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Corneal stem cells and tissue engineering: Current advances and future perspectives

世界干细胞杂志：英文版（电子版） 2015年第5期7卷 806-814页

作者： Aline Lütz de Araujo JoséAlvaro Pereira Gomes clínica lentecor Porto Alegre-RS 90570041Brazil Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Universidade Federal de São PauloSao Paulo-SP 04023062Brazil

Major advances are currently being made in regenerative medicine for cornea. Stem cell-based therapies represent a novel strategy that may substitute conventional corneal transplantation, albeit there aremany challenges ahead given the singularities of each cellular layer of the cornea. This review recapitulates the current data on corneal epithelial stem cells, corneal stromal stem cells and corneal endothelial cell progenitors. Corneal limbal autografts containing epithelial stem cells have been transplanted in humans for more than 20 years with great successful rates, and researchers now focus on ex vivo cultures and other cell lineages to transplant to the ocular surface. A small population of cells in the corneal endothelium was recently reported to have self-renewal capacity, although they do not proliferate in vivo. Two main obstacles have hindered endothelial cell transplantation to date: culture protocols and cell delivery methods to the posterior cornea in vivo. Human corneal stromal stem cells have been identified shortly after the recognition of precursors of endothelial cells. Stromal stem cells may have the potential to provide a direct cell-based therapeutic approach when injected to corneal scars. Furthermore, they exhibit the ability to deposit organized connective tissue in vitro and may be useful in corneal stroma engineering in the future. Recent advances and future perspectives in the field are discussed.

关键词： Cornea Stem cells Cell-based therapy Limbal transplantation Tissue engineering Cornealendothelium

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