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Scenario of solar energy and policies in India

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Clean Energy 2024年第5期8卷 117-128页

作者： Sathish Kumar M Prity Kumari Y.A.Lad Sherin Maria Teaching Assistant Symbiosis Institute of Business ManagementSymbiosis International(Deemed)UniversityNagpur440008MaharashtraIndia Assistant professor and Head Department of Basic ScienceCollege of HorticultureAnand Agricultural UniversityAnand388110GujaratIndia associate professor&Head Department of HRD&PMInternational Agribusiness Management InstituteAnand Agricultural UniversityAnand388110GujaratIndia Research Assistant International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT)HyderabadTelanganaIndia

Solar power is energy from the Sun that is converted into thermal or electrical ***,the USA,and India have the world’s richest solar energy *** receives solar radiation with an average intensity of 200 MW/km^(2) and 250–300 sunny days a *** solar radiation in India varies from 4 to 7 kWh/m^(2)/day,with 2300–3200 sunshine hours yearly,depending on the *** Solar Park,Jodhpur,India,is the world’s largest solar plant,with 2.25 GW of installed *** energy is the best alternative elec-tricity source used explicitly in the agricultural *** the farming sector,the consumption of solar energy has been *** major issues were the installation costs,low availability of technicians,and poor quality of *** focus on skill development equips the workforce to drive innovation,efficiency,and sustained growth in the renewable-energy *** the support of inter-national collaboration and a skilled workforce,India’s progress in solar energy development is a boon for the industry.

关键词： solar energy benefits policies challenges achievements

Endotoxin-induced alterations of adipose tissue function:a pathway to bovine metabolic stress

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1391-1407页

作者： Miguel Chirivi G.Andres Contreras Department of Large Animal clinical Sciences Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMIUSA

During the periparturient period, dairy cows exhibit negative energy balance due to limited appetite and increased energy requirements for lactogenesis. The delicate equilibrium between energy availability and expenditure puts cows in a state of metabolic stress characterized by excessive lipolysis in white adipose tissues(AT), increased production of reactive oxygen species, and immune cell dysfunction. Metabolic stress, especially in AT, increases the risk for metabolic and inflammatory diseases. Around parturition, cows are also susceptible to endotoxemia. Bacterial-derived toxins cause endotoxemia by promoting inflammatory processes and immune cell infiltration in different organs and systems while impacting metabolic function by altering lipolysis, mitochondrial activity, and insulin sensitivity. In dairy cows, endotoxins enter the bloodstream after overcoming the defense mechanisms of the epithelial barriers, particularly during common periparturient conditions such as mastitis, metritis, and pneumonia, or after abrupt changes in the gut microbiome. In the bovine AT, endotoxins induce a pro-inflammatory response and stimulate lipolysis in AT, leading to the release of free fatty acids into the bloodstream. When excessive and protracted, endotoxin-induced lipolysis can impair adipocyte's insulin signaling pathways and lipid synthesis. Endotoxin exposure can also induce oxidative stress in AT through the production of reactive oxygen species by inflammatory cells and other cellular components. This review provides insights into endotoxins' impact on AT function, highlighting the gaps in our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying AT dysfunction, its connection with periparturient cows' disease risk, and the need to develop effective interventions to prevent and treat endotoxemia-related inflammatory conditions in dairy cattle.

关键词： Adipose tissue dysfunction Endotoxin Inflammation Insulin resistance

Divergent defluorocarboxylation of α-CF_(3) alkenes with formate via photocatalyzed selective mono-or triple C-F bond cleavage

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第1期67卷 368-373页

作者： Xing-Yu Wang Pei Xu Wen-Wen Liu Hao-Qiang Jiang Song-Lei Zhu Dong Guo Xu Zhu Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and clinical Pharmacy School of PharmacyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhou 22100China

Unprecedented divergent synthesis of gem-difluorovinylacetic acid and glutaric acid derivatives fromα-CF_(3)alkenes with formate as the carbonyl source was *** reaction can undergo selective mono-or triple C-F bond cleavage by simply switching the photocatalyst and hydrogen atom transfer(HAT)catalyst under visible-light-induced conditions at room *** acts as both the C1 source and the reductant through the generation of CO_(2)^(·-)species,which underwent Giese radical addition to electron-deficient alkenes to trigger the consecutive C-F bond cleavage and carboxylation process.

关键词： C-F bond activation defluorocarboxylation carbon dioxide radical anion visible light

Influence of Gaps Between Multiple Floating Bodies on Wave Forces

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China Ocean Engineering 2000年第4期15卷 407-422页

作者：缪国平 H. Ishida T. Saitoh professor Department of Civil Engineering Kanazawa University associate professor Department of Civil Engineering Kanazawa University

The present study aims to give general hints about hydrodynamic interactions for water wave diffraction on a super large floating structure composed of a large number of box-shaped modules with many small gaps in between. And meanwhile, it also aims to seek for an effective way to take the gap influence into consideration without numerical difficulties existing in conventional methods. An asymptotic matching technique is exploited by virtue of the smallness of gaps. Formal potential solutions are established for the near field around the gap ends and the far field away from gap ends, respectively, and the unknowns in those solutions are uniquely determined by asymptotic matching. The eigen-function expansion method is used for the outer far field and a series of pulsating sources at each gap end is introduced to simulate the gap influence. Strong hydrodynamic interaction is observed and a new resonant phenomenon, the mechanism of which differs absolutely from any known ones, is revealed in the present study. Sharp peak responses for both vertical and horizontal wave-exciting forces on each block are found around some special resonance frequencies, which depend on the draft of the structure and the gap width. The present results are of practical significance to the design of links (connectors) of modules for super large floating structures. And the importance is also closely related to the hydro-elasticity analysis for super large floating structures, in which local loads may be as important as the integrated loads.

关键词： super large floating structure wave interaction resonance gap influence

A semi-empirical formula for evaluating residual strain of soils under earthquake loading

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2003年第2期2卷 307-313页

作者：袁晓铭孟上九孙锐 Institution of Engineering Mechanics CSBHarbin 150080China Professor Institution of Geotechnical Engineering Mechanics Hehai UniversityNanjing 210098China Associate Professor Institution of Engineering Mechanics CSBHarbin 150080China Associate Professor

A new semi-empirical formula for evaluating the residual strain of soils under earthquake loading is presented in this paper based on the incremental method and the increment model proposed by the *** the incident loading is uniform,the results calculated by the new formula are nearly the same as those by the existing *** excitation of the random earthquake loading,the results calculated by the new formula are compared to the results obtained by dynamic triaxial *** dynamic triaxial tests had been performed considering different seismic waves,confining stresses, consolidation ratios,and types of cohesive *** comparison between the calculated and tested results indicate that the presented formula can efficiently and practically describe the time-dependent process of the soil residual strains under actual seismic loads.

关键词： soil residual strain semi-empirical formula carthquake loading

Improving the efficiency of transport systems using simulation

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系统仿真学报 2020年第2期32卷 340-345页

作者： Bushuev Sergey Valentinovich Kovalev Igor Alexandrovich Permikin Vadim Yurievich Anashkina Nataliia Yurievna Technical Sciences Associate ProfessorUSURT

The article describes the possibilities of application of simulation modeling for the analysis of infrastructure and technology of transport services of enterprises. The main technological and possible economic effect... 详细信息

关键词： service Improving the efficiency of transport systems using simulation

A Debris-flow Simulation Model for the Evaluation of Protection Structures

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Journal of Mountain Science 2007年第3期4卷 193-202页

作者： TSAI Yuanfan associate professor of Social Studies Education National Taipei University of Education

Debris flow is the flow of a solid-fluid mixture and in this investigation it is treated as the flow of a continuum in routing. A numerical model is proposed describing debris flow including erosion and deposition processes with suitable boundary con-ditions. The numerical model is applied to evaluate the effects of protection structures against debris flow caused by heavy rainfall on the Shen-Mu Stream of Nantou County located in central Taiwan. Simulation results indicated that the proposed model can offer useful pre-planning guidelines for engineers.

关键词： Debris flow numerical simulation

Lower body weight and female gender:Hyperphosphatemia risk factors after sodium phosphate preparations

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第21期17卷 2681-2682页

作者： Parakkal Deepak Eli D Ehrenpreis Department of Gastroenterology NorthShore University Hospital Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Highland Park HospitalNorthShore University Health System and Clinical Associate Professor of MedicineUniversity of Chicago

Casals et al have reported an inverse correlation between serum phosphate and body weight after administration of sodium phosphate at a dose of 60 g. Our group has already described the relationship between body weight and hyperphosphatemia with these preparations, although our study was not quoted by Casals. We performed a pharmacokinetic study involving 13 volunteers who were divided into two groups on the basis of body weight： group I consisting of seven women with a median weight of 60 kg and group Ⅱ consisting of five men and one woman with a median weight of 119.2 kg. Group Ⅰdeveloped higher peak phosphate levels and maintained these levels above the subjects in Group Ⅱ for a prolonged time period despite adequate hydration being ensured with frequent monitoring of weight, fluid intake and total body weight. Our studydemonstrated that adequate hydration does not protect against the secondary effects of hyperphosphatemia. In the study by Casais et al, 66% of the study subjects were women, the correlation between serum phosphate and gender in their data also appears to be important. Women are at higher risk of acute phosphate nephropathy due to a diminished volume of distribution of the high dose of ingested phosphate. Decreased volume of distribution in women is due to diminished body weight. This is further compounded by decreased creatinine clearance in females.

关键词： Colonoscopy bowel preparation Lower body weight Hyperphosphatemia Sodium phosphate Female

Persisting challenges for performance-based building assessment

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2014年第S1期13卷 79-94页

作者： B.Bayhan I.Kazaz P.Gulkan Dept.of Civil Engineering Bursa Technical University Assistant professor Dept.of Civil Engineering Erzurum Technical University associate professor Dept.of Civil Engineering Cankaya University professor

Intense research and refinement of the tools used in performance-based seismic engineering have been made,but the maturity and accuracy of these methods have not been adequately confirmed with actual data from the field. The gap between the assumed characteristics of actual building systems and their idealized counterparts used for analysis is wide. When the randomly distributed flaws in buildings as they exist in urban areas and the extreme variability of ground motion patterns combine,the conventional procedures used for pushover or dynamic response history analyses seem to fall short of reconciling the differences between calculated and observed damage. For emergency planning and loss modeling purposes,such discrepancies are factors that must be borne in mind. Two relevant examples are provided herein. These examples demonstrate that consensus-based analytical guidelines also require well-idealized building models that do not lend themselves to reasonably manageable representations from field data. As a corollary,loss modeling techniques,e.g.,used for insurance purposes,must undergo further development and improvement.

关键词： reinforced concrete building nonlinear analysis performance-based seismic assessment performance limits damage