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On-line Separation and Preconcentration for Histamine Determination in Fish Meal Using Cation-Exchanger Resin

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Journal of Food Science and Engineering 2011年第4期1卷 282-288页

作者： N. A. Fakhri M. S. Abdullah Department of Chemistry College of Science Education University of Salahaddin Erbil 00964 Iraq

FI system was used for the determination of histamine. A mini-column filled with amberlite resin (weak cation exchanger) was introduced to the flow system. A 200 μL of the sample was injected into the carrier stream through the injection valve. The merged streams were passed through a quartz flow cell in a spectrophotometer connected to recorder. Under the optimum conditions, the calibration curve was linear in the range 0.02-1.5 μg mL-1 of histamine using the peak height as an analytical signal, while the detection limit was 0.01 μg mL-1. The precision and accuracy of the method were studied depending upon the values of the relative standard deviation and relative error percentage. The selectivity of the method was investigated by studying the effect of interference from other species accompanied with histamine in fish meal. Under the optimum conditions, the system was used for on line separation, preconcentration of histamine. The proposed method was applied for the determination of histamine in fish meal. The results were compared with the standard method and a good agreement between the results was obtained.

关键词：树脂分离富集阳离子交换组胺鱼粉测定在线相对标准偏差最佳条件

Conversion of adverse data corpus to shrewd output using sampling metrics

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Visual Computing for Industry,Biomedicine,and Art 2020年第1期3卷 202-214页

作者： Shahzad Ashraf Sehrish Saleem Tauqeer Ahmed Zeeshan Aslam Durr Muhammad College of Internet of Things Engineering Hohai UniversityChangzhouJiangsu 210032China Muhammad Nawaz Sharif university.of Engineering&Technology Multan 66000Pakistan Petroweld Kurdistan Region Erbil 42002Iraq Pakistan Steel Mills Karachi Karachi 75200Pakistan

An imbalanced dataset is commonly found in at least one class,which are typically exceeded by the other ones.A machine learning algorithm(classifier)trained with an imbalanced dataset predicts the majority class(frequently occurring)more than the other minority classes(rarely occurring).Training with an imbalanced dataset poses challenges for classifiers;however,applying suitable techniques for reducing class imbalance issues can enhance classifiers’*** this study,we consider an imbalanced dataset from an educational ***,we examine all shortcomings regarding the classification of an imbalanced ***,we apply data-level algorithms for class balancing and compare the performance of *** performance of the classifiers is measured using the underlying information in their confusion matrices,such as accuracy,precision,recall,and F *** results show that classification with an imbalanced dataset may produce high accuracy but low precision and recall for the minority *** analysis confirms that undersampling and oversampling are effective for balancing datasets,but the latter dominates.

关键词： Classification Machine learning Spread subsampling Class imbalance

Droughts and the Impacts of Dry Spells in North of Iraq

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Research in Ecology 2021年第1期3卷 59-69页

作者： Safieh Javadinejad David Hannah Stefan Krause Rebwar Dara Forough Jafary Mohsen Nasseri university.of Birmingham BirminghamUK university.of knowledge ErbilIraq university.of Tehran TehranIran

Different sets of dry spell length such as complete series, monthlymaximum, seasonal maximum, and annual maximum are applied andmodeled with different probability distribution functions (such as GumbelMax, generalized extreme value, Log-Logistic, generalized logistic, inverseGaussian, Log-Pearson 3, generalized Pareto) to recognize in whichduration, dry spells cause drought. The drought situation and temporalanalysis in the North of Iraq region were done using the SPI index andby software of DrinC at a time scale of 3.6 and 12 months. Because ofapplicability, availability of data and the aim of the study, SPI is selectedto analyze the dry spells in this study. Based on the maximum length ofthe available statistical period, the statistics for the years 1980 to 2019were used from nine meteorological stations for analysis. The results of thestudy showed the severity of drought during the study period which relatedto dry spells. The results of this research confirm the variation of droughtoccurrence with varying degrees in different time and different dry spellscondition in Iraq.

关键词： Dry spells Drought Climate change Indices

Karstification Effect on the Stability of Mosul Dam and Its Assessment, North Iraq

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Engineering（科研） 2014年第2期6卷 84-92页

作者： Varoujan K. Sissakian Nadhir Al-Ansari Sven Knutsson Consultant Geologist Erbil Iraq Lulea university.of Technology Lulea Sweden

Mosul Dam is located on the Tigris river, 50 Km NW of Mosul;it is 113 m in height, 3.4 Km in length, 10 m wide in its crest and has a storage capacity of 11.1 billion cubic meters. It is an earth fill dam, constructed on bedrocks of Fat’ha Formation, which consists of gypsum beds alternated with marl and limestone, in cyclic nature. The thickness of gypsum beds attains 18 m;they are intensely karstified even in foundation rocks. Therefore, continuous grouting Programme was planned during construction, which was completed in June 1984, with planned operation age of 80 years. Due to insufficient grouting in the foundation, during last years of the last century, the Karstification was enlarged in size and quantity, causing serious problems to the stability of the dam. Since late eighties of the last century, the status of the dam and its probable collapse has caused a panic to the people of Mosul city and near surroundings. Therefore, many attempts were carried out for assessment of the dam;all of them concluded that the Karstification is the main problem and recommended continuous grouting, using modern techniques. In addition, the authorities started to build another “Badush Dam” south of Mosul Dam so that it can stop the first wave if Mosul Dam if collapsed. All geophysical and geological work executed on the dam site;it concluded that the existence of many weaknesses zones, faults and large karstified areas, in different parts of the dam site.

关键词： Mosul Dam Karstification Sink Hole Iraq

Simulation Mechanical Properties of Lead Sulfur Selenium under Pressure

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Journal of Modern Physics 2013年第2期4卷 185-190页

作者： Mazin S. Othman Department of General Science Faculty of Education Soran University Soran-Erbil Iraq

The elastic properties of lead sulfur selenium are studied using first-principles calculations. The geometry optimized structural parameters for PbS0.5Se0.5 under different pressures are listed. The lattice parameter increase with increasing pressure, but enthalpy is constant. However, parameter B and Y decrease and parameter S increase with increasing pressure. The elastic constants satisfy the traditional mechanical stability conditions for these ternary mixed crystals. The elastic modulus as two functions of pressure from 0 - 10 GPa are obtained. The calculated elastic constants Cij decrease but with different rates under increasing pressure.

关键词： PbSSe Elastic Properties Pressure

Monarch Butterfly Optimization for Reliable Scheduling in Cloud

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第12期69卷 3693-3710页

作者： B.Gomathi S.T.Suganthi Karthikeyan Krishnasamy J.Bhuvana Department of Information Technology Hindusthan College of Engineering and TechnologyCoimbatore641032India Department of Computer Networking Lebanese French UniversityErbil44001Iraq Department of Information Technology Coimbatore Institute of TechnologyCoimbatore641014India Department of MCA School of Computer Science and ITJain(Deemed to be)UniversityBangalore560069India

Enterprises have extensively taken on cloud computing environment since it provides on-demand virtualized cloud application *** scheduling of the cloud tasks is a well-recognized NP-hard *** Task scheduling problem is convoluted while convincing different objectives,which are dispute in *** this paper,Multi-Objective Improved Monarch Butterfly Optimization(MOIMBO)algorithm is applied to solve multi-objective task scheduling problems in the cloud in preparation for Pareto optimal *** different dispute objectives,such as makespan,reliability,and resource utilization,are deliberated for task scheduling *** Epsilonfuzzy dominance sort method is utilized in the multi-objective domain to elect the foremost solutions from the Pareto optimal solution ***,together with the Self Adaptive and Greedy Strategies,have been incorporated to enrich the performance of the proposed *** capability and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm are measured with NSGA-II and MOPSO *** simulation results prompt that the proposed MOIMBO algorithm extensively diminishes the makespan,maximize the reliability,and guarantees the appropriate resource utilization when associating it with identified existing algorithms.

关键词： Improved monarch butterfly optimization cloud computing makespan reliability fuzzy dominance task scheduling

Prevalence and characteristics of polycystic ovarian syndrome in a sample of infertile Kurdish women attending IVF infertility center in maternity teaching hospital of erbil City

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2013年第7期3卷 577-585页

作者： Bayan Hussein Shahla Alalaf Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology College of Medicine Hawler Medical University Erbil City Iraq

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), and to compare the clinical, hormonal and ultrasonography features between infertile women with or without PCOS. Design: A descriptive, comparative study. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted from May 1, 2007 to August 1, 2008, in the Infertility Care and IVF center in Maternity Teaching Hospital, erbil city, Kurdistan region, North ofIraq. A total of 320 infertile women aged 18 - 45 years, were evaluated for clinical features (oligo-/amenorrhea, hirsutism), body mass index, waist-hip ratio (WHR) and hormonal measures. Transvaginal ultrasonography was used to assess the ovarian morphology. The Rotterdam 2003 criteria adopted by the European Society for Human reproduction and Embryology and the American Society for Reproductive Medicine were used to diagnose cases of PCOS. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS version 15. Results: The prevalence of PCOS was 33%. There were a significant differences between the two groups in terms of oligo-/amenorrhea, hirsutism, WHR, and ovarian ultrasound features. There were no significant differences between the two groups in correlations between the level of obesity with the incidences of anovulation, hyperandrogenemia and hirsutism or with hormonal features. Conclusions: A high prevalence rate of PCOS was observed among infertile women attending IVF center using the Rotterdam 2003 criteria for diagnosis.

关键词： Amenorrhea Hirsutism Oligomenorrhea Polycystic Ovaries Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Radon Dosimetry in erbil City Hospitals

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Journal of Physical Science and Application 2012年第7期2卷 240-244页

作者： Ali Hassan Ahmed Salih Omer Haji Hiwa Hamad Azeez Dept. of Physics College of Science University of Salahaddin-Erbil Erbi144004 Iraq Dept. of Physics College of Egueation University of Salahaddin-Erbil Erbi144001 lraq

The aim of the study was to compare radon concentrations and effective dose equivalent in state hospitals inside the erbil city having different periods of building. Effective doses were estimated in different floors of the five selected hospitals by using the (CR-39) solid state nuclear track detectors with the guide of ICRP Publication 66. The hanged dosimeters were left for about 60 days and after etching the radon concentration, annual effective dose and effective dose equivalents were calculated. Annual effective doses were estimated as < 1 mSv, so the results reveal the present concentrations to be below the standard values in the studied hospitals. Therefore, no healthy risks concerning the radon activities are existing in the hospital staff and patients in these hospitals.

关键词：氡浓度医院剂量学有效剂量当量固体核径迹探测器年有效剂量 CR-39 工作人员

Groundwater Flow Modeling for Qushtapa Plain Unconfined Aquifer in Southern erbil Basin, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2020年第3期8卷 116-132页

作者： Shwan Seeyan Soil and Water Department Agricultural Engineering Science College Salahaddin University Erbil Iraq

Increasing population growth and water demand for various purposes such as irrigation, domestic and industrial production in many parts of the Kurdistan Region is causing deficit in fresh water and rising groundwater dependence. Drilling many deep wells in the area unsystematically and continuously increased pumping water from groundwater reservoirs results in lowering of water table. Therefore, it is essential to assess the management of water resources. The study focuses on the groundwater modeling for the Qushtapa District plain area in particular under steady state flow conditions. The aquifer was simulated under unconfined condition and is represented by a single layer of 100 m thickness. MODPATH was used to measure contamination track lines and travel times. This approach involved the introduction of particles at sources of contaminants in the wells and the recharge area, then the identification of the path lines and the determination of the special distribution of contaminants through steady state flow conditions. The simulation of the groundwater head shows that the groundwater head starts from the northeastern part of the plain and decreases towards Lesser Zab River in the south of the plain from 420 m to 140 m above sea level. The modeled layer was calibrated under steady state conditions using hydraulic parameters obtained from observation and pumping wells. The calibrated model is effective in producing steady-state groundwater head distribution and good compliance with observed data. The standard error was estimated as 4.88 m, the normalized root mean square error is 8.3% and the residual mean is 15.79 m. The results of the forward tracking show the source of potential pollutants from the recharge area after different travel time, the particles released at the northern boundary travels to the center and the western part toward the pollution sources. The results of the backward tracking show that the particles located in the extraction wells moved toward

关键词： Unconfined Aquifer Groundwater Model Steady-State Flow Conditions Kurdistan Region