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Potential Driving Systems Associated with Extreme Rainfall across East Africa during October to December (OND) Season 2019

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第7期12卷 25-49页

作者： Constantine Ingeri Wang Wen Joseph Ndakize Sebaziga Vedaste Iyakaremye Samuel Ekwacu Prosper Ayabagabo Anthony Twahirwa Jonah Kazora School of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China Rwanda Meteorology Agency (Meteo Rwanda) Kigali Rwanda School of Science and Technology University of Rwanda (UR-CST) Kigali Rwanda climate and clean air coalition secretariat Paris France Rwanda Environment Management Authority (REMA) Kigali Rwanda Uganda National Meteorological Authority (UNMA) Kampala Uganda Department of Earth and climate Science University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya

The East African (EA) region highly experiences intra-seasonal and inter-annual variation in rainfall amounts. This study investigates the driving factors for anomalous rainfall events observed during the season of October-November-December (OND) 2019 over the region. The study utilized daily rainfall data from climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station Data Version 2 (CHIRPSv2) and the driving systems data. Statistical spatiotemporal analysis, correlation, and composite techniques were performed to investigate the teleconnection between OND 2019 seasonal rainfall and global synoptic climate systems. The findings showed that the OND 2019 experienced seasonal rainfall that was twice or greater than its seasonal climatology and varied with location. Further, the OND 2019 rainfall showed a positive correlation with the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) (0.81), Nino 3 (0.51), Nino 3.4 (0.47), Nino 4 (0.40), Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) (0.22), and North Tropical Atlantic (NTA) (0.02), while El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) showed a negative correlation (−0.30). The region was dominated by southeasterly warming and humid winds that originated from the Indian Ocean, while the geopotential height, vertical velocity, and vorticity anomalies were closely related to the anomalous rainfall characteristics. The study deduced that the IOD was the major synoptic system that influenced maximum rainfall during the peak season of OND 2019. This study therefore provided insights on the diagnosis study of OND 2019 anomalous rainfall and its attribution over the EA. The findings of the study will contribute to improvements in forecasting seasonal rainfall by regional climate centers and national meteorological centers within the region.

关键词： East Africa Driving climate Systems October-November-December (OND) 2019 Rainfall

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Renewable energy investment in China:the impact of low oil prices

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Economic and Political Studies 2016年第3期4卷 278-298页

作者： Judith Alazraque-Cherni Jiayi He Frank Rosillo-Calle Centre for Environmental Policy Imperial College LondonLondonUK Division of Technology Industry and EconomicsUnited Nations Environment Programme(UNEP)Climate and Clean Air CoalitionParisFrance Centre for Environmental Policy Imperial College LondonUK

The promotion of renewable energy(RE)technology in China has been paramount in the country’s policy to reinforce energy security,reduce air pollution from coal,oil and gas,and tackle climate *** study examines whether the RE sector in China(primarily solar and wind)might suffer an immediate or long-term backlash as the result of cuts in oil import *** demand for oil in China has increased at an astounding rate since the *** the face of its burgeoning economy and multiplying vehicle fleet,energy security has become a significant preoccupation for policy *** rapid fall in oil prices on the international market since June 2014 is likely to improve security of supply and positively impact the nation’s ***,the fate of another energy sector,RE technology is less *** article proposes a quantitative model to compare oil demand and prices over recent years with the impact on investment in RE,taking into account that the main competitor of RE is coal rather than *** energy policy has evolved and adapted over this period is also *** is observed that lower oil prices decrease RE investments but reduce concerns over energy ***,the strength of the impact depends on the duration of low oil prices and its *** commitment of the government to reduce global CO_(2) emissions may not be overlooked.

关键词： Renewable energy oil price energy policy investment in renewables China

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Green Supply Chain Management: A New Market Approach for climate Governance

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Chinese Journal of Urban and Environmental Studies 2015年第4期3卷 103-109页

作者： ZHANG Wen WANG Mou secretariat of China Council for International Cooperation on Environmental Development (CCICED) Ministry of Environmental Protection Institute for Urban and Environmental Studies Chinese Academy of Social Sciences MCC Tower

climate change has become a spot issue of the international community, and how to efficiently carry out international cooperation to deal with climate change is a serious problem to be *** on climate change launched by government have become a national consensus to various countries, while actions by private sectors, establishment and operation of relevant market mechanisms are also an important approach to address climate change through global cooperation. We have undertaken the construction of international or regional carbon market, clean energy quota market, Energy Management Contracting(EMC) and other market mechanisms, laying a solid foundation for further exploring market mechanism that enhances international climate governance, which also illustrates the significance of market mechanism to international community. New market mechanisms continue to be explored in market activities, and green supply chain management is one of them. Green supply chain management refers to the monitoring and management of impact on environment in the processes of acquisition, transportation, and storage of raw materials, distribution and utilization of products, and disposal of waste products while considering the impact of production processes on environment as well. Green supply chain management, as a market-based mean which balances climate environmental performance and economic benefits, will enable enterprises to include the influence of whole process of production on the climate and environment into decision-making process, launch green monitoring to the whole production cycle of product, so as to realize green and low-carbon development of enterprises. Green supply chain management not only has direct influence on enterprises to achieve greenhouse gas emission reduction, but also has positive meaning to industrial transformation and upgrading, high-end development of manufacturing industry, and promoting the construction of ecological civilization, which accord

关键词： climate change environmental governance market mechanism green supply chain management

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