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Oxidative stress,insulin resistance,dyslipidemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Diabetes 2015年第3期6卷 456-480页

作者： Surapon Tangvarasittichai chronic Disease Research unit Department of Medical TechnologyFaculty of Allied Health SciencesNaresuan University

Oxidative stress is increased in metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) and this appears to underlie the development of cardiovascular disease,T2 DM and diabetic *** oxidative stress appears to be a deleterious factor leading toinsulin resistance,dyslipidemia,β-cell dysfunction,impaired glucose tolerance and ultimately leading to T2 *** oxidative stress,hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia are particularly dangerous for β-cells from lowest levels of antioxidant,have high oxidative energy requirements,decrease the gene expression of key β-cell genes and induce cell *** β-cell functioning is impaired,it results in an under production of insulin,impairs glucose stimulated insulin secretion,fasting hyperglycemia and eventually the development of T2 DM.

关键词： Insulin resistance Dyslipidemia Type 2diabetes mellitus Oxidative stress

Burden of Cirrhosis and Other chronic Liver Diseases Caused by Specific Etiologies in China, 1990-2016:Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2020年第1期33卷 1-10页

作者： LI Man WANG Zhuo Qun ZHANG Lu ZHENG Hao LIU Dian Wu ZHOU Mai Geng Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health Department of Epidemiology and StatisticHebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050017HebeiChina National Center for chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention China CDCBeijing 100050China Hebei Chest Hospital Shijiazhuang 050042HebeiChina

Objective To estimate the burden of cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases caused by specific etiologies in *** Data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016(GBD 2016)were *** evaluated the burden by analyzing age-sex-province-specific prevalence,mortality,and disability-adjusted lifeyears(DALYs)of 33 provinces in *** From 1990 to 2016,prevalence cases in thousands increased by 73.7%from 6833.3(95%UI:6498.0–7180.6)to 11869.6(95%UI:11274.6–12504.7).Age-standardized mortality and DALY rates per100,000 decreased by 51.2%and 53.3%,*** and elderly people(aged≥60 years)preponderance were found for prevalence,mortality,and *** number of prevalence cases,deaths,and DALYs due to hepatitis C virus(HCV)increased by 86.6%,8.7%,and 0.9%,***,age-standardized prevalence rates decreased in 31 provinces,but increased in Yunnan and *** Socio-demographic Index(SDI)values were negatively correlated with age-standardized mortality and DALY rates by provinces in 2016;the correlation coefficients were-0.817 and-0.828,*** Cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases remain a huge health burden in China,with the increase of population and the aging of *** B virus(HBV)remains the leading cause of the health burden in China.

关键词： Cirrhosis chronic liver disease China Epidemiology Global burden of disease study

Comparative study of the efficacy and safety of bromfenac, nepafenac and diclofenac sodium for the prevention of cystoid macular edema after phacoemulsification

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2018年第7期11卷 1210-1216页

作者： Ana Maria Chinchurreta Capote Mercedes Lorenzo Soto Francisco Rivas Ruiz Enrique Caso Peláez Alicia Garcia Vazquez Group OftaCosta Antonio Ramos Suárez Ophthalmology Service Health Agency Costa del SolMarbella Malaga 29603 Spain Research unit Health Agency Costa del Sol MarbellaMalaga 29603 Spain National Research Network of Health Services in chronic Diseases (REDISSEC) Madrid 28029 Spain

AIM： To compare the efficacy, tolerability and safety of bromfenac 0.09%, nepafenac 0.1% or diclofenac 0.1% for the prophylaxis of the cystoid macular edema（CME） after phacoemulsification. METHODS： Group sequential observational comparative study. After phacoemulsification, patients received two months for topical treatment of either diclofenac sodium, bromfenac or nepafenac. All patients received concomitant topical tobramycin 0.3% and topical prednisolone 1%. We measured CME using optical coherence tomography（OCT） central foveal thickness, macular thickness and total macular volume. RESULTS： We enrolled 243 patients from January to June 2015, and 35% received diclofenac, 32.9% bromfenac and 32.1% nepafenac. When we compared pre-operative to three weeks to two months, bromfenac was more effective in reducing foveal volume（21.3 and 35.4 mm3, respectively）, compared with the diclofenac（1.3 and 11.5 mm3, respectively）, and the nepafenac group, became more edematous 6.4 and 5.3, respectively. Totally 133 patients completed the post-surgical satisfaction questionnaire. Patients complained of eye stickiness in 13.8% whom we gave nepafenac, versus 10.3% whom we gave diclofenac sodium, and in 0 whom we gave bromfenac. CONCLUSION： Bromfenac is the best tolerated and is more effective than diclofenac and nepafenac in reducing CME after phacoemulsification.

关键词： cystoid macular edema bromfenac diclofenac nepafenac phacoemulsification

Overlaps and divergences between tauopathies and synucleinopathies:a duet of neurodegeneration

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2024年第1期13卷 861-873页

作者： Wen Li Jia-Yi Li Health Sciences Institute Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning ProvinceChina Medical UniversityShenyang 110122China Neural Plasticity and Repair unit Department of Experimental Medical ScienceWallenberg Neuroscience CenterLund UniversityBMC A1022184 LundSweden

Proteinopathy,defined as the abnormal accumulation of proteins that eventually leads to cell death,is one of the most significant pathological features of neurodegenerative ***,represented by Alzheimer’s disease(AD),and synucleinopathies,represented by Parkinson’s disease(PD),show similarities in multiple *** manifests extrapyramidal symptoms while dementia is also a major sign of advanced *** and other researchers have sequentially shown the cross-seeding phenomenon ofα-synuclein(α-syn)and tau,reinforcing pathologies between synucleinopathies and *** highly overlapping clinical and pathological features imply shared pathogenic mechanisms between the two groups of *** diagnostic and therapeutic strategies seemingly appropriate for one distinct neurodegenerative disease may also apply to a broader ***,a clear understanding of the overlaps and divergences between tauopathy and synucleinopathy is critical for unraveling the nature of the complicated associations among neurodegenerative *** this review,we discuss the shared and diverse characteristics of tauopathies and synucleinopathies from aspects of genetic causes,clinical manifestations,pathological progression and potential common therapeutic approaches targeting the pathology,in the aim to provide a timely update for setting the scheme of disease classification and provide novel insights into the therapeutic development for neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： Tauopathy Synucleinopathy Tau α-Synuclein Neurodegeneration

Interpretation of the Diabetes Prevention and Control Action of the Healthy China Initiative 2019−2030

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China CDC weekly 2020年第9期2卷 143-145页

作者： Wenjuan Wang National Center for chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

In the past 30 years,the prevalence of diabetes in China has been increasing,but the awareness rate,treatment rate and control rate of diabetes are relatively low,and the death rate,disability rate,disease burden of diabetes and its complications are constantly increasing,which brings heavy burden to individuals,families and social *** Healthy China Initiative(2019-2030)is a roadmap to a healthy China and an innovative public policy system *** Diabetes Prevention and Control Action is one of the four chronic and noncommunicable diseases prevention and control actions in the Healthy China Initiative(2019-2030).Based on the background,basic principles and key contents of diabetes prevention and control,this paper interpreted the diabetes prevention and control action from five aspects,that is,healthy lifestyle is the foundation,which emphasized that individuals are the first responsibility for their health,and advocates reducing the risk of diabetes by practicing healthy diet,increasing physical activity and maintaining a healthy weight;Early detection and early intervention are key links,which emphasized to pay attention to individual blood glucose level,high risk individuals regularly test blood glucose;Standardize health management is the priority,which emphasized to strengthen the implementation of graded diagnosis and treatment standards,and medical institutions provide guidance on self-management of health for patients with diabetes;The improvement of capacity in primary level is the guarantee,where emphasis is placed on improving the ability of medical personnel to screen,intervention and standardize diagnosis and treatment;And innovative health service models are the key measures which emphasized the use of information technology to improve the efficiency of health management.

关键词： prevention Action guarantee

chronic rejection after liver transplantation:Opening the Pandora’s box

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第45期27卷 7771-7783页

作者： Roberta Angelico Bruno Sensi Tommaso M Manzia Giuseppe Tisone Giuseppe Grassi Alessandro Signorello Martina Milana Ilaria Lenci Leonardo Baiocchi Department of Surgery Sciences HPB and Transplant UnitUniversity of Tor VergataRome 00100Italy Hepatology unit University of Tor VergataRome 00100Italy

chronic rejection(CR)of liver allografts causes damage to intrahepatic vessels and bile ducts and may lead to graft failure after liver *** its prevalence has declined steadily with the introduction of potent immunosuppressive therapy,CR still represents an important cause of graft injury,which might be irreversible,leading to graft loss requiring *** date,we still do not fully appreciate the mechanisms underlying this *** addition to T cell-mediated CR,which was initially the only recognized type of CR,recently a new form of liver allograft CR,antibody-mediated CR,has been *** has indeed opened an era of thriving research and renewed interest in the *** biopsy is needed for a definitive diagnosis of CR,but current research is aiming to identify new non-invasive tools for predicting patients at risk for CR after liver ***,the minimization or withdrawal of immunosuppressive therapy might influence the establishment of subclinical CR-related injury,which should not be *** for CR may only be effective in the“early”phases,and a tailored management of the immunosuppression regimen is essential for preventing irreversible liver ***,we provide an overview of the current knowledge and research on CR,focusing on early detection,identification of non-invasive biomarkers,immunosuppressive management,re-transplantation and future perspectives of CR.

关键词： Liver transplantation chronic rejection Immunosuppression T cell-mediated rejection Antibody-mediated rejection Donor-specific antibody Re-transplantation Graft loss Complications Outcomes

Global strategies for the prevention and control of chronic,noncommunicable diseases

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Global strategies for the prevention and control of chronic,...

Aging gracefully: social engagement joins exercise and enrichment as a key lifestyle factor in resistance to age-related cognitive decline

北京论坛（2005）文明的和谐与共同繁荣——全球化视野中亚洲的机遇与发展

作者： Robert Beaglehole Department of chronic Diseases and Health Promotion World Health Organization Geneva

Introduction chronic,noncommunicable diseases such as heart disease,stroke,cancer and diabetes,are the leading global causes of death and ***,the public health response to the chronic disease pandemic has been slow in all but a few high income ***,chronic diseases are notably absent from the international development agenda.

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第1期14卷 39-42页

作者： Tyler J.Dause Elizabeth D.Kirby Department of Psychology The Ohio State University Department of Neuroscience The Ohio State University chronic Brain Injury Program The Ohio State University

Cognitive impairment is a consequence of the normal aging process that effects many species, including humans and rodent models. Decline in hippocampal memory function is especially prominent with age and often reduces quality of life. As the aging population expands, the need for interventional strategies to prevent cognitive decline has become more pressing. Fortunately, several major lifestyle factors have proven effective at combating hippocampal aging, the most well-known of which are environmental enrichment and exercise. While the evidence supporting the beneficial nature of these factors is substantial, a less well-understood factor may also contribute to healthy cognitive aging: social engagement. We review the evidence supporting the role of social engagement in preserving hippocampal function in old age. In elderly humans, high levels of social engagement correlate with better hippocampal function, yet there is a dearth of work to indicate a causative role. Existing rodent literature is also limited but has begun to provide causative evidence and establish candidate mechanisms. Summed together, while many unanswered questions remain, it is clear that social engagement is a viable lifestyle factor for preserving cognitive function in old age. Social integration across the lifespan warrants more investigation and more appreciation when designing living circumstances for the elderly.

关键词： aging age-related cognitive decline social engagement hippocampus cognitive enrichment exercise memory neurogenesis

Pharmacological pain management in chronic pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第42期19卷 7292-7301页

作者： Sφren S Olesen Jacob Juel Carina Graversen Yuri Kolesnikov Oliver HG Wilder-Smith Asbjφrn M Drewes MechSense Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyAalborg University Hospital9000 AalborgDenmark Mech-Sense Department of RadiologyAalborg University Hospital9000 AalborgDenmark Department of Neurorehabilitation Engineering Bernstein Center for Computational NeuroscienceUniversity Medical Center G ttingenGeorg-August UniversityD-37077 GttingenGermany pain Service Department of OncologyEast Tallinn Central Hospital19086 TallinnEstonia pain and Nociception Neuroscience Research Group Department of AnaesthesiologyPain and Palliative CareRadboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre6525 NijmegenThe Netherlands Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction Department of Health Science and TechnologyAalborg University9000 AalborgDenmark

Intense abdominal pain is a prominent feature of chronic pancreatitis and its treatment remains a major clinical *** studies of pancreatic nerves and experimental human pain research have provided evidence that pain processing is abnormal in these patients and in many cases resembles that seen in neuropathic and chronic pain *** important ultimate outcome of such aberrant pain processing is that once the disease has advanced and the pathophysiological processes are firmly established,the generation of pain can become self-perpetuating and independent of the initial peripheral nociceptive ***,the management of pain by traditional methods based on nociceptive deafferentation(e.g.,surgery and visceral nerve blockade)becomes difficult and often *** novel and improved understanding of pain aetiology requires a paradigm shift in pain management of chronic *** mechanism based pain treatments taking into account altered pain processing are likely to increasingly replace invasive therapies targeting the nociceptive source,which should be reserved for special and carefully selected *** this review,we offer an overview of the current available pharmacological options for pain management in chronic *** addition,future options for pain management are discussed with special emphasis on personalized pain medicine and multidisciplinarity.

关键词： chronic pancreatitis pain Treatment Pharmacology Analgesics Adjuvant analgesics