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Bone-targeted therapies to reduce skeletal morbidity in prostate cancer

Asian Journal of Andrology 2018年第3期20卷 215-220页

作者： Tanya B Dorff Neeraj Agarwal USC Keck School of Medicine USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center Genitourinary Oncology Los Angeles CA 90033 USA Hunts Man cancer Institute Universityof Utah 2000 Circle of Hope Salt Lake City UT 84112 USA

Bone metastases are the main driver of morbidity and mortality in advanced prostate cancer. Targeting the bone microenvironment, a key player in the pathogenesis of bone metastasis, has become one of the mainstays of therapy in men with advanced prostate cancer. This review will evaluate the data supporting the use of bone-targeted therapy, including （1） bisphosphonates such as zoledronic acid, which directly target osteoclasts, （2） denosumab, a receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B （RANK） ligand inhibitor, which targets a key component of bone stromal interaction, and （3） radium-223, an alpha-emitting calcium mimetic, which hones to the metabolically active areas of osteoblastic metastasis and induces double-strand breaks in the DNA. Denosumab has shown enhanced delay in skeletal-related events compared to zoledronic acid in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer （mCRPC）. Data are mixed with regard to pain control as a primary measure of efficacy. New data call into question dosing frequency, with quarterly dosing strategy potentially achieving similar effect compared to monthly dosing for zoledronic acid. In the case of radium-223, there are data for both pain palliation and improved overall survival in mCRPC. Further studies are needed to optimize timing and combination strategies for bone-targeted therapies. Ongoing studies will explore the impact of combining bone-targeted therapy with investigational therapeutic agents such as immunotherapy, for advanced prostate cancer. Future studies should strive to develop biomarkers of response, in order to improve efficacy and cost-effectiveness of these agents.

关键词： bisphosphonate bone metastases prostate cancer radiopharmaceutical receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B-ligand

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Corroborative Activities and Recognition Between Community comprehensive Care Unit’s Nurses and Care Managers in Supporting Discharge of Elderly from Hospital - A Secondary Publication

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Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research 2024年第4期8卷 381-392页

作者： Yukie Sakamoto Shizuko Omote Rie Okamoto Yutaro Takahashi Satomi Ikeuchi Division of Health Sciences Graduate School of Medical SciencesKanazawa UniversityKanazawa 920-0934Japan Kanazawa city Community comprehensive Support center Tobiume Kanazawa 920-0938Japan Faculty of Health Sciences Institute of MedicalPharmaceutical and Health SciencesKanazawa UniversityKanazawa 920-1192Japan

Objective: The purpose of this study was to clarify the collaborative activities and mutual recognition between community comprehensive care unit nurses (Ns) and care managers (CM) in supporting the discharge of the elderly from the hospital. Methods: A total of 300 nurses working in community comprehensive care wards and 360 care managers working in B city in A Prefecture were surveyed using an anonymous self-administered questionnaire. Results: The highest percentage of responses regarding necessary collaborative activities with multiple professions in supporting hospital discharge were the same for Ns and CMs. The items regarding practice with the highest percentages were “relationship as a team” for Ns, and “user-centered awareness” for CM. While these professionals were willing to share information about their patients’ lives after discharge, the percentage of those explaining their expertise was low. It is thought that collaborative activities focusing on these aspects would lead to more appropriate discharge support.

关键词： Discharge support Community comprehensive care ward Ward nurses Care managers Collaborative activities

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Arsenic and fluoride co-enrichment of groundwater in the loess areas and associated human health risks:A case study of Dali County in the Guanzhong Basin

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China Geology 2024年第3期7卷 445-459页

作者： Rui-ping Liu Fei Liu Hua-qing Chen Yu-ting Yang Hua Zhu You-ning Xu Jian-gang Jiao Refaey M El-Wardany Xi'an center China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesXi'an 710054China Observation and Research Station of Environmental Geology of Typical Mines in Shaanxi Province MNRXi'an 710054China Key Laboratory for Geo-hazards in Loess Area MNRXi'an 710054China Dalian Ocean and Fishery comprehensive Administration Supervision Lochus Dalian 116000China Pingliang city Development and Reform Commission Pingliang 744000China School of Earth Science and Resources Chang’an UniversityXi'an 710054China Faculty of Science Al-Azhar UniversityAssiut 71524Egypt

This study aims to reveal the occurrence and origin of typical groundwater with high arsenic and fluoride concentrations in the loess area of the Guanzhong Basin—a Neogene faulted *** findings are as follows:(1)Groundwater samples with high arsenic and fluoride concentrations collected from the loess area and the terraces of the Weihe River accounted for 26%and 30%,respectively,of the total samples,with primary hydrochemical type identified as HCO_(3)-*** karst and sand areas exhibit relatively high groundwater quality,serving as preferred sources for water *** is recommended that local governments fully harness groundwater in these areas;(2)groundwater with high arsenic and fluoride concentrations in the loess area and the alluvial plain of rivers in Dali County is primarily distributed within the Guanzhong Basin,which represents the drainage zone of groundwater;(3)arsenic and fluoride in groundwater originate principally from natural and anthropogenic sources;(4)the human health risk assessments reveal that long-term intake of groundwater with high arsenic and fluoride concentrations pose cancer or non-cancer risks,which are more serious to kids compared to *** study provides a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of groundwater with high arsenic and fluoride concentrations in loess areas.

关键词： Arsenic Fluoride Groundwater cancer risk Kid and adult Human health risk assessment Hydrogeological survey engineering Environmental geological survey engineering Loess areas

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Genesis of the Shijia Gold Deposit， Jiaodong Peninsula， China: Constraints from Fluid Inclusions and Stable Isotopes

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年

作者： Liqiang Feng Ruiwen Shen Xuexiang Gu Yongmei Zhang Zhanlin Ge Yingshuai Zhang Yu He Natural Resources comprehensive Survey Command center China Geological Survey Ha'erbin Natural Resources Survey Command center China Geological Survey School of Earth Sciences and Resources， China University of Geosciences State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources， China University of Geosciences Beijing Xi'an Mineral Resources Survey center China Geological Survey Department of Natural Resources of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture

The Shijia gold deposit， situated in Penglai city， Shandong Province， is distinguished by its fracture-filling auriferous quartz-sulfide veins. Studies of fluid inclusions and stable isotopes （H-O-C-S） were conducted on this deposit， revealing that the auriferous quartz primarily contains four types of fluid inclusions: CO2-H2O inclusions， pure CO2inclusions， two-phase aqueous inclusions， and solid mineral-bearing multiphase inclusions. The ore-forming fluids of Shijia belong to a heterogeneous H2O-CO2-NaCl system， characterized by moderate to high temperatures （187–386 ℃）， low to high salinities (0.2%–41.2% NaCleq)， and low densities (0.72–1.07 g/cm3). Fluid immiscibility and fluid-rock interaction may have occurred at Shijia， with mineralization depths ranging from 3.3 to 3.9 km. The δD and δ18OH2Ovalues of auriferous quartz vary from -86.1‰ to -79.1‰ and from 9.4‰ to 10.5‰， respectively， suggesting that the ore-forming fluids are of magmatic origin. Carbon isotope compositions of the hydrothermal calcite （-3.31‰ to -0.86‰） indicate the carbon might be related to a mantle source that was contaminated by marine carbonates. The positive δ34S values of sulfides （4.3‰–7.3‰） reflect that the ore-forming materials may be sourced from the metasomatized lithospheric mantle beneath the North China Craton， related to the subduction of the Yangtze Craton in the Triassic. Collectively， the evidence from geology， fluid inclusion and H-O-C-S isotopes indicate that the Shijia gold deposit is of magmatic-hydrothermal origin and related to the Guojialing granite formed by the mixing of crust- and mantle-derived magmas.

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Preoperative Concern about Nausea and Vomiting and Postoperative Use of Antiemetics among Patients Undergoing Breast cancer-Related Surgery

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2018年第6期8卷 198-203页

作者： John L. Raytis Carolyn E. Behrendt Richard Obenchain Matthew Loscalzo Michael W. Lew Department of Anesthesiology City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center Duarte CA USA Information Sciences City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center Duarte CA USA Patient and Family Services City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center Duarte CA USA

Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) can lead to complications and increased healthcare costs. We investigated whether patient preoperative concern about PONV is associated with postoperative antiemetic use, independently of Apfel score. Methods: Patients eligible for study were English- or Spanish-speaking women with breast cancer undergoing mastectomy, lumpectomy or reconstructive surgery as outpatients during July 2014-July 2017, when the pre-anesthesia clinic routinely screened for preoperative concern via tablet computer-based survey. Excluded were patients who did not rate their concern or lacked Apfel score. Risk factors for concern were evaluated in a multinomial model adjusted for multiple hypotheses. Using generalized linear regression, preoperative concern was tested for association with number of antiemetics administered in the postanesthesia care unit. Results:?Of preoperative surveys, 7.1% (58/812) were excluded for missing data, leaving n = 754 surveys contributed by n = 706 subjects (age 26 - 80 years). Patient preoperative concern ranged from none (32.8%), mild (30.2%), moderate (22.9%), severe (7.8%), to very severe (6.2%). Adjusted for age, concern was increased by history of motion sickness (Odds Ratio 1.51, 95% Confidence Interval 1.11 - 2.06) and history of PONV (9.02, 6.30 - 12.90) and decreased by prior surgery without PONV (0.35, 0.23 - 0.53) and Spanish as primary language (0.42, 0.25 - 0.68). Number of postoperative antiemetics, usually 1 (41.2%) or 2 (33.4%) drugs, was unassociated with preoperative concern before or after adjustment for Apfel score. Conclusions: Among women undergoing breast cancer-related surgery, preoperative concern about PONV varies by prior history of PONV and motion sickness and by ethnicity. However, preoperative concern is not associated with postoperative antiemetic medications.

关键词： Antiemetics Patient Generated Data Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting

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Rising trends in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma incidence and mortality: getting at the root cause

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2019年第3期8卷 301-303页

作者： Mustafa Raoof Gagandeep Singh Department of Surgery City of Hope Cancer CenterDuarteCA 91010USA

Several epidemiologic studies over the years have demonstrated that there is a worldwide increase in the incidence of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICC)(1-5).Given the aggressive biology of ICC and poor survival,it ... 详细信息

关键词： mortality intrahepatic carcinoma

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Socioeconomic Impact and Response Strategies to the Multifaceted Respiratory Illness Outbreak in Northern China:Beyond Influenza A and Mycoplasma Pneumoniae

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China CDC weekly 2024年第36期6卷 934-938页

作者： Xi Wang Rongfeng Zhou Ting Li Shuai Du Ayan Mao Wuqi Qiu Hongzhou Lu Institute of Medical Information Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina Department of Infectious Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesThe Third People’s Hospital of ShenzhenShenzhen CityGuangdong ProvinceChina.

This study examines the socioeconomic and public health effects of a recent respiratory illness outbreak in northern China,focusing on Beijing following the lifting of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)*** analyzes the implications of increased influenza A(H3N2)and Mycoplasma pneumoniae cases on urban health systems and economic *** mixed-methods study integrated a review of academic and governmental literature,a quantitative analysis of public health data,and a qualitative assessment of response *** indicate a significant increase in respiratory illnesses in late 2023,prompting a proactive response from health authorities that involved expanded hospital capacity and intensified ***,including resource limitations and public health fatigue,persisted,affecting response *** outbreak management was achieved through immediate health responses,although the event highlighted the need for improved infrastructure,surveillance,and policy *** emphasize the importance of international collaboration and comprehensive preparedness plans to strengthen global health security for future epidemics.

关键词： intensified lifting prompt

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Mechanical Complications after Myocardial Infarction: A comprehensive Review

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 43-60页

作者： Alexis D. Aparicio-Ortiz María Natalia Alonso-Jimenez Adrian Espejel-Guzman Aldo Cabello-Ganem Javier Serrano-Roman Santiago Luna-Alcala Nilda Espinola-Zavaleta Department of Nuclear Cardiology National Institute of Cardiology Ignacio Chavez Mexico City Mexico Department of Echocardiography ABC Medical Center Mexico City Mexico

Mechanical complications of myocardial infarction are potentially fatal events that can occur after an acute myocardial infarction. While the introduction of primary percutaneous reperfusion and fibrinolysis has reduced the incidence of these complications to less than 1%. These complications pose significant hemodynamic consequences and necessitate prompt diagnosis. Echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography are valuable tools for establishing an accurate and expedited diagnosis. Consequently, it is imperative to conduct further scientific research to enhance hemodynamic stabilization techniques such as intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, in addition to exploring new surgical procedures that can reduce mortality resulting from mechanical complications. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of mechanical complications following myocardial infarction and their correlation with multi-imaging, facilitating a better understanding of these complications.

关键词： Infarction Mechanical Complications Echocardiography Magnetic Resonance

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A Systematic Review of the Definition,Measurement,and Associated Factors of Pandemic Fatigue

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China CDC weekly 2024年第36期6卷 924-933,I0007页

作者： Ruohan Chen Qi Tan Bowen Su Shuqi Wang Zhanwei Du WHO Collaborating center for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Control School of Public HealthLKS Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health Limited Hong Kong Science ParkHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Nanjing Tech University Nanjing CityJiangsu ProvinceChina School of Cybersecurity Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an CityShaanxi ProvinceChina.

The rapid emergence and widespread transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)have prompted governments worldwide to enact policies and measures to manage the virus’s *** interventions have substantially contributed to controlling disease ***,they have also significantly disrupted daily life,leading to increased public fatigue and resistance to sustained control measures,a phenomenon known as pandemic *** develop a comprehensive understanding of pandemic fatigue,this review systematically explores the concept and identifies quantitative indicators for measuring *** reviewed studies on pandemic fatigue across various countries,summarized the contributing factors,and analyzed its impact on personal protective *** findings indicate that the enforcement of health measures significantly influences the onset of pandemic fatigue,while individual perceptions of risk can negatively affect personal protective behaviors,creating a feedback loop with increasing *** results underscore the importance of considering the current severity of the pandemic and individual decisionmaking processes in the implementation of *** our understanding of pandemic fatigue is essential for developing effective policy responses in preparation for future potential epidemics.

关键词： fatigue protective prompt

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Spatial distribution characteristics and influence factor analysis of landslides——case study of the Hanwang area in Qinba Mountains

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Earthquake Research Advances 2024年第3期4卷 55-65页

作者： Jikai Zhang Yanbo Cao Wen Fan Wenbo Zheng Zequan Wang Chengcheng He Hongquan Teng School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics Chang’an UniversityXi'an710054China Mine Geological Disasters Mechanism and Prevention Key Laboratory Xi'an710054China China DK comprehensive Investigate and Design Research Institute Co. Ltd.Xi'an710054China Shaanxi Engineering Technology Research center for Urban Geology and Underground Space Xi'an710068China Shaanxi Hydrogeology Engineering Geology and Environment Geology Survey CenterXi'an710068China Chang'an University Xi'anShaanxiChina

The geological hazards of landslides in Hanwang Town, Ziyang County, Ankang city, Shaanxi Province, have emerged. Yet, the current understanding of the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of landslides in this area remains unclear. Combining the results of remote sensing interpretation and field investigation, seven influencing factors, namely, elevation, slope direction, slope gradient, distance from rivers, distance from faults, engineering geologic lithology, and distance from roads, are selected for the study. The distribution characteristics of landslides in each influencing factor and the influence of the resolution of the Digital Elevation Model(DEM) on the results are statistically and analytically analyzed. Furthermore, two highrisk landslides within the study area were subjected to comprehensive analysis, integrating the findings from drilling and other field investigations in order to examine their deformation mechanisms. Based on this analysis,the following conclusions were derived:(1) 34 landslides in the study area, mainly small earth landslides, with a distribution density of 0.42/km~2, threatening 414 people and property of about 55.87 million Yuan.(2)The landslides in the study area easily occur in the <400 m elevation range;the landslides are developed in all slope directions, the gradient is mainly concentrated in the range of 10°–40°, the distribution density of the landslides is higher in the closer distance from the river and the faults(0–200 m), the landslide-prone strata are mainly the softer and weaker metamorphic rocks, and the landslides are mainly around roads.(3) The resolution of the DEM should be selected based on the specific conditions of the study area, the requirements of the investigation, and the scale of the landslide. Opting for an appropriate DEM resolution is advantageous for understanding the patterns of landslides and conducting risk assessments in the region.(4) The Zhengjiabian landslide is a trac

关键词： Landslide Spatial distribution Influence factor Landslide density Deformation mechanism DEM

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