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AWells-Riley/based COVID-19 infectiousrisk assessment model combining both short rangeandroom scale effects

Building Simulation 2024年第1期17卷 93-111页

作者： Yinshuai Feng Yifan Fan Xiaoyu Luo Jian Ge College of Civil Engineering and Architecture Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina center for Balance Architecture Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina International Research center for Green Building and Low-Carbon city International CampusZhejiang UniversityHainingChina

There is growing evidence of the high transmission potential of COVID-19 through virus-laden *** aerosols are inhaled in various concentrations,an overall assessment of transmission risks at different indoor scales is ***,a comprehensive risk assessment method that evaluates the direct link between short-range and room-scale zones is stl *** this paper,a risk assessment model combining both short-range and room-scale effects is developed to obtain effective reproduction number in confined indoor environments,called Turbulent Jet Wells Riley(TJWR)*** with the viral load data and aerosol generation data of different human respiratory activities,the Monte Carlo simulation method is applied to calculate the quanta emission rate,which further provides the input parameters of the TJWR *** known outbreaks(Hangzhou banquet hall X,Guangzhou restaurant Y,and Hong Kong restaurant Z,China)are chosen to validate the TJWR *** show that the TJWR model is more efficient than the original Wells-Riley *** average relative error of the TJWR model ranges between 9%and 44%,while for the Wells-Riley model,it ranges between 57%and 78%.The TJWR model also proves that infection risk assessments using the well-mixed assumption can systematically underestimate the transmission risk for those close to the ***,there is a significant positive linear correlation between the total number of exposed individuals at the short-range and the effective reproduction *** newly developed TJWR model has great potential for rapid and real-time overall airborne transmission risk assessment in buildings and cities.

关键词： COVID-19 airborne transmission infection risk Wells-Riley model Monte Carlo simulation

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Estimated Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Coverage Among Females 9-45 Years of Age — China, 2017-2022

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China CDC weekly 2024年第19期6卷 413-417页

作者： Junlei Chen Zhaonan Zhang Weiyi Pan Yifan Song Lu Zheng Li Li Jiakai Ye Lei Cao Wenzhou Yu Fujian center for Disease Control and Prevention Fuzhou CityFujian ProvinceChina National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases(NITFID) BeijingChina National Immunization Program Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Jining center for Disease Control and Prevention Jining CityShandong ProvinceChina

Summary What is already known on this topic?There is a lack of comprehensive data on the coverage of the human papillomavirus(HPV)vaccine in *** limited published literature hampers our ability to accurately assess th... 详细信息

关键词： vaccine Vaccine China.

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Investigation of Nasal Mucosal IgA Responses in the Population Following COVID-19 Pandemic — China, September 2022–August 2023

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China CDC weekly 2024年第15期6卷 312-317,I0005页

作者： Boyang Li Lei Zhou Zhilong Chen Yanhan Wen Qian Wang Tao Huang Si Chen Wei Wu Mengxuan Wang Lina Sun Mifang Liang Shiwen Wang Ling Chen Qun Li National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Xiamen United Institute of Respiratory Health Xiamen CityFujian ProvinceChina Guangzhou Laboratory Guangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina

What is already known about this topic?Mucosal IgA plays a crucial role in host immunity against respiratory *** studies suggest that it has the potential to mitigate the transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)Omicron ***,a comprehensive population-based analysis examining mucosal IgA levels following the winter 2022 wave of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic is yet to be *** is added by this report?In our study involving 3,421 participants,we documented IgA responses subsequent to SARS-CoV-2 infection.A significant proportion of individuals sustained increased levels of IgA for over six *** levels were also observed in individuals with prior infections who underwent asymptomatic reinfections,indicating an active production of IgA ***,individuals with multiple vaccinations or severe symptoms tended to display elevated IgA levels after *** are the implications for public health practice?IgA in the nasal mucosa is crucial for defense against SARS-CoV-2 *** insights can enhance our knowledge of immune responses following infection and have provided certain reference values for disease prevention and control strategies.

关键词： prevention sustained immunity

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Push forward LC-MS-based therapeutic drug monitoring and pharmacometabolomics for anti-tuberculosis precision dosing and comprehensive clinical management

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2024年第1期14卷 16-38页

作者： Nguyen Quang Thu Nguyen Tran Nam Tien Nguyen Thi Hai Yen Thuc-Huy Duong Nguyen Phuoc Long Huy Truong Nguyen Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research center Inje University College of MedicineBusan47392Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry University of EducationHo Chi Minh City700000Viet Nam Faculty of Pharmacy Ton Duc Thang UniversityHo Chi Minh City700000Viet Nam

The spread of tuberculosis(TB),especially multidrug-resistant TB and extensively drug-resistant TB,has strongly motivated the research and development of new anti-TB *** strategies to facilitate drug combinations,including pharmacokinetics-guided dose optimization and toxicology studies of first-and second-line anti-TB drugs have also been introduced and *** chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)has arguably become the gold standard in the analysis of both endo-and exo-genous *** technique has been applied successfully not only for therapeutic drug monitoring(TDM)but also for pharmacometabolomics *** improves the effectiveness of treatment,reduces adverse drug reactions,and the likelihood of drug resistance development in TB patients by determining dosage regimens that produce concentrations within the therapeutic target *** on TDM,the dose would be optimized individually to achieve favorable *** is essential in generating and validating hypotheses regarding the metabolism of anti-TB drugs,aiding in the discovery of potential biomarkers for TB diagnostics,treatment monitoring,and outcome *** article highlighted the current progresses in TDM of anti-TB drugs based on LC-MS bioassay in the last two ***,we discussed the advantages and disadvantages of this technique in practical *** pressing need for non-invasive sampling approaches and stability studies of anti-TB drugs was ***,we provided perspectives on the prospects of combining LC-MS-based TDM and pharmacometabolomics with other advanced strategies(pharmacometrics,drug and vaccine developments,machine learning/artificial intelligence,among others)to encapsulate in an all-inclusive approach to improve treatment outcomes of TB patients.

关键词： Tuberculosis Therapeutic drug monitoring LC-MS MIPD Pharmacometabolomics Precision medicine

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Radium-223 in metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第3期16卷 348-353页

作者： Winston Vuong Oliver Sartor Sumanta K Pal Department of Medical Oncology and Experimental Therapeutics City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center Duarte CA Department of Medicine Tulane University School of Medicine New Orleans LA USA

In 2004, docetaxel was approved for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer （mCRPC）. For the next several years, there was a lull in drug approvals. However, from 2010 onwards, 5 additional therapies have been approved on the basis of showing a survival benefit in phase III studies. These agents include sipuleuceI-T, cabazitaxel, abiraterone, enzalutamide and （most recently） radium-223. Amongst radiopharmaceuticals currently used for advanced prostate cancer （e.g. samarium-153 and strontium-89）, radium-223 possesses several unique properties. As an alpha-emitting compound, the agent produces a high-energy output over a short range, facilitating selective destruction of tissue within the bone in the region of osteoblastic lesions while sparing surrounding normal tissue. The current review will outline biological rationale for radium-223 and also provide an overview of preclinical and clinical development of the agent. Rational sequencing of radium-223 and combinations, in the increasingly complex landscape of mCRPC will be discussed, along with factors influencing clinical implementation.

关键词： alpharadin bone metastases metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer radiopharmaceuticals radium-223 Xofigo

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Management of localized prostate cancer： the pendulum swings （back to the middle）

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第4期16卷 570-571页

Herein, we discuss 18-year follow-up data from the Scandinavian Prostatecancer Group-4 （SPCG-4） trial, a randomized study comparing observation and radical prostatectomy （RP） in patients with localized prostate cancer. The results of this study are contrasted with another study employing a similar randomization, the Prostate cancer Intervention Versus Observation Trial （PIVOT）. We highlight several key differences in study eligibility and enrollment that may account for distinct results, and describe how these datasets impact the complex landscape of therapy for localized prostate cancer.

关键词： RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY

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Real-world clinical effectiveness of sorafenib among patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma at two centers in the United States

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2023年第10期15卷 1796-1806页

作者： Daneng Li Stephen B Gruber Shrividya Iyer Sanjay Gupta Mohamedtaki Tejani Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer CenterDuarteCA 91010United States center for Precision Medicine City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer CenterDuarteCA 91010United States Department of Oncology Worldwide Real-World EvidenceEisai Inc.NutleyNJ 07110United States Department of Oncology and Hematology Advent Health Cancer InstituteOrlandoFL 32804United States

BACKGROUND In the United States,sorafenib monotherapy was approved in 2007 for first-line(1L)treatment of patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma(uHCC).As other therapies have been approved in recent years for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment in later lines,it is essential to assess clinical effectiveness of older therapies in actual clinical practice to inform healthcare practitioners’decisions for better patient *** To assess patient characteristics/clinical effectiveness of 1L sorafenib in uHCC patients treated in United States academic and community practice *** A retrospective observational study was conducted among adult patients(≥18 years)in the United States initiating sorafenib monotherapy as 1L systemic therapy for uHCC with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group status of 0 or 1 between January 2016 and December 2019 at city of hope and Advent *** were extracted by trained abstractionists from individual patients’electronic health records and captured in electronic case report *** Review Board approvals were obtained prior to study *** were captured from the time of sorafenib initiation until death or the end of *** data were de-identified prior to *** outcomes assessed included provider-reported best response,progression-free survival(PFS),and overall survival(OS).PFS and OS were estimated using Kaplan-Meier *** Among 134 uHCC patients treated with 1L sorafenib,majority were male(75%),and most were Caucasian(62%)or Asian(19%).Median patient age was 64 *** most common etiologies of liver disease were hepatitis C(54%),alcohol-related liver disease(16%),and hepatitis B(11%).Most patients were reported to have Barcelona Clinic Liver cancer stage B(19%)or stage C(70%)*** 134 patients,110(82%)were reported to have discontinued treatment or died during *** reasons for sorafenib discontinuation were reported as progression(35%)and toxici

关键词： Retrospective observational study Sorafenib Hepatocellular carcinoma Clinical effectiveness

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Okazaki fragment maturation:nucleases take centre stage

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分子细胞生物学报:英文版 2011年第1期3卷 23-30页

作者： Li Zheng Binghui Shen Department of cancer Biology City of Hope National Medical Center and Beckman Research InstituteDuarteCA 91010USA

Completion of lagging strand DNA synthesis requires processing of up to 50 million Okazaki fragments per cell cycle in mammalian *** in yeast,the Okazaki fragment maturation happens approximately a million times during a single round of DNA ***,efficient processing of Okazaki fragments is vital for DNA replication and cell *** this process,primase-synthesized RNA/DNA primers are removed,and Okazaki fragments are joined into an intact lagging strand *** processing of RNA/DNA primers requires a group of structure-specific nucleases typified by flap endonuclease 1(FEN1).Here,we sum-marize the distinct roles of these nucleases in different pathways for removal of RNA/DNA *** findings reveal that Okazaki fragment maturation is highly *** dynamic interactions of polymerase d,FEN1 and DNA ligase I with prolif-erating cell nuclear antigen allow these enzymes to act sequentially during Okazaki fragment *** protein–protein interactions may be regulated by post-translational *** also discuss studies using mutant mouse models that suggest two distinct cancer etiological mechanisms arising from defects in different steps of Okazaki fragment *** that affect the efficiency of RNA primer removal may result in accumulation of unligated nicks and DNA double-strand *** DNA strand breaks can cause varying forms of chromosome aberrations,contributing to development of cancer that associates with aneuploidy and gross chromosomal *** the other hand,mutations that impair editing out of polymerase a incorporation errors result in cancer displaying a strong mutator phenotype.

关键词： Okazaki fragment maturation FEN1 DNA2 PCNA RPA cancer

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A General Authentication and Key Agreement Framework for Industrial Control System

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第4期33卷 1046-1062页

作者： Shan GAO Junjie CHEN Bingsheng ZHANG Kui REN Xiaohua YE Yongsheng SHEN School of Cyber Science and Technology Zhejiang University Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation center Zhejiang University Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Blockchain and Cyberspace Governance Hangzhou city Brain Co. Ltd

In modern industrial control systems(ICSs), when user retrieving the data stored in field device like smart sensor, there exists two main problems: one is lack of the verification for identification of user and field device;the other is that user and field device need exchange a key to encrypt sensitive data transmitted over the *** propose a comprehensive authentication and key agreement framework that enables all connected devices in an ICS to mutually authenticate each other and establish a peer-to-peer session key. The framework combines two types of protocols for authentication and session key agreement: The first one is an asymmetric cryptographic key agreement protocol based on transport layer security handshake protocol used for Internet access, while the second one is a newly designed lightweight symmetric cryptographic key agreement protocol specifically for field devices. This proposed lightweight protocol imposes very light computational load and merely employs simple operations like one-way hash function and exclusive-or(XOR) operation. In comparison to other lightweight protocols, our protocol requires the field device to perform fewer computational operations during the authentication phase. The simulation results obtained using Open SSL demonstrates that each authentication and key agreement process in the lightweight protocol requires only 0.005 ms. Our lightweight key agreement protocol satisfies several essential security features, including session key secrecy, identity anonymity, untraceability, integrity, forward secrecy, and mutual authentication. It is capable of resisting impersonation, man-in-the-middle, and replay attacks. We have employed the Gong-NeedhamYahalom(GNY) logic and automated validation of Internet security protocols and application tool to verify the security of our symmetric cryptographic key agreement protocol.

关键词： Performance evaluation Protocols Costs Industrial control Internet security Authentication Time measurement

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Current paradigms and evolving concepts in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第5期13卷 683-689页

作者： Sumanta Kumar Pal Oliver Sartor Division of Genitourinary Malignancies Department of Medical Oncology and Experimental Therapeutics City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center Los Angeles CA USA Tulane University School of Medicine New Orleans LA USA

Until recently, docetaxel-based therapy represented the only therapy shown to prolong survival in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer （mCRPC）. The past year and a half has been marked by unprecedented progress in treatments for this disease. Three positive phase III clinical trials have emerged, each evaluating agents （sipuleuceI-T, cabazitaxel and abiraterone） with distinct mechanisms of action. Herein, the three pivotal trials are described alongside both past and current large phase III studies conducted in this mCRPC. The overall survival for patients with mCRPC treated in current clinical trials is considerably longer than noted in the past. We note that more recent trials with older agents have also shown improved survival and discuss potential non-therapeutic biases that influence this critical measure of outcome. The necessity for utilizing randomized trials when evaluating new therapeutics is emphasized given the changing prognosis in this mCRPC.

关键词： abiraterone bevacizumab cabazitaxel castrate resistant castration resistant docetaxel hormone refractory Jevtana Provenge prostate cancer sipuleuceI-T

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