-soil interface friction characteristics is of importance to investigate the interaction between engineering structures and soils,especially for offshore *** interface friction behavior between marine clay and structural materials with different roughness was studied in this paper by using 3D optical scanning tests,a modified direct shear device and numerical *** between the surface roughness of structures,water content and interface friction angle were presented by model *** increase of water contents decreased the interface friction *** interfaces with different roughness,the interface friction angles will be smaller than that of the soil when the water content exceeds a certain *** roughness of the interface and the water content of the soil are mutually coupled to influence the coefficient of friction(COF).This paper proposed a Finite Element Method(FEM)to simulate the interface direct shear tests of structures with different *** surface models with different roughness are established based on the structure data obtained by 3D *** Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian(CEL)approach was employed to analyse soils sheared by irregular *** interface behavior for interfaces with different roughness under cyclic shear stresses was analyzed by FEM.

关键词： marine clay construction material interface friction behavior surface roughness Finite Element Method

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Flow-Slip Stability Behavior of Calcareous Sand Treated by Microbially Induced Carbonate Precipitation Technology

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Journal of ocean University of China 2024年第5期23卷 1381-1389页

作者： KOU Hailei HE Xiang HOU Wangxiang LI Zhendong ZHANG Xixin AN Zhaotun LU Jiaqing College of engineering Ocean University of China

Flow-slip damage commonly destabilizes coastal slopes. Finding a slope stabilization method for calcareous sands in the South China Sea is crucial. Microbially induced calcite precipitation is a promising, eco-friendly method for soil stabilization. This study investigates the effect of microbial treatments, initial relative density, initial cell pressure, and initial stress ratio on the flow-slip stability of calcareous sand specimens by using constant shear drained tests. These tests lay the foundation to study the mechanical instability of sand slopes. Results show that the microbial-treated specimens maintain stable stresses longer, take longer to reach the instability, and withstand larger volumetric strains. Microbial treatment effectively enhances sand stability under constant shear drainage, with improvements amplified by higher initial relative density and initial cell pressure. In addition, a smaller initial stress ratio reduces shear effects on the specimen and increases resistance to flow slides. Microanalysis reveals that the flow-slip stability of calcareous sand slopes is enhanced by contact cementation, particle coating, void filling, and mutual embedment of calcium carbonate crystals.

关键词： clcareous sand constant shear drained tests flow-slip stability microbially induced carbonate precipitation

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Numerical study on local scour characteristics around submarine pipelines in the Yellow River Delta silty sandy soil under waves and currents

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Deep Underground Science and engineering 2024年第2期3卷 182-196页

作者： Peng Yu Ruigeng Hu Jike Zhang Qi Yang Jieru Zhao Lei Cao Chenghao Zhu Key Laboratory of Geological Safety of coastal Urban Underground Space Ministry of Natural ResourcesQingdaoChina Qingdao Geo-engineering Surveying Institute(Qingdao Geological Exploration development Bureau) QingdaoChina Sinopec Petroleum engineering Corporation DongyingChina State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina Department Civil and Environmental engineering Politecnico di MilanoMilanItaly College of Environmental Science and engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdaoChina

Due to their high reliability and cost-efficiency,submarine pipelines are widely used in offshore oil and gas resource *** to the interaction of waves,currents,seabed,and pipeline structures,the soil around submarine pipelines is prone to local scour,severely affecting their operational *** the Yellow River Delta as the research area and based on the renormalized group(RNG)k-εturbulence model and Stokes fifth-order wave theory,this study solves the Navier-Stokes(N-S)equation using the finite difference *** volume of fluid(VOF)method is used to describe the fluid-free surface,and a threedimensional numerical model of currents and waves-submarine pipeline-silty sandy seabed is *** rationality of the numerical model is verified using a self-built waveflow *** this basis,in this study,the local scour development and characteristics of submarine pipelines in the Yellow River Delta silty sandy seabed in the prototype environment are explored and the influence of the presence of pipelines on hydrodynamic features such as surrounding flow field,shear stress,and turbulence intensity is *** results indicate that(1)local scour around submarine pipelines can be divided into three stages:rapid scour,slow scour,and stable *** maximum scour depth occurs directly below the pipeline,and the shape of the scour pits is asymmetric.(2)As the water depth decreases and the pipeline suspension height increases,the scour becomes more intense.(3)When currents go through a pipeline,a clear stagnation point is formed in front of the pipeline,and the flow velocity is positively correlated with the depth of *** study can provide a valuable reference for the protection of submarine pipelines in this area.

关键词： local scour numerical simulation submarine pipelines Yellow River Delta

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Effect of dissolved organic nitrogen on the bloom of Prorocentrum donghaiense and Karenia spp. in the East China Sea coastal waters

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Acta oceanologica Sinica 2024年第6期43卷 71-85页

作者： Xiaoru Cui Guangming Zhen Jing Zhao Keqiang Li Xiulin Wang Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology/Frontiers Science Center for Deep ocean Multispheres and Earth System of Ministry of Education Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China College of Environmental Science and engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China College of Chemistry and Chemical engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China

Understan ding the mechanism of harmful algal bloom formation is vital for effectively preventing algal bloom outbreaks in coastal *** *** in the East China Sea show a significant correlation with nutrient ***,the impact of key components of nutrients,especially dissolved organic nitrogen(DON),on the blooms of Karenia *** not *** research is still *** this study,the cruise observations,field mesocosm-flask culture experiments,and a multinitrogen-tri-phytoplankton-detritus model(NTPD) are combined to reveal the quantitative influence of nutrient regimes on the shift of Prorocentrum donghaiense and Karenia *** the East China *** has a synchronism rhythm of *** spp.-diatom loop in the field culture experiment,which is consistent with the results of the cruise *** results showed that the processes of terrigenous DON(TeDON) and dissolved inorganic nitrogen(DIN:NO_(3)^(-)-N,NH_(4)^(+)-N) absorption promoted *** to become the dominant algae in the community;whereas the processes of DON from *** absorption promoted Karenia *** become the dominant algae in ambient DIN *** addition,the three-dimensional fluorescence components of humus C,tyrosine and fulvic acid can indicate the processes of growth and extinction of *** and Karenia spp.,*** study infers that *** and Karenia *** shift mechanism associated with the nutrient regime in coastal waters,which provides a scientific basis for the environmental management of coastal eco system health.

关键词： Karenia spp. Prorocentrum donghaiense nutrients multinitrogen-tri-phytoplankton-detritus model three-dimensional fluorescence

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Local Scour Mechanisms and Prediction Methods Around Offshore Wind Turbine Foundations:Insights and Future Directions

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Journal of ocean University of China 2024年第5期23卷 1248-1262页

作者： YANG Qi HU Ruigeng YU Peng ZHANG Peng XU Zhongqian XU Mengzhen State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and engineering Tsinghua University Sinopec Petroleum engineering Corporation Key Laboratory of Geological Safety of coastal Urban Underground Space Ministry of Natural ResourcesQingdao Geo-Engineering Surveying Institute Qingdao Qingzi engineering Consulting Co. Ltd. Qingdao Water Affairs development Service Center

Local scour around offshore wind turbine foundations presents a considerable challenge due to its potential influence on structural stability, driven by hydrodynamic forces. While research has made strides in comprehending scouring mechanisms, notable complexities persist, specifically with newer foundation types. Addressing these limitations is vital for advancing our understanding of scour mechanisms and for improving mitigation strategies in offshore wind energy development. This review synthesizes current findings on local scour across various offshore foundations, encompassing field observations, data-driven approaches, turbulence-sediment interactions, scour evolution processes, influencing factors, and numerical model advancements. The objective is to enrich our understanding of local scour mechanisms. In addition, future research directions are outlined, including the development of robust artificial intelligence models for accurate predictions, the exploration of vortex structure characteristics, and the refinement of numerical models to strengthen prediction capabilities while minimizing computational efforts.

关键词： local scour multiscale vortices numerical modeling offshore wind turbine foundations sediment transport wave-current actions

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Flash nanocomplexation(FNC): A new microvolume mixing method for nanomedicine formulation

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第10期35卷 65-78页

作者： Keyang Li Yanan Wang Yatao Xu Guohua Shi Sixian Wei Xue Zhang Baomei Zhang Qiang Jia Huanhua Xu Liangmin Yu Jun Wu Zhiyu He Frontiers Science Center for Deep ocean Multispheres and Earth Systems Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology Ministry of Education/Sanya Oceanographic Institution Ocean University of China College of Chemistry and Chemical engineering Ocean University of China School of Materials Science and engineering Tsinghua University Guangzhou City Polytechnic National Key Laboratory for the Modernization of Classical and Famous Prescriptions of Chinese Medicine Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine division of Life Science The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

The application of nanotechnologies in formulation has significantly promoted the development of modern medical and pharmacological science, especially for nanoparticle-based drug delivery, bioimaging, and theranostics. The advancement of engineering particle design and fabrication is largely supported by a better understanding of how their apparent characteristics(e.g., size and size distribution, surface morphology, colloidal stability, chemical composition) influence their in vivo biological performance, which raises an urgent need for practical nanoformulation methods. Based on turbulent flow mixing and the self-assembly of molecules in fluids, flash technologies emerged as effective bottom-up fabrication strategies for effective nanoformulation. Among the flash technology family, flash nanocomplexation(FNC) is considered a novel and promising candidate that can promote and optimize formulation processes in a precise spatiotemporal manner, thus obtaining excellent fabrication efficiency, reproducibility and expandability. This review presents an overview of recent advances in fabricating drug-delivery nanoparticles using FNC platforms. Firstly, brief introductions to the basic principles of FNC technology were carried out, followed by descriptions of turbulent microvolume mixers that have significantly promoted the efficiency of FNC-based fabrications. Applications of real formulation cases were then categorized according to the self-assembly-driven interactions(including electrostatic interaction, coordination interaction,hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction) and discussed to reveal the progressiveness of fabricating nanoparticles and discuss how its flexibility will provide advances and replenish the philosophy of nanomedicine formulation. In the end, the commercial potential, current limitations, and prospects of FNC technology for nanoformulation will be summarized and discussed.

关键词： Drug delivery Flash nanocomplexation Kinetic control Nanoformulation Nanoparticles Self-assembly

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