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Activation of cerebral Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate(Rac) 1 promotes post-ischemic stroke functional recovery in aged mice

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 881-886页

作者： Fan Bu Jia-Wei Min Md Abdur Razzaque Ahmad El Hamamy Anthony Patrizz Li Qi Akihiko Urayama Jun Li Department of Neurology University of Texas Health Science Center Department of Neurology&psychology The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine

Brain functional impairment after stroke is common;however,the molecular mechanisms of post-stroke recovery remain *** is well-recognized that age is the most important independent predictor of poor outcomes after stroke as older patients show poorer functional outcomes following *** evidence suggests that axonal regeneration and angiogenesis,the major forms of brain plasticity responsible for post-stroke recovery,diminished with advanced *** studies suggest that Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate(Rac)1 enhances stroke recovery as activation of Rac1 improved behavior recovery in a young mice stroke ***,we investigated the role of Rac1 signaling in long-term functional recovery and brain plasticity in an aged(male,18 to 22 months old C57BL/6J)brain after ischemic *** found that as mice aged,Rac1 expression declined in the *** overexpression of Rac1,using lentivirus encoding Rac1 injected day 1 after ischemic stroke,promoted cognitive(assessed using novel object recognition test)and sensorimotor(assessed using adhesive removal tests)recovery on days 14–*** was accompanied by the increase of neurite and proliferative endothelial cells in the periinfarct zone assessed by *** a reverse approach,pharmacological inhibition of Rac1 by intraperitoneal injection of Rac1 inhibitor NSC23766 for 14 successive days after ischemic stroke worsened the outcome with the reduction of neurite and proliferative endothelial ***,Rac1 inhibition reduced the activation of p21-activated kinase 1,the protein level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor,and increased the protein level of glial fibrillary acidic protein in the ischemic brain on day 28 after *** work provided insight into the mechanisms behind the diminished plasticity after cerebral ischemia in aged brains and identified Rac1 as a potential therapeutic target for improving functional recovery in the older adults after stroke.

关键词： aging angiogenesis brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) cerebral ischemia cognitive recovery neurite Pak1 Rac1 sensorimotor recovery

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Cognition and movement in neurodegenerative disorders:a dynamic duo

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2101-2102页

作者： Marit F.L.Ruitenberg Department of Health Medical and NeuropsychologyLeiden UniversityLeidenthe Netherlands Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition Leidenthe Netherlands

People with neurodegenerative disorders often experience problems across a variety of functional domains,including cognition,movement,and psychosocial *** classification of these disorders is based on the phenotypical manifestations that represent the most prominent clinical *** example,Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease are typically regarded as movement disorders,whereas Alzheimer's disease(AD) and other dementias are regarded as cognitive disorders.

关键词： disorders Huntington degenerative

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Efficacy of a Memory Clinic for Patients with Memory Problems

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中国临床心理学杂志 2004年第4期12卷 417-419页

作者： Simon BN Thompson clinical psychology&neuropsychology services University of Portsmouth

本文对英格兰其切斯特的记忆诊所是否能适当地为Chichester,BognorRegis以及MidhurstlocalitiesoftheNHSTrust等地的门诊病人服务 ,以及将来可能发展到Crawley和Horshamlocalities(它们都是Trust区的一部分 )等问题作了探讨。文章报导... 详细信息

本文对英格兰其切斯特的记忆诊所是否能适当地为Chichester,BognorRegis以及MidhurstlocalitiesoftheNHSTrust等地的门诊病人服务 ,以及将来可能发展到Crawley和Horshamlocalities(它们都是Trust区的一部分 )等问题作了探讨。文章报导了小范围的重点研究 ,以及与同事们协商在临近地区建立类似记忆诊所等问题。结果表明。

关键词：英格兰记忆诊所切斯特门诊服务

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Coping Strategies and Depression among Male Inmates of a Nigerian Correctional Facility:A Cross-sectional Study

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2024年第2期10卷 92-98页

作者： Alexander Adam Audu Chidi John Okafor Owoidoho Udofia Emmanuel Aniekan Essien Bassey Eyo Edet Emmanuel Omamurhomu Olose Department of clinical services Federal Neuropsychiatric HospitalCalabarNigeria Department of Psychiatry University of Calabar Teaching HospitalCalabarNigeria

Background:Researchers have consistently found higher rates of mental illnesses,especially depression,in prison populations compared to the general *** though specific coping strategies have been implicated as a factor influencing the mental well-being of inmates,little is known about this interplay in resource-poor *** study aimed to investigate the relationship between coping strategies and depression among inmates of a prison in *** and Methods:This was a two-stage cross-sectional study involving 269 inmates of Calabar Prison,*** were administered a sociodemographic questionnaire,the Coping Strategies Inventory-Short Form,and the General Health Questionnaire-12(GHQ-12).Respondents who scored≥3 on the GHQ-12 together with 10%of low scorers proceeded to the second stage for an interview using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric ***:The prevalence of depression among study participants was 30.5%.Emotion-focused disengagement coping strategies(odds ratio[OR]:1.12,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.05-1.20)and a history of mental illness before imprisonment(OR:3.4,95%CI:1.34-8.57)significantly predicted depression,whereas problem-focused engagement was protective(OR:1.92,95%CI:0.86-0.98).Conclusion:Compared to the general population,depression is more common among prison inmates and is associated with using specific coping *** strategies deserve increasing consideration when planning mental health intervention programs for this population.

关键词： Coping strategies depression inmates mental illness prison

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Getting the Most Out of Every Training Day: The Influence of Instructors on Self-Regulated Learning During Firefighter Leadership Courses

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第3期15卷 332-345页

作者： Stefan R?seler Micha Hilbert Guido Hertel Meinald T.Thielsch Department of psychology University of Münster

Leadership courses in the fire services are highly challenging, and they can seriously exhaust trainees and hamper their selfregulated learning efforts(for example, setting goals, focusing attention, seeking feedback). We theorize that experiences of failure or overload can curtail trainees' available energy resources on subsequent training days, which, in turn, should affect trainees' learning efforts. Given instructors' central role in leadership courses, we hypothesize that supportive and humble instructor behaviors decrease experiences of failure and overload and, thus, increase self-regulated learning. Moreover, we argue that supportive instructor behavior may amplify the positive effects of high energy resources, while humble behavior may alleviate the negative impact of low resource levels. We tested preregistered hypotheses with 118 firefighters participating in two-week leadership courses at a German fire academy. The participants completed short web-based questionnaires before and after classes each day. Multilevel analyses confirmed that perceived daily supportive and humble instructor behavior predicted trainees' reports of daily self-regulated learning activity. Notably, this effect was independent from positive effects of trainees' reported energy resources in the morning. Supportive and humble behavior did not moderate the eff ect of energy resources. Our findings suggest that instructors play a crucial role in facilitating effective learning under challenging training conditions. Furthermore, we offer implications for leaders in fire services, who often conduct trainings with their subordinates.

关键词： Diary study Fire services Instructor behavior Leadership training Resource investment

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PD-1^(+)and TIM-3^(+)T cells widely express commonγ-chain cytokine receptors in multiple myeloma patients,and IL-2,IL-7,IL-15 stimulation up-regulates PD-1 and TIM-3 on T cells

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Oncology Research 2024年第10期32卷 1575-1587页

作者： EGOR V.BATOROV ALISA D.INESHINA TATIANA A.ARISTOVA VERA V.DENISOVA SVETLANA A.SIZIKOVA DARIA S.BATOROVA GALINA Y.USHAKOVA EKATERINA Y.SHEVELA ELENA R.CHERNYKH Laboratory of Cellular Immunotherapy Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical ImmunologyNovosibirsk630099Russia V.Zelman Institute of Medicine and psychology Novosibirsk National Research State UniversityNovosibirsk630090Russia Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical ImmunologyNovosibirsk630099Russia

Background:Immune checkpoint ligand-receptor interactions appear to be associated with multiple myeloma(MM)***,previous studies showed the possibility of PD-1 and TIM-3 expression on T cells upon stimulation with commonγ-chain family cytokines in vitro and during homeostatic *** aim of the present work was to study the impact of homeostatic proliferation on the expansion of certain T cell subsets upregulating PD-1 and TIM-3 checkpoint ***:The expression of CD25,CD122,CD127 commonγ-chain cytokine receptors,phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription-5(pSTAT5)and eomesodermin(EOMES)was comparatively assessed with flow cytometry in PD-1-and TIM-3-negative and positive T cells before the conditioning and during the first post-transplant month in peripheral blood samples of MM ***:Substantial proportions of PD-1-and TIM-3-positive T lymphocytes expressed commonγ-chain cytokine receptors and *** of cytokine receptor expressing cells were significantly higher within TIM-3+T cells compared to PD-1+TIM-3−*** proportions of both PD-1-/TIM-3-negative and positive CD8+T cells express EOMES,while only moderate frequencies of CD4+PD-1+/TIM-3+T cells up-regulate this transcription ***,the surface presence of CD25 and intranuclear expression of EOMES in CD4+T cells were mutually exclusive regardless of PD-1 and TIM-3 *** stimulation with commonγ-chain cytokines up-regulates PD-1 and TIM-3 during the proliferation of initially PD-1/TIM-3-negative T cells but fails to expand initially PD-1+and TIM-3+T cell subsets in ***:Both PD-1 and TIM-3 expressing T cells appear to be able to respond to homeostatic cytokine *** in commonγ-chain cytokine receptor expression between PD-1+and TIM-3+T cells may reflect functional dissimilarity of these cell *** blockade appears to alleviate lymphopenia-induced prolif

关键词： Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(AHSCT) CD25 CD122 Eomesodermin(EOMES) Homeostatic proliferation

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Type-B monoamine oxidase inhibitors in neurological diseases:clinical applications based on preclinical findings

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 16-21页

作者： Marika Alborghetti Edoardo Bianchini Lanfranco De Carolis Silvia Galli Francesco E.Pontieri Domiziana Rinaldi Neurology Unit NESMOS DepartmentFaculty of Medicine&PsychologySapienza-University of RomeSant’Andrea University HospitalRomeItaly Department of clinical and Behavioral Neurology IRCCS-Fondazione Santa LuciaRomeItaly

Type-B monoamine oxidase inhibitors,encompassing selegiline,rasagiline,and safinamide,are available to treat Parkinson's *** drugs ameliorate motor symptoms and improve motor fluctuation in the advanced stages of the *** is also evidence suppo rting the benefit of type-B monoamine oxidase inhibitors on non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease,such as mood deflection,cognitive impairment,sleep disturbances,and *** studies indicate that type-B monoamine oxidase inhibitors hold a strong neuroprotective potential in Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases for reducing oxidative stress and stimulating the production and release of neurotrophic factors,particularly glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor,which suppo rt dopaminergic ***,safinamide may interfere with neurodegenerative mechanisms,countera cting excessive glutamate overdrive in basal ganglia motor circuit and reducing death from *** to the dual mechanism of action,the new generation of type-B monoamine oxidase inhibitors,including safinamide,is gaining interest in other neurological pathologies,and many supporting preclinical studies are now *** potential fields of application concern epilepsy,Duchenne muscular dystrophy,multiple scle rosis,and above all,ischemic brain *** purpose of this review is to investigate the preclinical and clinical pharmacology of selegiline,rasagiline,and safinamide in Parkinson's disease and beyond,focusing on possible future therapeutic applications.

关键词： glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF) glutamate neurological disorders neuroprotection Parkinson's disease preclinical studies rasagiline safinamide selegiline type-B monoamine oxidase(MAO_(B))inhibitors

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Sleep-based neuronal oscillations as a physiological biomarker for Alzheimer's disease:is night time the right time?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1417-1418页

作者： Jonathan Witton Erica S.Brady Michael T.Craig Department of clinical and Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Health and Life SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterEnglandUK Gladstone Institute for Neurological Disease San FranciscoCAUSA School of psychology and Neuroscience College of MedicalVeterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowScotlandUK

Dementia is a devastating syndrome characterized by memory problems,confusion,and behavior changes that prevent people from performing everyday *** is the leading cause of dependency and disability amongst older people,resulting in a global economic cost of ~$1.3 *** 58 million people are currently afflicted by dementia worldwide,with Alzheimer s disease(AD) causing most(60-70%) of these cases.

关键词： Alzheimer everyday performing

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Exploring Motor Imagery EEG: Enhanced EEG Microstate Analysis with GMD-Driven Density Canopy Method

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 4659-4681页

作者： Xin Xiong Jing Zhang Sanli Yi Chunwu Wang Ruixiang Liu Jianfeng He Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650500China College of Physics and Electronic Engineering Hanshan Normal UniversityChaozhou521041China Department of clinical psychology Second People’s Hospital of YunnanKunming650021China

The analysis of microstates in EEG signals is a crucial technique for understanding the spatiotemporal dynamics of brain electrical *** methods such as Atomic Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering(AAHC),K-means clustering,Principal Component Analysis(PCA),and Independent Component Analysis(ICA)are limited by a fixed number of microstate maps and insufficient capability in cross-task feature *** these limitations,this study introduces a Global Map Dissimilarity(GMD)-driven density canopy K-means clustering *** innovative approach autonomously determines the optimal number of EEG microstate topographies and employs Gaussian kernel density estimation alongside the GMD index for dynamic modeling of EEG *** this advanced algorithm,the study analyzes the Motor Imagery(MI)dataset from the GigaScience database,*** findings reveal six distinct microstates during actual right-hand movement and five microstates across other task conditions,with microstate C showing superior performance in all task *** imagined movement,microstate A was significantly *** with existing algorithms indicates a significant improvement in clustering performance by the refined method,with an average Calinski-Harabasz Index(CHI)of 35517.29 and a Davis-Bouldin Index(DBI)average of ***,an information-theoretical analysis of the microstate sequences suggests that imagined movement exhibits higher complexity and disorder than actual *** utilizing the extracted microstate sequence parameters as features,the improved algorithm achieved a classification accuracy of 98.41%in EEG signal categorization for motor imagery.A performance of 78.183%accuracy was achieved in a four-class motor imagery task on the BCI-IV-2a *** results demonstrate the potential of the advanced algorithm in microstate analysis,offering a more effective tool for a deeper understanding of the spatiotemporal features of EE

关键词： EEG microstate motor imagery K-means clustering algorithm gaus sian kernel function shannon entropy Lempel-Ziv complexity

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Is Peer Victimization Associated with Higher Online Trolling among Adolescents?The Mediation of Hostile Attribution Bias and the Moderation of Trait Mindfulness

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2024年第8期26卷 623-632页

作者： Yuedong Qiu Qi Sun Jie Zhou Ni Jiang Wenyu Zeng Biyun Wu Fang Li School of psychology Sichuan Normal UniversityChengdu610066China Center of Adolescent Growth services Sichuan Dazhu Middle SchoolDazhou635100China Center of Mental Health Education Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou510470China Sichuan Key Laboratory of psychology and Behavior of Discipline Inspection and Supervision Sichuan Normal UniversityChengdu610066China

Background:In recent years,online trolling has garnered significant attention due to its detrimental effects on mental health and social *** current study examined the influence of peer victimization on adolescent online trolling behavior,proposing that hostile attribution bias mediated this relationship and that trait mindfulness moderated both the direct and indirect ***:A total of 833 Chinese adolescents completed the measurements of peer victimization,hostile attribution bias,trait mindfulness,and online *** mediation analysis was performed to examine the relationships between these ***:After controlling for gender and residential address,the study found a significant positive correlation between peer victimization and online trolling,with hostile attribution bias serving as a *** addition,trait mindfulness moderated the direct relationship between peer victimization and online ***,the effect of peer victimization on online trolling was attenuated when adolescents had high levels of trait *** results of the study emphasized the joint role of peer and personal factors in adolescents’online trolling behavior and provide certain strategies for intervening in adolescents’online trolling ***:The results of the study suggest that strategies focusing on peer support and mindfulness training can have a positive impact on reducing online trolling behavior,promoting adolescents’mental health,and their long-term development.

关键词： Online trolling peer victimization hostile attribution bias trait mindfulness adolescent

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