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Grow rice under sunshine of Xizang/Tibet:promise and challenges

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第3期51卷 265-267页

作者： Chunkun Fan Xiaoming Zheng Qingbo Yuan Tao Wang Qian Qian Qingyun Bu Fan Chen Agricultural Institute Xizang Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry ScienceLasaXizang 850032China national Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of AgriculturalSciencesBeijing 100081China Sanya national Research Institute of Breeding in Hainan Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 572000China Yazhouwan national Laboratory SanyaHainan 572704China Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesChengduSichuan 610041China Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of SciencesHarbinHeilongjiang 150081China

Xizang,previously known as Tibet,is located in the southwest region of China and is the highest region of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QzP),with an average altitude of over 4000 m.With the development of modern agriculture,the grain productivity in Xizang has been effectively improved.The total annual grain production has increased from 558,700 tons in 1988 to 1044,000 tons in 2018(Xizang Statistical Year Book).

关键词： sunshine Tibet southwest

Influences of divalent ion substitution on the magnetic and dielectric properties of W-type barium ferrite

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chinese Physics B 2024年第6期33卷 480-486页

作者：何诗悦刘若水刘煦婕叶先平王利晨沈保根 School of Rare Earths University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Ganjiang Innovation academy Chinese Academy of SciencesGanzhou 341119China Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology&Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China Beijing national Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Saturation magnetization,magneto-crystalline anisotropy field,and dielectric properties are closely related to microwave devices applied at different frequencies.For regulating the magnetic and dielectric properties of W-type barium ferrites,single-phase BaMe_(2)Fe_(16)O_(27)(Me=Fe,Mn,Zn,Ni,Co) with different Me ions were synthesized by the high-temperature solid-state method.The saturation magnetization(Ms) range from 47.77 emu/g to 95.34 emu/g and the magnetic anisotropy field(H_a) range from 10700.60 Oe(1 Oe=79.5775 A·m^(-1)) to 13739.57 Oe,depending on the type of cation substitution in the hexagonal lattice.The dielectric permittivity and dielectric loss decrease with increasing frequency of the AC electric field in the low-frequency region,while they almost remain constant in the high-frequency region.The charac teristics of easy regulation and preparation make it a potential candidate for use in microwave device applications.

关键词： W-type hexaferrite Raman spectra magnetic properties dielectric properties

Sustainable all-weather CO2 utilization by mimicking natural photosynthesis in a single material

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national Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 177-187页

作者： Xianjin Shi Yu Huang Ran Long Zhenyu Wang Liqin Wang Junji Cao Gangqiang Zhu Yujie Xiong State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology(SKLLQG) Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of Sciences Center of Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change Chinese Academy of Sciences University of chinese academy of Sciences Hefei national Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale School of Chemistry and Materials Science and National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physics and Information Technology Shaanxi Normal University

Solar-driven CO2conversion into hydrocarbon fuels is a sustainable approach to synchronously alleviating the energy crisis and achieving net CO2emissions.However,the dependence of the conversion process on solar illumination hinders its practical application due to the intermittent availability of sunlight at night and on cloudy or rainy days.Here,we report a model material of Pt-loaded hexagonal tungsten trioxide（Pt/h-WO3） for decoupling light and dark reaction processes,demonstrating the sustainable CO2conversion under dark conditions for the first time.In such a material system,hydrogen atoms can be produced by photocatalytic water splitting under solar illumination,stored together with electrons in the h-WO3through the transition of W6+to W5+and spontaneously released to trigger catalytic CO2reduction under dark conditions.Furthermore,we demonstrate using natural light that CH4production can persist at night and on rainy days,proving the accomplishment of all-weather CO2conversion via a sustainable way.

关键词： sustainable CO2 utilization artificial photosynthesis all-weather application charge storage

Context‑dependent antioxidant defense system(ADS)‑based stress memory in response to recurrent environmental challenges in congeneric invasive species

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第2期6卷 315-330页

作者： Hanxi Li Xuena Huang Aibin Zhan Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of chinese academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Marine ecosystems are facing escalating environmental fluctuations owing to climate change and human activities,imposing pressures on marine species.To withstand recurring environmental challenges,marine organisms,especially benthic species lacking behavioral choices to select optimal habitats,have to utilize well-established strategies such as the antioxidant defense system(ADS)to ensure their survival.Therefore,understanding of the mechanisms governing the ADS-based response is essential for gaining insights into adaptive strategies for managing environmental challenges.Here we conducted a com-parative analysis of the physiological and transcriptional responses based on the ADS during two rounds of'hypersalinity-recovery'challenges in two model congeneric invasive ascidians,Ciona robusta and C.savignyi.Our results demonstrated that C.savignyi exhibited higher tolerance and resistance to salinity stresses at the physiological level,while C.robusta demonstrated heightened responses at the transcriptional level.We observed distinct transcriptional responses,particularly in the utilization of two superoxide dismutase(SOD)isoforms.Both Ciona species developed physiological stress memory with elevated total SOD(T-SOD)and glutathione(GSH)responses,while only C.robusta demonstrated transcriptional stress memory.The regulatory distinctions within the Nrf2-Keap1 signalling pathway likely explain the formation disparity of transcriptional stress memory between both Ciona species.These findings support the'context-dependent stress memory hypothesis',emphasizing the emergence of species-specific stress memory at diverse regulatory levels in response to recurrent environmental challenges.Our results enhance our understanding of the mechanisms of environmental challenge manage-ment in marine species,particularly those related to the ADS.

关键词： Antioxidant defense Ascidian Biological invasion Environmental stress Stress memory

Analysis of the joint detection capability of the SMILE satellite and EISCAT-3D radar

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 299-306页

作者： JiaoJiao Zhang TianRan Sun XiZheng Yu DaLin Li Hang Li JiaQi Guo ZongHua Ding Tao Chen Jian Wu Chi Wang State Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of chinese academy of Sciences Beijing 101408China Key Laboratory of Electronics and Information Technology for Space Systems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China China Research Institute of Radio-wave Propagation Qingdao 266075China

The Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)satellite is a small magnetosphere–ionosphere link explorer developed cooperatively between China and Europe.It pioneers the use of X-ray imaging technology to perform large-scale imaging of the Earth’s magnetosheath and polar cusp regions.It uses a high-precision ultraviolet imager to image the overall configuration of the aurora and monitor changes in the source of solar wind in real time,using in situ detection instruments to improve human understanding of the relationship between solar activity and changes in the Earth’s magnetic field.The SMILE satellite is scheduled to launch in 2025.The European Incoherent Scatter Sciences Association(EISCAT)-3D radar is a new generation of European incoherent scatter radar constructed by EISCAT and is the most advanced ground-based ionospheric experimental device in the high-latitude polar region.It has multibeam and multidirectional quasi-real-time three-dimensional(3D)imaging capabilities,continuous monitoring and operation capabilities,and multiple-baseline interferometry capabilities.Joint detection by the SMILE satellite and the EISCAT-3D radar is of great significance for revealing the coupling process of the solar wind–magnetosphere–ionosphere.Therefore,we performed an analysis of the joint detection capability of the SMILE satellite and EISCAT-3D,analyzed the period during which the two can perform joint detection,and defined the key scientific problems that can be solved by joint detection.In addition,we developed Web-based software to search for and visualize the joint detection period of the SMILE satellite and EISCAT-3D radar,which lays the foundation for subsequent joint detection experiments and scientific research.

关键词： Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)satellite European Incoherent Scatter Sciences Association(EISCAT)-3D radar joint detection

Species profile and reactivity of volatile organic compounds emission in solvent uses,industry activities and from vehicular tunnels

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 546-559页

作者： Haimei Huang Zhangwei Wang Chunhao Dai Hai Wu Jia Guo Chunjie Wang Xiaoshan Zhang State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of chinese academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Hunan Agricultural University Changsha 430106China national Institute of Metrology Beijing 100029China

A survey was conducted of the volatile organic compounds(VOCs)released from sources of solvent use,industry activities and vehicle emissions in Guiyang,a capital city of China.Samples were collected by canisters and analyzed by GC-MS-FID.The species profiles of VOCs emitted from sources were obtained.Results showed that xylenes,ethylbenzene,acetone and dichloromethane were the characteristics species for painting,2-propanol and ethyl acetate for printing,α-pinene for solid wood furniture manufacturing,and 2-butanone for biscuit baking.These characteristics species could be as tracers for the sources respectively.In most of samples from the solvent use,the benzene/toluene(B/T)ratio was less than 0.3,indicating that the ratio could be as the indicator for tracing the solvent use related sources.The results also suggested that the toluene/xylene(T/X)ratio be as the indicator to distinguish the VOCs sources of painting(2).Aromatics contributed the most to ozone formation potential(OFP)of most painting and non-paper printing sources,and oxygen-containing VOCs(OVOCs)were major species contributing to OFP of the sources from food production and paper printing.The OFP of the VOCs emissions from vehicle in tunnels and from other manufactures were dominated by both aromatics and alkenes.Theα-pinene could explain 56.94%and 32.54%of total OFP of the VOCs sources from filing cabinet and solid wood furniture manufacturing,which was rarely been involved in previous studies of VOCs source profiles,indicating that the species of concern for VOCs sources are still insufficient at present.

关键词： Volatile organic compounds(VOCs) Species profile BTEX ratio Source reactivity

Space advanced technology demonstration satellite

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 240-258页

作者： ZHANG XiaoFeng CHEN Wen ZHU XiaoCheng MENG Na HE JunWang BI XingZi ZHANG YongHe SHI Qi LI Fei LIU Rui FENG ZhengGong LIU Liu LI JinSong WU HaiChen XU DongXiao LI TaiJie HUANG JiangJiang LIU Shuo LI TianTong YU XianSheng GAO Yang ZHOU Heng BAN HanYu ZHANG YanLi ZHANG YueTing YANG YingQuan HE Tao DUAN XuLiang CHEN Xin WANG YaMin SUN AnTai ZHANG KuoXiang SUN Ying WANG YaoBin FAN ChengCheng XIONG ShaoLin LI XinQiao WEN XiangYang LING ZhiXing SUN XiaoJin ZHANG Chen BAI XianYong WANG ZhanShan DENG YuanYong TIAN Hui YANG JianFeng XUE HongBo SANG Peng LIU JinGuo ZHENG HuiLong ZHU Xiang HE JianWu LI Hui XU LuXiang XU ShuYan CHEN WenWu LIU ZhenDong WANG ZhaoLi MAO XiangLong GAO Rong LI ZongXuan DING GuoPeng WANG XinYu DOU RunJiang WENG LuBin LUO Hao WANG YaPing LIANG XianFeng FANG ZiRuo Innovation academy for Microsatellites Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201203China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China national Astronomical Observatory of China Beijing 100101China Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200083China Institute of Precision Optical Engineering School of Physics Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics Chinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710119China national Space Science Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Shenyang Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China Nanyang Technological University Singapore 569830Singapore Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130033China Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

The Space Advanced Technology demonstration satellite(SATech-01),a mission for low-cost space science and new technology experiments,organized by chinese academy of Sciences(CAS),was successfully launched into a Sun-synchronous orbit at an altitude of~500 km on July 27,2022,from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre.Serving as an experimental platform for space science exploration and the demonstration of advanced common technologies in orbit,SATech-01 is equipped with 16 experimental payloads,including the solar upper transition region imager(SUTRI),the lobster eye imager for astronomy(LEIA),the high energy burst searcher(HEBS),and a High Precision Magnetic Field Measurement System based on a CPT Magnetometer(CPT).It also incorporates an imager with freeform optics,an integrated thermal imaging sensor,and a multi-functional integrated imager,etc.This paper provides an overview of SATech-01,including a technical description of the satellite and its scientific payloads,along with their on-orbit performance.

关键词： SATech-01 spacecraft design scientific instruments on-orbit performance

Low Surface Brightness Galaxies Selected by Different Model Fitting

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第1期24卷 223-236页

作者： Bing-Qing Zhang Hong Wu Wei Du Pin-Song Zhao Min He Feng-Jie Lei Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

We present a study of low surface brightness galaxies(LSBGs) selected by fitting the images for all the galaxies inα.40 SDSS DR7 sample with two kinds of single-component models and two kinds of two-component models(disk+bulge):single exponential,single sersic,exponential+deVaucular(exp+deV),and exponential+sérsic(exp+ser).Under the criteria of the B band disk central surface brightness μ_(0,disk)(B)≥22.5 mag arcsec^(-2) and the axis ratio b/a> 0.3,we selected four none-edge-on LSBG samples from each of the models which contain 1105,1038,207,and 75 galaxies,respectively.There are 756 galaxies in common between LSBGs selected by exponential and sersic models,corresponding to 68.42% of LSBGs selected by the exponential model and 72.83% of LSBGs selected by the sersic model,the rest of the discrepancy is due to the difference in obtaining μ_(0) between the exponential and sersic models.Based on the fitting,in the range of 0.5≤n≤1.5,the relation of μ_(0) from two models can be written as μ_(0,sérsic)-μ_(0,exp)=-1.34(n-1).The LSBGs selected by disk+bulge models(LSBG_(2)comps) are more massive than LSBGs selected by single-component models(LSBG_1comp),and also show a larger disk component.Though the bulges in the majority of our LSBG_(2)comps are not prominent,more than 60% of our LSBG_(2)comps will not be selected if we adopt a single-component model only.We also identified 31 giant low surface brightness galaxies(gLSBGs) from LSBG_(2)comps.They are located at the same region in the color-magnitude diagram as other gLSBGs.After we compared different criteria of gLSBGs selection,we find that for gas-rich LSBGs,M_(*)> 10^(10)M_⊙ is the best to distinguish between gLSBGs and normal LSBGs with bulge.

关键词： catalogs galaxies:spiral galaxies:bulges methods:data analysis methods:statistical

Achievement of a high-performance 30-tesla metal-as-insulated user superconducting magnet

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1974-1978页

作者： ZHOU BenZhe DAI YinMing ZHANG ZiLi LIU Hui WANG YaoHui WANG Lei WANG Hui CHEN ShunZhong WANG KangShuai CHEN Yong LIU JianHua WANG QiuLiang Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences University of chinese academy of Sciences

Strong magnetic fields can be used to manipulate the states of matter and induce unique phenomena.Simultaneously,they enable a thorough investigation of the intrinsic properties of matter through the application of the nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)effect.The versatile nature of strong magnetic fields facilitates the discovery of novel phenomena and patterns.

关键词： effect. NMR) versatile