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Care and Support Programmes for Orphans and Vulnerable Children: Achievements and Implications of HIV/AIDS Funded Project in Osun State, Nigeria

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World Journal of AIDS 2019年第4期9卷 195-213页

作者： Adebola A. Adejimi Ajibola Olagunoye Adeyemi Amuda Olubukola Alawale Oluwatoyin Adeola-Musa Abayomi Adenekan Akin Oyebade Mosur Bello Michael Olugbile Olusegun Adeoye Gabriel Olatunji Department of Community Medicine Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH) Teaching Hospital Osogbo Osun State Nigeria Department of Community Medicine University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control Osun State Ministry of Health Osogbo Osun State Nigeria Osun State Agency for the Control of AIDS Osogbo Nigeria HIV Programme Development Project (HPDP2) World Bank Abuja Nigeria

Orphans and Vulnerable Children (OVC) and their families face many challenges but there are opportunities to provide care and support programmes for them in their communities. This paper presents the achievements and implications of HIV Programme Development Project (HPDP) funded by World Bank on care and support services for OVC in Osun State, Nigeria. Eight civil Society Organisations (CSOs) were engaged by Osun State Agency for the Control of AIDS (OSACA) as part of HPDP to provide care and support services for OVC between year 2013 and 2015. Using reporting tools, data collected by the CSOs were entered into District Health Information System 2 (DHIS2) platform and analysed using Microsoft Excel. In addition, Key Informant Interviews (KII) were conducted among the selected CSOs, OVC and the caregivers who were beneficiaries of HPDP in Osun State, Nigeria. A total of 12,353 OVC were reached and about half of them were female. There was an increase in the trends of number of OVC seen and the support services provided from the year 2013 to 2015. Of the 12,353 OVC that benefitted from this programme, 1905 (15.4%) received health care services, 5383 (43.6%) received nutritional services, 5317 (43.0%) received educational services and 9861 (79.8%) were provided with psychosocial support services. About 503 (4.1%) of the OVC received economic strengthening services while 270 (2.2%) of household heads were provided with economic support. However, 3 OVC were lost to follow-up, 14 OVC voluntarily withdrew from the project and 6 OVC died. The FGD and KII revealed that the project was very impactful in transforming the lives of the OVC. Programmes for children orphaned and made vulnerable by HIV/AIDS will contribute to the achievement of HIV/ AIDS prevention and control efforts. The HIV/AIDS free generation can be built by responding to the physical, social and mental needs of these children and their families in their communities. There is a need to scale-up this programme

关键词： HIV Orphans Vulnerable Children HPDP Care and Support Nigeria

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The effects of different travel modes and travel destinations on COVID-19 transmission in global cities

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Science Bulletin 2022年第6期67卷 588-592,M0003页

作者： Rui Zhu Luc Anselin Michael Batty Mei-Po Kwan Min Chen Wei Luo Tao Cheng Che Kang Lim Paolo Santi Cheng Cheng Qiushi Gu Man Sing Wong Kai Zhang Guonian Lü Carlo Ratti Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics the Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment(Ministry of Education) Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Senseable City Laboratory Future Urban Mobility IRGSingapore-MIT Alliance for Research and TechnologySingapore 138602Singapore Center for Spatial Data Science Division of the Social SciencesUniversity of ChicagoChicago IL 60637USA School of Geography Science Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis Faculty of the Built EnvironmentUniversity College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUK Department of Geography and Resource Management the Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Institute of Space and Earth Information Science the Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning Utrecht UniversityUtrecht 3584 CSNetherlands State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution Nanjing 210023China Department of Geography National University of SingaporeSingapore 117570Singapore SpaceTimeLab Department of CivilEnvironmental and Geomatic EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUK Department of Clinical Translational Research Singapore General HospitalSingapore 169856Singapore Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine Department of Laboratory MedicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholm 17177Sweden Senseable City Laboratory Department of Urban Studies and PlanningMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA Istituto di Informatica e Telematica del CNR Pisa 56124Italy Department of System Science Institute of High Performance Computing Agency for ScienceTechnology and ResearchSingapore 138632Singapore Department of Tourism Studies School of HumanitiesSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China

The international community has made significant efforts to flatten the COVID-19 curve,including predicting transmission[1,2],executing unprecedented global lockdowns and social distancing[3,4],promoting the wearing of facemasks and social distancing measures[5],and isolating confirmed cases and contacts[6].Because of the adverse consequences of these lockdown measures[7],many cities have reopened so they can rebuild their ***,as mobility has gradually returned towards normal,imported cases from unknown sources have disrupted the recovery situation,and cities are continually at high risk of new waves of infection[8,9]since airborne transmission is the dominant transmission route[10].

关键词：多变量时间序列疫情传播出行方式谷歌公司交通出行病毒传播出行行为大城市

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COVID-19 Infected Lung Computed Tomography Segmentation and Supervised Classification Approach

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第7期68卷 391-407页

作者： Aqib Ali Wali Khan Mashwani Samreen Naeem Muhammad Irfan Uddin Wiyada Kumam Poom Kumam Hussam Alrabaiah Farrukh Jamal Christophe Chesneau Department of Computer Science Concordia College BahawalpurBahawalpur63100Pakistan Department of Computer Science&IT Glim Institute of Modern StudiesBahawalpur63100Pakistan Institute of Numerical Sciences Kohat University of Science&TechnologyKohat26000Pakistan Institute of Computing Kohat University of Science and TechnologyKohat26000Pakistan Program in Applied Statistics Department of Mathematics and Computer ScienceFaculty of Science and TechnologyRajamangala University of Technology ThanyaburiThanyaburi12110Thailand Departments of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceCenter of Excellence in Theoretical and Computational Science(TaCS-CoE)&KMUTT Fixed Point Research LaboratoryRoom SCL 802 Fixed Point LaboratoryScience Laboratory BuildingKing Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi(KMUTT)Bangkok10140Thailand Department of Medical Research China Medical University HospitalTaichung40402Taiwan College of Engineering Al Ain UniversityAl Ain64141United Arab Emirates Department of Mathematics Tafila Technical UniversityTafila66110Jordan Department of Statistics The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur63100Pakistan 11Department of MathematicsUniversitéde CaenLMNOCaen14032France

The purpose of this research is the segmentation of lungs computed tomography(CT)scan for the diagnosis of COVID-19 by using machine learning *** dataset contains data from patients who are prone to the *** contains three types of lungs CT images(Normal,Pneumonia,and COVID-19)collected from two different sources;the first one is the Radiology Department of Nishtar hospital Multan and civil hospital Bahawalpur,Pakistan,and the second one is a publicly free available medical imaging database known as *** the preprocessing,a novel fuzzy c-mean automated region-growing segmentation approach is deployed to take an automated region of interest(ROIs)and acquire 52 hybrid statistical features for each ***,12 optimized statistical features are selected via the chi-square feature reduction *** the classification,five machine learning classifiers named as deep learning J4,multilayer perceptron,support vector machine,random forest,and naive Bayes are deployed to optimize the hybrid statistical features *** is observed that the deep learning J4 has promising results(sensitivity and specificity:0.987;accuracy:98.67%)among all the deployed *** a complementary study,a statistical work is devoted to the use of a new statistical model to fit the main datasets of COVID-19 collected in Pakistan.

关键词： COVID-19 machine learning fuzzy c-mean deep learning J4

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Cardiovascular Risk Factors in the civil Service of Oyo State, South-Western Nigeria: An Epidemic with an Unmatched Response

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2020年第8期10卷 587-607页

作者： Olaniyan Akintunde Babatunde Sunday Olakunle Olarewaju Adeleye Abiodun Adeomi Joel Olufunminiyi Akande Sunday Thomas Sola Adenike Iyanuoluwa Olugbenga-Bello James O. Bamidele Department of Community Medicine Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso Oyo State Nigeria Oriire Local Government Health Authority Ikoyi-Ile Oyo State Nigeria Department of Community Medicine Osun State University Osogbo Osun State Nigeria Department of Community Medicine Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Osun State Nigeria Department of Chemical Pathology BOWEN University Teaching Hospital Ogbomoso Oyo State Nigeria Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programme Asokoro Abuja Nigeria Department of Community Medicine Ekiti State University Ado-Ekiti Ekiti State Nigeria

Background: Worldwide, the burden of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors is rising with devastating impacts on the productive workforce. In developing nations, it has further led to an unstable population pyramid as a result of premature deaths of her workforce leading to the continued tapering of the pyramidal apex. Inspite of this, many studies were conducted among the general population neglecting the local government civil servants who are seen as policy implementers. Therefore, the study assessed the pattern of CV risk factors in South-western Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 260 local government workers selected by multistage sampling technique from July to September 2017. A pretested, interviewer-administered questionnaire was administered to obtain socio-demographic and behavioural information. Lipid analysis, anthropometric, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose measurements were done according to protocols. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25;bivariate analysis was done using Chi-square. Level of significance was at 5%. Results: The mean age of respondents was 46.0 ± 6.7 years. The proportion of participants with good knowledge of risk factors was 57.7%. The proportion of respondent with hypertension, visceral obesity, general obesity, diabetes, smoking and physical inactivity was 40.4%, 35.0%, 52.2%, 38.2%, 5.8% and 75.8% respectively. The prevalence of elevated total cholesterol (↑TC), raised low-density lipoprotein (

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Spatial and Temporal Variation of Particulate Matter (PM10 and PM2.5) and Its Health Effects during the Haze Event in Malaysia

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Journal of Atmospheric Science Research 2023年第4期6卷 26-47页

作者： Afiqah Ma’amor Norazian Mohamed Noor Izzati Amani Mohd Jafri Nur Alis Addiena Ahmad Zia Ul Saufie Nor Azrita Amin Madalina Boboc Gyorgy Deak Faculty of civil Engineering&Technology Universiti Malaysia PerlisJejawiArauPerlis02600Malaysia Sustainable Environment Research Group(SERG) Centre of Excellence Geopolymer and Technology(CEGeoGTech)JejawiArauPerlis02600Malaysia Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences Universiti Teknologi Mara(UiTM)Shah Alam40450Malaysia Institute of Engineering Mathematics Universiti Malaysia PerlisPauh Putra CampusArauPerlis02600Malaysia National Institute for Research and Development in Environmental Protection INCDPM Splaiul Independentei 294Bucharest060031Romania

This study aims to assess and compare levels of particulate matter(PM10 and PM2.5)in urban and industrial areas in Malaysia during haze episodes,which typically occur in the south west monsoon *** high concentrations of atmospheric particles are mainly due to pollution from neighbouring *** PM concentrations were analysed for urban and industrial areas including Alor Setar,Tasek,Shah Alam,Klang,Bandaraya Melaka,Larkin,Balok Baru,and Kuala Terengganu in 2018 and *** analysis employed spatiotemporal to examine how PM levels were *** data summary revealed that PM levels in all study areas were right-skewed,indicating the occurrence of high particulate *** peaks in PM concentrations during haze events were consistently observed between June and October,encompassing the south west monsoon and inter-monsoon *** study on acute respiratory illnesses primarily focused on *** revealed that Klang had the highest mean number of inpatient cases for acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma(AEBA)and acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD)with values of 260.500 and 185.170,***,for outpatient cases of AEBA and AECOPD,Klang had the highest average values of 41.67 and 14.00,*** Alam and Sungai Buloh did not show a significant increase in cases during periods of biomass *** statistical analysis concluded that higher concentrations of PM were associated with increased hospital admissions,particularly from June to September,as shown in the bar *** episodes were associated with more healthcare utilization due to haze-related respiratory illnesses,seen in higher inpatient and outpatient visits(p<0.05).However,seasonal variability had minimal impact on healthcare *** findings offer a comprehensive assessment of PM levels during historic haze episodes,providing valuable insights for authorities to develop policies and guidelines fo

关键词： Haze Particulate matter(PM10 and PM2.5) AEBA and AECOPD Spatial variability

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以亮氨酸合成为例刍议代谢中的生物化学相似性规律

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大学化学 2019年第5期34卷 80-87页

作者：蒋振雄王鹏马新雨田杰张军姜汉杰石瑾慧王志鹏 Department of Biology Texas A&M University College Station TX 77840 USA 中山大学附属第一医院烧伤外科广州510080 Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University College Station TX 77840 USA Division of Genetics Department of Medicine Brigham and Women’s Hospital Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA 北京师范大学教师教育研究中心北京100875 中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院北京100083

生物体内纷杂多样的代谢过程存在诸多规律可循。本文以亮氨酸代谢为例提供一种教学的新模式。结合其他学科知识从基础代谢角度归纳总结生物代谢中化学原理的内在规律;同时,通过对比不同代谢路径中类似酶在进化上的相似性,发现自然界选... 详细信息

生物体内纷杂多样的代谢过程存在诸多规律可循。本文以亮氨酸代谢为例提供一种教学的新模式。结合其他学科知识从基础代谢角度归纳总结生物代谢中化学原理的内在规律;同时,通过对比不同代谢路径中类似酶在进化上的相似性,发现自然界选择这种代谢方式的规律和原因。这种对比不同代谢路径异同的教学模式,可以帮助学生总结生物代谢不同路径之间的内在规律,加深对相关代谢过程的理解,同时也避免生物化学代谢过程杂乱无章、无迹可寻的错误印象,并增加学习过程的趣味性和思辨性。作为对基础生物化学和生物工程等相关课程中代谢过程教学的改革探索,希望对培养21世纪高素质人才有助。

关键词：亮氨酸三羧酸循环合成代谢

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