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Characterizing the maturity of highly evolved organic matter based on aromatic hydrocarbons and optimization with pyrobitumen reflectance and Raman spectral parameters

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Science China Earth Sciences 2022年第12期65卷 2335-2357页

作者： Zhaoxi ZUO Jian CAO Wenxuan HU Chunhua SHI Xiaolin WANG Suping YAO Bing LUO State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research School of Earth Sciences and EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China chongqing gas field of PetroChina Southwest Oil and gas field Company Chongqing 401120China

Maturity evaluation of highly evolved organic matter is an important problem in oil and gas geochemistry,because conventional organic geochemical proxies are not applicable due to hydrocarbon generation and *** this study,we investigated the pyrobitumen in the reservoirs of the Sinian Dengying Formation in the Sichuan Basin,*** focused on aromatic hydrocarbon biomarkers,and the calibration and application of aromatic maturity proxies using pyrobitumen reflectance and Raman spectral *** results show that only the thiophene compounds are effective maturity indicators,such as MDR(4-/1-MDBT),MDR′(4-MDBT/(1-MDBT+4-MDBT)),MDR1(1-MDBT/DBT),4,6-/(1,4+1,6)-DMDBT,(2,6+3,6)-/(1,4+1,6)-DMDBT,and[2,1]BNT/([2,1]BNT+[1,2]BNT),as these are largely independent of the optical anisotropy of *** condensation and incorporation of thiophene compounds can lead to an increase in the reflectance of pyrobitumen,which means the thiophene compound parameters are positively or negatively correlated with pyrobitumen *** potential maturity parameters were proposed,including DMDBTs/MDBTs,TeMDBTs/(DBT+MDBTs+DMDBTs+TMDBTs+TeMDBTs),1-MDBT/MDBTs,and[2,1]BNT/*** method and these parameters are universally applicable to maturity characterization,especially in rocks that lack vitrinite,contain strongly anisotropic organic matter,and have high contents of thiophene compounds.

关键词： Maturity characterization of high-evolution organic matter Reservoir pyrobitumen Optical texture Dengying Formation Sichuan Basin

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FINITE ELEMENT NUMERICAL SIMULATION FOR THE HYDRODYNAMIC field EVOLUTION OF GEOTHERMAL WATER IN THE NANWENQUAN ANTICLINE IN chongqing IN CHINA

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2006年第4期18卷 443-448页

作者： LUO Yun-ju LIU Dong-yan LIU Xin-rong College of Civil Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing 400045 China

The Nanwenquan （South Hot Spring） and Xiao quan （Small Hot Spring） in the Nanwenquan anticline are well-known attraction for their geothermal water, but currently, the two natural hot springs have hot flow naturally. In order to protect the geothermal water resource, the evolution of hydrodynamic field must be researched for the causation of the hydrodynamic field destroyed. The finite element numerical simulation was adopted and quantitative study on the geothermal water hydrodynamic field. The finite element model was set up to simulate the research sites, the simulated water level was compared with the actual water level, the feasibility of this model was proved when the simulated water level is approximate to actual one, and an applicable finite element model was obtained. The finite element model was used to simulate the evolution of the hydrodynamic field. This paper supplies a basis to exploit adequately and protect effectively the geothermal water resource, at the same time it is proved feasible in practice to apply finite element numerical simulation to quantitative study of the geothermal water.

关键词： Nanwenquan anticline the geothermal water hydrodynamic field finite element numerical simulation water level

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A FEM-DFN model for the interaction and propagation of multi-cluster fractures during variable fluid-viscosity injection in layered shale oil reservoir

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Petroleum Science 2022年第6期19卷 2796-2809页

作者： Chu-Hao Huang Hai-Yan Zhu Jian-Dong Wang Jian Han Guang-Qing Zhou Xuan-He Tang State Key Laboratory of Oil and gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu610059SichuanPR China Petroleum Engineering Technology Research Institute Shengli Oilfield CompanySINIOPECDongying257000ShandongPR China chongqing gas field Southwest Oil and Gas Field CompanyPetro ChinaChongqing400021PR China

To investigate the height growth of multi-cluster fractures during variable fluid-viscosity fracturing in a layered shale oil reservoir,a two-dimensional finite element method(FEM)-discrete fracture network(DFN)model coupled with flow,stress and damage is proposed.A traction-separation law is used to describe the mixed-mode response of the damaged adhesive fractures,and the cubic law is used to describe the fluid flow within the *** rock deformation is controlled by the in-situ stress,fracture cohesion and fluid pressure on the hydraulic fracture *** coupled finite element equations are solved by the explicit time difference *** effects of the fracturing treatment parameters including fluid viscosity,pumping rate and cluster spacing on the geometries of multifractures are *** results show that variable fluid-viscosity injection can improve the complexity of the fracture network and height of the main fractures *** pumping rate of15 m^(3)/min,variable fluid-viscosity of 3-9-21-36-45 mPa s with a cluster spacing of 7.5 m is the ideal treatment *** field application shows that the peak daily production of the application well with the optimized injection procedu re of variable fluid-viscosity fracturing is 171 tons(about 2.85 times that of the adjacent well),which is the highest daily production record of a single shale oil well in China,marking a strategic breakthrough of commercial shale oil production in the Jiyang Depression,Shengli *** variable fluid-viscosity fracturing technique is proved to be very effective for improving shale oil production.

关键词： Shale oil reservoir FEM-DFN model Fracture propagation Variable fluid-viscosity injection Bedding planes

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gas accumulation conditions and key technologies for exploration & development of Sinian and Cambrian gas reservoirs in Anyue gasfield

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Petroleum Research 2018年第3期3卷 221-238页

作者： Yueming Yang Yu Yang Guang Yang Jiarong Song LongWen Chuanguang Deng Maolong Xia Qi Ran Guobin Duan Bing Luo Bing Xie PetroChina Southwest Oil&gas field Company Sichuan610051China Research Institute of Exploration and Development PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gas Field CompanySichuan610051China Exploration Division PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gas Field CompanySichuan610051China chongqing Shale gas Exploration and Development Co. Ltd.Chongqing400023China

Exploration of the Sinian-Lower Paleozoic formations in the Sichuan Basin starts from the 1950s,and is tortuous and *** summarize the exploration experiences is of great significance of reference for exploration of oil and gas in deep carbonate rocks of the Sichuan *** accumulation in the Anyue oversize gasfield is chiefly controlled by the Deyang-Anyue intra-platform rift and central Sichuan *** intra-platform rift controls the scale hydrocarbon generation center and effective hydrocarbon *** Anyue gasfield is characterized by near-source hydrocarbon *** marginal zone of intra-platform rift and high part of the paleouplift control the scale distribution of favorable facies belts of reservoir development,and overlapped by paleokarstic reformation,the reservoirs are widely *** intra-platform rift and paleouplift jointly control formation of the scale traps and hydrocarbon *** reservoir features and major controlling factors for hydrocarbon accumulation have some differences in the main play strata,such as Longwangmiao Formation,and Member 4 and Member 2 of Dengying *** gas reservoir in the Longwangmiao Formation is a lithologic gas reservoir under the tectonic setting,and the inherited paleouplift is a key for reservoir formation and hydrocarbon *** gas reservoir in the Member 4 of Dengying Formation is mainly controlled by large structural-stratigraphic composite traps,and the gas reservoir in the Member 2 of Dengying Formation is the structural *** of the large gasfields in the Dengying Formation is controlled by the intra-platform rift,near-source hydrocarbon-reservoir configuration controlled by the ancient erosion plane and stratigraphic sealing in the updip *** exploration and development of the Anyue gasfield,four series of technologies are developed,namely,reservoir seismic fine description technology,well logging fine evaluation technology of gas

关键词： Anyue gasfield Dengying Formation Longwangmiao Formation gas reservoir feature Enrichment regularity Exploration and development technology

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The Major Controlling Factors and Different Oolitic Shoal Reservoir Characteristics of the Triassic Feixianguan Formation,Eastern Longgang Area,NE Sichuan Basin,SW China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2021年第3期95卷 895-908页

作者： GU Yifan JIANG Yuqiang LEI Xiaohua CHEN Zhiyong ZHOU Lu FU Yonghong JIANG Zengzheng School of Geoscience and Technology Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China Department of Geology University of ReginaReginaSaskatchewanSK S4S 0A2Canada Northeastern Sichuan Oil and gas District PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gas Field CompanyDazhouSichuan 635000China chongqing gas field PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gas Field CompanyChongqing 400021China Sichuan Geotech Science and Technology Ltd. Chengdu 610041China

Based on comprehensive analyses of occurrence,petrological observation,pore structure and geochemistry,the different reservoir characteristics and reservoir evolutionary pathways between different oolitic shoal reservoir types of the Feixianguan Formation on the west side of the Kaijiang-Liangping Trough have been *** exist three stages of high-energy slope break belts in the Feixianguan period,the corresponding three stages of oolitic shoals gradually migrating in the direction of the *** types of oolitic shoal reservoirs,namely,residual-oolitic dolomite,mold-oolitic dolomite and sparry oolitic limestone,were formed during sedimentary-diagenetic evolution,the pore types being intergranular dissolved pore,mold pore(or intragranular dissolved pore)and residual intergranular pore,*** petrology,physical properties and pore structure of the different types of oolitic shoal reservoirs are quite ***-oolitic dolomite reservoirs have the best quality,while sparry oolitic limestone reservoirs have the *** with analyses of trace elements,rare earth elements and carbon-oxygen isotopes,it is suggested that the formation of residual-oolitic dolomite reservoirs is jointly controlled by penesaline seawater seepage-reflux dolomitization and hydrothermal ***-pore oolitic dolomite reservoirs are controlled by penesaline seawater seepage-reflux dolomitization and meteoric water *** burial dissolution of organic acid not only further improves the reservoir qualities of previously formed oolitic dolomite reservoirs,but also preserves residual intergranular pores in the sparry oolitic limestone reservoirs.

关键词： oolitic shoal reservoir evolution geochemical characteristics Triassic System Feixianguan Formation Sichuan Basin

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Characteristics and Mechanism of Upper Permian Reef Reservoirs in the Eastern Longgang Area, Northeastern Sichuan Basin, China

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Petroleum 2020年第2期6卷 130-137页

作者： Lei Tan Hong Liu Yuzhe Tang Bing Luo Ya Zhang Yuran Yang Yisha Liao Weifeng Du Xiran Yang School of Geosciences and Technology Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China Beijing Petroleum Machinery Co. CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company LimitedBeijing102206China The Institute of Exploration and Development of Southwest Oil and gas field Branch PetroChinaChengdu610059China chongqing gas field Southwest Oil&Gas Field CompanyPetroChinaChongqing400021China Bureau of Geophysical Prospecting China National Petroleum Corp Zhuozhou072750China Northwest Sichuan gas field Southwest Oil&Gas Field CompanyPetroChinaJiangyou621709China

As a typical kind of lithologic reservoirs,reef reservoirs are generally featured by their large single-well reservoir thickness,good reservoir physical properties,and high gas well *** Upper Permian Changxing Formation is an important natural gas exploration target in the Sichuan Basin,which hosts a large reef gas reservoir and is mainly distributed along the Kaijiang-Liangping *** analyses are implemented to investigate reservoir characteristics and identify controlling factors of reef reservoirs in Changxing Formation in the Eastern Longgang Area,Northeastern Sichuan Basin,including core,logging,and seismic data *** Formation reservoirs in the study area mainly occur in the reef-shoal complex,which are featured by wide distribution,large thickness and generally good physical *** rocks are dominantly composed of bioclastic dolomite and silty-fine dolomite(with grain phantom structure),while the main reservoir space consists of residual intergranular pores,intergranular dissolution pores,and karst *** the seismic profiles,typical mound-shaped chaotic reflections can be clearly *** is suggested by the main reservoir development controlling factor analysis that the distributions of reef reservoirs are typically controlled by sedimentary facies belts,while the scale of the reef-shoal complex is determined by the pene-sedimentary *** can not only significantly preserve the primary pores but also enhance the permeability of ***,karstification is the key to high-quality reef-shoal reservoirs.

关键词： Changxing formation Reef Reservoir characteristics Essential factors Eastern longgang

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Comparative experimental study on porosity, mechanical and CO_(2) adsorption characteristics of coal and shale

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2023年第3期17卷 788-796页

作者： Haitao LI Guo YU Xiaolei WANG Dongming ZHANG Exploration and Development Research Institute of PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gas Field CompanyChengdu 610051China PetroChina Southwest Oil and gas field Company Planning Department Chengdu 610051China State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou 341000China

To compare the pore structure, mechanical and CO_(2) adsorption properties of coal and shale, a series of experiments were carried out using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), uniaxial compression, Brazilian splitting, and high-pressure CO_(2) adsorption. The results show that the total porosity of coal is 7.51 times that of shale, and shale is dominated by adsorption pores, while adsorption pores and seepage pores in coal are equally important. Moreover, it is found that the micropores in shale are more advantageous, while meso-macropore in coal are more significant. The adsorption pore surface of coal is rougher than that of shale, and the seepage pore structure of shale is more complex. The uniaxial compressive strength, elastic modulus and absorption energy of shale are 2.01 times, 2.85 times, and 1.27 times that of coal, respectively, indicating that shale has higher compressive capacity and resistance to elastic deformation than coal. The average tensile strength, Brazilian splitting modulus, absorbed energy and brittleness index of shale are 7.92 times, 6.68 times, 10.78 times, and 4.37 times that of coal, respectively, indicating that shale has higher tensile strength and brittleness, but lower ductility, compared with coal. The performed analyses show that under the same conditions, the CO_(2) adsorption capacity of coal is greater than that of shale. The present article can provide a theoretical basis to implement CO_(2)-enhanced coalbed methane (CBM)/shale gas extraction.

关键词： coal shale NMR mechanical properties adsorption characteristic

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Global and regional controls on carbon-sulfur isotope cycling during SPICE event in south China

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2023年第3期17卷 713-726页

作者： Xianfeng TAN Long LUO Hongjin CHEN Jon GLUYAS Zihu ZHANG Chensheng JIN Lidan LEI Jia WANG Qing CHEN Meng LI State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesWuhan 403374China chongqing Key Laboratory of Complex Oil and gas Exploration and Development Chongqing University of Science and TechnologyChongqing 401331China Shunan gas field PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gas Field CompanyLuzhou 646000China Department of Earth Sciences Durham UniversityDurhamDH13LEUK State Key Laboratory of Oil and gas Reservior Geology and Exploration Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China Yunnan Key Laboratory for Paleobiology Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China School of Geographical Sciences Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China

The positive S-isotopic excursion of carbonate-associated sulfate(δ34S_(CAS))is generally in phase with the Steptoean positive carbon isotope excursion(SPICE),which may reflect widespread,global,transient increases in the burial of organic carbon and pyrite sulfate in sediments deposited under large-scale anoxic and sulphidic ***,carbon-sulfur isotope cycling of the global SPICE event,which may be controlled by global and regional events,is still poorly understood,especially in south ***,theδ13CPDB,δ18OPDBδ34S_(CAS),total carbon(TC),total organic carbon(TOC)and total sulfate(TS)of Cambrian carbonate of Waergang section of Hunan Province were analyzed to unravel global and regional controls on carbon-sulfur cycling during SPICE event in south ***δ34S_(CAS)values in the onset and rising limb are not obviously higher than that in the preceding SPICE,meanwhile sulfate(δ34S_(CAS))isotope values increase slightly with increasingδ13CPDB in rising limb and near peak of SPICE(130–160 m).The sulfate(δ34S_(CAS))isotope values gradually decrease from 48.6‰to 18‰in the peak part of SPICE and even increase from 18%to 38.5%in the descending limb of *** abnormal asynchronous C−S isotope excursion during SPICE event in the south China was mainly controlled by the global events including sea level change and marine sulfate reduction,and it was also influenced by regional events such as enhanced siliciclastic provenance input(sulfate),weathering of a carbonate platform and sedimentary *** environment and lithology are not the main reason for global SPICE event but influence theδ13CPDB excursion-amplitude of *** level eustacy and carbonate platform weathering probably made a major contribution to theδ13CPDB excursion during the SPICE,in particularly,near peak of ***,the trilobite extinctions,anoxia,organic-matter burial and siliciclastic provenance input also play an important role in the onset,early and late st

关键词： sulfate isotope excursion terrigenous matter carbonate platform weathering sea level change transitional slope environment Waergang section

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Effect of proppant sizes and injection modes on proppant transportation and distribution in the tortuous fracture model

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Particuology 2024年第1期84卷 261-280页

作者： Jun Li Xu Han Siyuan He Mingyi Wu Xin Huang Nianyin Li State Key Laboratory of Oil and gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China chongqing Industry Polytechnic College Chongqing401120China Sichuan Particles Energy and Technology Co. LtdChengdu611630China Engineering Technology Research Institute of PetroChina Southwest Oil and gas field Company Chengdu610017China

Particle-fluid transport and placement mechanism in tortuous fracture played a crucial role in uncon-ventional ***,most studies focused on mono-size proppant with fluid transport pro-cesses in tortuous ***,the mixture-size proppant with fluid movement mechanism in tortuous fracture was still ***,this study designed and applied a series of experiments with a physical analog model of a tortuous fracture with 120°and 90°-angled bends and combined high-speed camera-based *** experimental system was used to track different-mixture-sized proppant particle motion trajectories for a series of proppant injection schemes;The following conclu-sions were drawn from this study:*** pile-up processes mechanism in all investigated schemes were similar and could be reduced to four main *** packing structure at both sides of the fracture wall had different variation rates,which were controlled by the mix ratio(change from 1∶1-1∶5)of proppant *** new packing patterns,such as Zebra Stripe,had occurred,controlled by the different proppant injection ***-sized mono-proppant(30/50 mesh)had the highest transport efficiency in the tortuous fracture,followed by the mixed-sized multi-proppant(10/20 mesh:30/50 mesh),large-sized proppant(10/20 mesh)was the *** optimized alternating in-jection mode was recommended as injecting small-sized proppant first(30/50 mesh)and followed by mixed-sized multi-proppant(10/20 mesh:30/50 mesh),which could contribute to obtaining the optimal both proppant packing height and travel distance in tortuous *** correlations were devel-oped for predicting the proppant packing height and transportation distance.

关键词： Tortuous fracture model Mixed-sized proppant Multi-sized proppant injection mode Proppant motion and distribution Packing mechanism

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Study of the numerical simulation of tight sandstone gas molecular diffusion based on digital core technology

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Petroleum Science 2018年第1期15卷 68-76页

作者： Hong-Lin Zhu Shou-Feng Wang Guo-Jun Yin Qiao Chen Feng-Lin Xu Wei Peng Yan-Hu Tan Kuo Zhang chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Oil and gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University Oil and gas Engineering Research Institute Jilin Oilfield Company PetroChina Shu’nan gas Mine Southwest Oil and Gas Field Branch Company PetroChina Co. Ltd

Diffusion is an important mass transfer mode of tight sandstone gas. Since nano-pores are extensively developed in the interior of tight sandstone, a considerable body of research indicates that the type of diffusion is mainly molecular diffusion based on Fick＇s law. However, accurate modeling and understanding the physics of gas transport phenomena in nanoporous media is still a challenge for researchers and traditional investigation（analytical and experimental methods） have many limitations in studying the generic behavior. In this paper, we used Nano-CT to observe the pore structures of samples of the tight sandstone of western of Sichuan. Combined with advanced image processing technology, threedimensional distributions of the nanometer-sized pores were reconstructed and a tight sandstone digital core model was built, as well the pore structure parameters were analyzed quantitatively. Based on the digital core model, the diffusion process of methane molecules from a higher concentration area to a lower concentration area was simulated by a finite volume method. Finally, the reservoir＇s concentration evolution was visualized and the intrinsic molecular diffusivity tensor which reflects the diffusion capabilities of this rock was calculated. Through comparisons, we found that our calculated result was in good agreement with other empirical results. This study provides a new research method for tight sandstone digital rock physics. It is a foundation for future tight sandstone gas percolation theory and numerical simulation research.

关键词： Tight sandstone gas Nano-CT Digital core Molecular diffusion Numerical simulation

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