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Lipid droplets in the nervous system:involvement in cell metabolic homeostasis

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 740-750页

作者： Yuchen Zhang Yiqing Chen Cheng Zhuang Jingxuan Qi Robert Chunhua Zhao Jiao Wang School of life sciences Shanghai UniversityShanghaiChina School of Medicine Shanghai UniversityShanghaiChina Institute of Basic Medical sciences chinese academy of Medical sciences School of Basic MedicinePeking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina center of excellence in Tissue Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Clinical Trial of Stem Cell Therapy BeijingChina

Lipid droplets serve as primary storage organelles for neutral lipids in neurons,glial cells,and other cells in the nervous *** droplet formation begins with the synthesis of neutral lipids in the endoplasmic ***,lipid droplets were recognized for their role in maintaining lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis;however,recent research has shown that lipid droplets are highly adaptive organelles with diverse functions in the nervous *** addition to their role in regulating cell metabolism,lipid droplets play a protective role in various cellular stress ***,lipid droplets exhibit specific functions in neurons and glial *** of lipid droplet formation leads to cellular dysfunction,metabolic abnormalities,and nervous system *** review aims to provide an overview of the role of lipid droplets in the nervous system,covering topics such as biogenesis,cellular specificity,and ***,it will explore the association between lipid droplets and neurodegenerative *** the involvement of lipid droplets in cell metabolic homeostasis related to the nervous system is crucial to determine the underlying causes and in exploring potential therapeutic approaches for these diseases.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease lipid droplet biogenesis lipid droplets lipid metabolism nervous system neurodegenerative disorders oxidative stress Parkinson's disease

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Devonian integrative stratigraphy and timescale of China

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Science China Earth sciences 2019年第1期62卷 112-134页

作者： Wenkun QIE Xueping MA Honghe XU Li QIAO Kun LIANG Wen GUO Junjun SONG Bo CHEN Jianfeng LU CAS Key Laboratory of Economic Stratigraphy and Palaeogeography Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Earth and Space sciences Peking University State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and center for excellence in life and paleoenvironment Chinese Academy of Sciences

The Global Boundary Stratotype Sections and Points(GSSPs) for the bases of all seven international Devonian stages have been formally defined and ratified by IUGS till 1996, and nowadays, the main tasks for Devonian stratigraphers include further subdivision of these standard stages, strictly constrained absolute ages for the boundaries, and precise neritic-pelagic and marine-terrestrial correlations using multidisciplinary stratigraphy methods. Establishment of high-resolution Devonian integrative stratigraphy framework and timescale of China would play an important role in improving regional and international correlation, facilitating the recognition of important stratigraphic levels in different paleogeographic settings, and understanding the evolution pattern of biota, paleoclimate and paleoenvironment during this critical interval. Based on well-studied bio-and chronostratigraphy of Devonian in South China and adjacent areas, in combination with recent achievements in carbon isotope stratigraphy, event stratigraphy and radioactive isotope ages, this paper briefly summarize the research history and current status of Devonian chronostratigraphy of China, and for the first time introduce Devonian integrative stratigraphy framework of *** to date, few studies have been conducted on the astronomical cyclostratigraphy and high-resolution radioactive isotope dating in Devonian of China, which should be our main focuses in the near future.

关键词： Devonian Chronostratigraphy Biostratigraphy Carbon isotope stratigraphy Event stratigraphy

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Applications of chemical imaging techniques in paleontology

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National Science Review 2019年第5期6卷 1040-1053页

作者： Yanhong Pan Liang Hu Tao Zhao CAS Key Laboratory of Economic Stratigraphy and Palaeogeography Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and PaleoenvironmentChinese Academy of Sciences University of chinese academy of sciences State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and PaleoenvironmentChinese Academy of Sciences

Chemical imaging techniques, based on a combination of microscopy and spectroscopy, are designed to analyse the composition and spatial distribution of heterogeneous chemical complexes within a *** the last few decades, it has become an increasingly popular tool for characterizing trace elements,isotopic information and organic biomarkers(molecular biosignatures) found in ***, we introduce the analytical principle of each technique and the interpretation of the chemical signals, followed by a review of the main applications of these techniques in *** also demonstrate that each technique is associated with pros and cons, and the current limitations and obstacles associated with the use of each specific technique should be taken into account before being applied to fossil ***, we propose that, due to the rapid advances in the available technology and overall trends towards more multi-disciplinary studies in paleontology, chemical imaging techniques can be expected to have broader applications in paleontology in the near future.

关键词： trace elements isotopic information organic biomarkers fossil materials limits and obstacles

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Jurassic integrative stratigraphy and timescale of China

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Science China Earth sciences 2019年第1期62卷 223-255页

作者： Diying HUANG State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy center for excellence in life and paleoenvironment Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences

The Jurassic stratigraphy in China is dominated by continental sediments. Marine facies and marine-terrigenous facies sediment have developed locally in the Qinghai-Tibet area, southern South China, and northeast China. The division of terrestrial Jurassic strata has been argued, and the conclusions of biostratigraphy and isotope chronology have been *** the Jurassic period, the North China Plate, South China Plate, and Tarim Plate were spliced and formed the prototype of ancient China. The Yanshan Movement has had a profound influence on the eastern and northern regions of China and has formed an important regional unconformity. The Triassic-Jurassic boundary(201.3 Ma) is located roughly between the Haojiagou Formation and the Badaowan Formation in the Junggar Basin, and between the Xujiahe Formation and the Ziliujing Formation in the Sichuan Basin. The early Early Jurassic sediments generally were lacking in the eastern and central regions north of the ancient Dabie Mountains, suggesting that a clear uplift occurred in the eastern part of China during the Late Triassic period when it formed vast mountains and plateaus. A series of molasse-volcanic rock-coal strata developed in the northern margin of North China Craton in the Early Jurassic and are found in the Xingshikou Formation, Nandailing Formation, and Yaopo Formation in the West Beijing Basin. The geological age and markers of the boundary between the Yongfeng Stage and Liuhuanggou Stage are unclear. About 170 Ma ago, the Yanshan Movement began to affect China. The structural system of China changed from the near east-west Tethys or the Ancient Asia Ocean tectonic domain to the north-north-east Pacific tectonic domain since 170–135 Ma. A set of syngenetic conglomerate at the bottom of the Haifanggou or Longmen Fms. represented another set of molasse-volcanic rock-coal strata formed in the Yanliao region during the Middle Jurassic Yanshan Movement(Curtain A1). The bottom of the conglomerate is

关键词： Continental Jurassic Biostratigraphy Isotope chronology Age frame Yanshan Movement Yanliao biota

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The first ground tooth artifact in Upper Palaeolithic China

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Science China Earth sciences 2019年第2期62卷 403-411页

作者： Yue ZHANG Shuangquan ZHANG Xing GAO Fuyou CHEN Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS center for excellence in life and paleoenvironment University of chinese academy of sciences

Scholars have long recognized the importance of organic artifacts to an improved understanding of the economic and social behavior of Palaeolithic hominins. However, in contrast to archaeological studies in other parts of the world, osseous industries from China have received only limited attention. As one of the first steps aiming at tipping this balance, the current paper examines, therefore, a shaped boar tusk—one particular element of hunter-gatherers’ tool kit at Shuidonggou Locality 12 (SDG12). Morphological and metrical comparisons of the tusk with both paleontological specimens and bone artifacts from the same site demonstrate that wear pattern on one of the dentin surfaces of the tooth is not significant different from occlusal attritions in living animals, while linear striations on the other dentin facet are most probably artificial grinding marks formed by prehistoric toolmakers in attempts to manufacture a scraper. The tusk specimen from SDG12 represents the first evidence of a ground tooth in Upper Palaeolithic China. The current study indicates that hominins in Shuidonggou area had achieved a deepened understanding of physical properties of osseous material available in environs and ultimately broadened their range of raw material selection by adding a particular element to the inventory of subsistence tools.

关键词： Upper Palaeolithic Osseous artifacts Boar tusk Grinding Splitting Shuidonggou

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Jurassic integrative stratigraphy,biotas,and paleogeographical evolution of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas

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Science China Earth sciences 2024年第4期67卷 1195-1228页

作者： Jianguo LI Xin RAO Lin MU Xiaohui CUI Xin LI Hui LUO Peixue LIU center for excellence in life and paleoenvironment Nanjing Institute of Geology and PalaeontologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Nanjing College University of Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 211135China

The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau experienced a unique geological evolution during the Jurassic,driven by the termination of the Palaeotethys and the reduction of the *** Indian Plate separated from the northern margin of Gondwana and drifted northward from the Southern *** that the timing of strata serves as the basis for reconstructing geological history,the present work aimed to develop a new multiple stratigraphic and chronologic framework for the Jurassic strata of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau region via a synthesis of the material on lithostratigraphy,palaeontology,iso-radiometric dating,magnetostratigraphy,and other techniques with an emphasis on recent progress and *** new framework included the Jurassic System from the four major subdivisions of the plateau:the Baryan Har,Qiangtang,Lhasa-Gandise,and Southern Xizang(Himalaya).Ultimately,a more complete,refined biostratigraphic sequence was proposed,comprising the most common fossils in the plateau and those that are stratigraphically significant for the Jurassic stratigraphy,including ammonites,bivalves,brachiopods,foraminifera,radiolarians,and dinoflagellate cysts for the marine strata,and pollen and spores,and charophytes for the terrestrial *** biostratigraphic framework was correlated with the Jurassic international standard zonation of the Geological Time Scale 2020 via standard or representative species or genera of *** on this framework,we constructed a lateral correlation of the Jurassic strata between different basins of the *** palaeontologic correlation in the present work shows that the Lhasa-Gandise Block had a closer relationship with the Qiangtang Block than with the Southern Xizang Himalaya during the Jurassic ***,the Lhasa-Gandise Block and Qiangtang Block shared similar marine fauna features of the north marginal East *** contrasts the opinion suggesting that the Yarlung Zangbo Tethys was a small back-arc basin.A c

关键词： Biostratigraphy Chronostratigraphy Correlation Yarlung Zangbo suture Bangong Co-Nujiang suture Tethys

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Dinosaur-associated Poaceae epidermis and phytoliths from the Early Cretaceous of China

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National Science Review 2018年第5期5卷 721-727页

作者： Yan Wu Hai-Lu You Xiao-Qiang Li Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of chinese academy of sciences Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of Sciences CAS center for excellence in life and paleoenvironment College of Earth sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Grasses(Poaceae) are human’s most important crop plants and among the most important extant clades of vascular plants. However, the origin and early evolution of grasses are controversial, with estimated ages from molecular dating ranging between 59 and 129 Ma(million years ago). Here we report the discovery of basalmost grasses from the late Early Cretaceous(Albian, 113-101 Ma) of China based on microfossils(silicified epidermal pieces and phytoliths) extracted from a special structure along the dentition of a basal hadrosauroid(duck-billed dinosaur). Thus, this discovery represents the earliest known grass fossils, and is congruent with previous estimations on grass origin and early evolution calibrated by oldest known fossil grasses, highlighting the role of fossils in molecular dating. This discovery also indicates deep-diverging grasses probably gained broad distribution across both Laurasian and Gondwanan continents during the Barremian(129-125 Ma).

关键词： Poaceae dinosaur phytolith epidermis Early Cretaceous

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Middle–Late Jurassic fossils from northeastern China reveal morphological stasis in the catkin-yew

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National Science Review 2020年第11期7卷 1765-1767页

作者： Chong Dong Gongle Shi Fabiany Herrera Yongdong Wang Patrick S.Herendeen Peter R.Crane State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment Chinese Academy of Sciences

The Taxaceae, commonly known as the yews, are widely used in ornamental horticulture and are an important source of chemotherapeutic drugs (e.g. Paclitaxel).The Taxaceae have long been considered distinct from other conifers, based on their axillary seed-bearing structures that are very different from most conifer cones, consisting of an axis bearing a single terminal seed with a fleshy aril,subtended by several bracts [1].

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Study on the Jehol Biota:Recent advances and future prospects

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Science China Earth sciences 2020年第6期63卷 757-773页

作者： Xing XU Zhonghe ZHOU Yuan WANG Min WANG Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of chinese academy of sciences Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesCAS Center for Excellence in Life and PaleoenvironmentBeijing 100044China

The Jehol Biota is an Early Cretaceous terrestrial fossil assemblage of paramount significance,and its core distribution areas are western Liaoning,northern Hebei,and southeastern Inner *** with a research history of more than 150 years,it started yielding important fossils until early 1990s,which include feathered dinosaurs,early birds,early mammals,flower-visiting insects,and early *** discoveries have implications for understanding the origins and early evolution of several major organismal groups,as well as the origin and initial formation of modern terrestrial *** review presents a brief introduction of the major discoveries,research history,and current understanding of this biota,and also provides future prospects for studying the Jehol Biota.

关键词： Jehol Biota Early Cretaceous Terrestrial ecosystem Origin Evolution

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Evolution and distribution of medullary bone: evidence from a new Early Cretaceous enantiornithine bird

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National Science Review 2020年第6期7卷 1068-1078页

作者： Min Wang Jingmai K.O'Connor Alida M.Bailleul Zhiheng Li Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS center for excellence in life and paleoenvironment

Living birds are unique among vertebrates in the formation of a female-specific bone tissue called medullary bone(MB) that is strictly associated with reproductive activity. MB is a rapidly mobilized source of calcium and phosphorus for the production of eggshell. Among living taxa, its skeletal distribution can be highly extensive such that it even exists in the ribs of some species. Due to its ephemeral nature, MB is rarely fossilized and so little is understood with regard to the origin of MB and its skeletal distribution in early *** we describe a new Early Cretaceous enantiornithine bird, Mirusavis parvus, gen. et. sp. nov., indicating that skeleton-wide distribution of MB appeared early in avian evolution. We suggest that this represents the plesiomorphic condition for the Aves and that the distribution of MB observed among extant neornithines is a product of increased pneumatization in this lineage and natural selection for more efficient distribution of MB.

关键词： Aves Cretaceous medullary bone phylogeny reproduction

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