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Unraveling brain aging through the lens of oral microbiota

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1930-1943页

作者： Qinchao Hu Si Wang Weiqi Zhang Jing Qu Guang-Hui Liu State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Hospital of Stomatology Guanghua School of StomatologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of StomatologySun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Aging Translational Medicine Center International Center for Aging and CancerBeijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research CenterXuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine Beijing Institute of GenomicsChinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for BioinformationBeijingChina University of chinese academy of Sciences BeijingChina Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Aging Biomarker Consortium BeijingChina State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine BeijingChina

The oral cavity is a complex physiological community encompassing a wide range of *** of oral microbiota can lead to various oral infectious diseases,such as periodontitis and tooth decay,and even affect systemic health,including brain aging and neurodegenerative *** studies have highlighted how oral microbes might be involved in brain aging and neurodegeneration,indicating potential avenues for intervention *** this review,we summarize clinical evidence demonstrating a link between oral microbes/oral infectious diseases and brain aging/neurodegenerative diseases,and dissect potential mechanisms by which oral microbes contribute to brain aging and *** also highlight advances in therapeutic development grounded in the realm of oral microbes,with the goal of advancing brain health and promoting healthy aging.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease brain aging multiple sclerosis neurodegeneration neurodegenerative diseases oral microbiota Parkinson's disease periodontitis bacteria Porphyromonas gingivalis

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Einstein Probe discovery of EP240408a: A peculiar X-ray transient with an intermediate timescale

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 222-240页

作者： Wenda Zhang Weimin Yuan Zhixing Ling Yong Chen Nanda Rea Arne Rau Zhiming Cai Huaqing Cheng Francesco Coti Zelati Lixin Dai Jingwei Hu Shumei Jia Chichuan Jin Dongyue Li Paul O’Brien Rongfeng Shen Xinwen Shu Shengli Sun Xiaojin Sun Xiaofeng Wang Lei Yang Bing Zhang Chen Zhang Shuang-Nan Zhang Yonghe Zhang Jie An David Buckley Alexis Coleiro Bertrand Cordier Liming Dou Rob Eyles-Ferris Zhou Fan Hua Feng Shaoyu Fu Johan P.U.Fynbo Lluis Galbany Saurabh W.Jha Shuaiqing Jiang Albert Kong Erik Kuulkers Weihua Lei Wenxiong Li Bifang Liu Mingjun Liu Xing Liu Yuan Liu Zhu Liu Chandreyee Maitra Alessio Marino Itumeleng Monageng Kirpal Nandra Jeremy Sanders Roberto Soria Lian Tao Junfeng Wang Song Wang Tinggui Wang Zhongxiang Wang Qingwen Wu Xuefeng Wu Dong Xu Yanjun Xu Suijian Xue Yongquan Xue Zijian Zhang Zipei Zhu Hu Zou Congying Bao Fansheng Chen Houlei Chen Tianxiang Chen Wei Chen Yehai Chen Yifan Chen Chenzhou Cui Weiwei Cui Yanfeng Dai Dongwei Fan Ju Guan Dawei Han Dongjie Hou Haibo Hu Maohai Huang Jia Huo Zhenqing Jia Bowen Jiang Ge Jin Chengkui Li Junfei Li Longhui Li Maoshun Li Wei Li Zhengda Li Tianying Lian Congzhan Liu Heyang Liu Huaqiu Liu Fangjun Lu Laidan Luo Jia Ma Xuan Mao Haiwu Pan Xin Pan Liming Song Hui Sun Yunyin Tan Qingjun Tang Yihan Tao Hao Wang Juan Wang Lei Wang Wenxin Wang Yilong Wang Yusa Wang Qinyu Wu Haitao Xu Jingjing Xu Xinpeng Xu Yunfei Xu Zhao Xu Changbin Xue Yulong Xue Ailiang Yan Haonan Yang Xiongtao Yang Yanji Yang Juan Zhang Mo Zhang Wenjie Zhang Zhen Zhang Zhen Zhang Ziliang Zhang Donghua Zhao Haisheng Zhao Xiaofan Zhao Zijian Zhao Hongyan Zhou Yilin Zhou Yuxuan Zhu Zhencai Zhu National Astronomical Observatories chinese academy of Sciences School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of chinese academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy Physics chinese academy of Sciences Institute of Space Sciences (ICE) CSIC Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC) Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics Innovation academy for Microsatellites chinese academy of Sciences Department of Physics University of Hong Kong School of Physics and Astronomy University of Leicester School of Physics and Astronomy Sun Yat-sen University Department of Physics Anhui Normal University Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics chinese academy of Sciences Physics Department Tsinghua University Nevada Center for Astrophysics University of Nevada Las Vegas Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Nevada Las Vegas South African Astronomical Observatory Department of Astronomy University of Cape Town Department of Physics University of the Free State Université Paris Cité CNRS Astroparticule et Cosmologie Université Paris Cité CEA Paris-Saclay IRFU/DAp-AIM Department of Astronomy Guangzhou University Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN) Niels Bohr Institute University of Copenhagen Department of Physics and Astronomy Rutgers the State University of New Jersey Institute for Cosmic Ray Research The University of Tokyo ESA/ESTEC Department of Astronomy School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and Technology INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino Sydney Institute for Astronomy School of Physics The University of Sydney Department of Astronomy Xiamen University Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing Normal University Department of Astronomy University of Science and Technology School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Institute of Deep Space Sciences Deep Space Exploration Laboratory Department of Astronomy School of Physics and Astronomy Yunnan University Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chi

We report the discovery of a peculiar X-ray transient,EP240408a,by Einstein Probe （EP） and follow-up studies made with EP,Swift,NICER,GROND,ATCA and other ground-based multiwavelength *** new transient was first detected with Wide-field X-ray Telescope （WXT） on board EP on April 8th,2024,manifested in an intense yet brief X-ray flare lasting for *** flare reached a peak flux of 3.9×10-9erg cm-2s-1in 0.5-4 ke V,～300 times brighter than the underlying X-ray emission detected throughout the *** and more precise follow-up observations by EP/FXT,Swift and NICER confirmed the finding of this new *** X-ray spectrum is non-thermal in 0.5-10 ke V,with a power-law photon index varying *** X-ray light curve shows a plateau lasting for ～4 d,followed by a steep decay till becoming undetectable ～10 d after the initial *** on its temporal property and constraints from previous EP observations,an unusual timescale in the range of 7-23 d is found for EP240408a,which is intermediate between the commonly found fast and long-term *** counterparts have been found in optical and near-infrared,with the earliest observation at 17 h after the initial X-ray detection,suggestive of intrinsically weak emission in these *** demonstrate that the remarkable properties of EP240408a are inconsistent with any of the transient types known so far,by comparison with,in particular,jetted tidal disruption events,gamma-ray bursts,X-ray binaries and fast blue optical *** nature of EP240408a thus remains an *** suggest that EP240408a may represent a new type of transients with intermediate timescales of the order of～10 *** detection and follow-ups of more of such objects are essential for revealing their origin.

关键词： X-ray transients ${\bm~{Einstein~~Probe}}$

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Framework for understanding intention-unbreakable malware

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2023年第4期66卷 174-192页

作者： Tiantian JI Binxing FANG Xiang CUI Zhongru WANG Peng LIAO Shouyou SONG Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Distributed Computing and Service(BUPT) Ministry of Education Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology Guangzhou University chinese academy of cyberspace studies Beijing Dig Apis Technology Co. Ltd.

The anti-analysis technology of malware has always been the focus in the cyberspace security field. As malware analysis techniques evolve, malware writers continually employ sophisticated anti-reverse engineering techniques to defeat and evade state-of-the-art analyzers. Therefore, to prepare for unknown attacks, studying malware analysis techniques is insufficient. More importantly, we should study new antianalysis techniques for malware. This paper expands the concept of anti-analysis malware and defines a type of intention-unbreakable malware(IUM). To help defenders fully understand and establish a defense system against the new security threats, this paper systematically discusses IUM from the perspectives of threat discovery, threat modeling, attribute analysis, and threat assessment; in addition, this study also provides the Po C implementations of IUM and demonstrates how attackers can use this type of malware to evade advanced security analysis, that is, accurate identification of target(class) victims and intention concealment in reaching non-target(class) victims. Finally, this paper provides several mitigation directions for combating IUM.

关键词： malware unbreakable property modeling mechanism accurate identification intention concealment

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The Exchange Attack and the Mixture Differential Attack Revisited: From the Perspective of Automatic Evaluation

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chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第1期33卷 19-29页

作者： Kexin QIAO Zhiyu ZHANG Zhongfeng NIU Liehuang ZHU School of cyberspace Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Cryptology Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Cryptography University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Recent results show that the differential properties within quadruples boom as a new inspiration in cryptanalysis of Advanced Encryption Standard(AES)-like constructions. These methods include the exchange attack proposed in Asiacrypt’19, the mixture differential attack proposed in To SC’18, etc., where the essential properties are obtained by manually scrutinizing the structures of the AES-like constructions. This paper presents a novel framework and an automatic tool based on mixed integer linear programming to search for mixture differential distinguishers for general constructions. This framework considers what equality patterns among quadruples can make a distinguisher and traces how the patterns propagate through cipher components with accurate probability *** this tool, a 5-round AES distinguishing attack with lower complexity and more 6-round distinguishing attacks in the chosen plaintext scenarios are deduced. We prove that no exchange-type or mixture differential distinguisher exists for 7 and above rounds AES if the details of the Sbox and Mix Columns matrix are not taken into account.

关键词： Ciphers Estimation Encryption Mixed integer linear programming Complexity theory Standards

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Simulation of Heating with the Waves of Ion Cyclotron Range of Frequencies in Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak

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Plasma Science and Technology 2010年第1期12卷 20-26页

作者：杨程朱思铮张新军 Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Magnetic Fusion Theory studies Chinese Academy of Sciences

Simulation on the heating scenarios in experimental advanced superconducting tokamak （EAST） was performed by using a full wave code TORIC. The locations of resonance layers for these heating schemes are predicted and the simulations for different schemes in ICRF experiments in EAST, for example, ion heating （both fundamental and harmonic frequency） or electron heating （by direct fast waves or by mode conversion waves）, on-axis or off-axis heating, and high- field-side （HFS） launching or low-field-side （LFS） launching, etc, were conducted. For the on-axis minority ion heating of 3He in D（3He） plasma, the impacts of both density and temperature on heating were discussed in the EAST parameter ranges.

关键词： ICRF TORIC mode-conversion heating with minority ions poloidal mode on-axis off-axis IBW ICW

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Computational Visual Media 2024年第4期10卷 725-740页

作者： Zhaofeng Xuan Dayan Wu Wanqian Zhang Qinghang Su Bo Li Weiping Wang Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China School of Cyber Security University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Key Laboratory of cyberspace Security Defense Institute of Information EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

Asymmetric image retrieval methods have drawn much attention due to their effectiveness in resource-constrained *** try to learn two models in an asymmetric paradigm,i.e.,a small model for the query side and a large model for the ***,we empirically find that the mutual training scheme(learning with each other)will inevitably degrade the performance of the large gallery model,due to the negative effects exerted by the small query *** this paper,we propose Central Similarity Consistency Hashing(CSCH),which simultaneously learns a small query model and a large gallery model in a mutually promoted manner,ensuring both high retrieval accuracy and efficiency on the query *** achieve this,we first introduce heuristically generated hash centers as the common learning target for both two *** of randomly assigning each hash center to its corresponding category,we introduce the Hungarian algorithm to optimally match each of them by aligning the Hamming similarity of hash centers to the semantic similarity of their ***,we introduce the instance-level consistency loss,which enables the explicit knowledge transfer from the gallery model to the query one,without the sacrifice of gallery *** by the unified learning of hash centers and the distilled knowledge from gallery model,the query model can be gradually aligned to the Hamming space of the gallery model in a decoupled *** experiments demonstrate the superiority of our CSCH method compared with current state-of-the-art deep hashing *** open-source code is available at https://***/dubanx/CSCH.

关键词： asymmetric image retrieval deep hashing Hungarian algorithm decoupled manner

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A Study of Soil-dynamics Based on a Simulated Drought in an Alpine Meadow on the Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Mountain Science 2013年第5期10卷 833-844页

作者： WANG Zhi-yuan SUN Geng LUO Peng MOU Cheng-xiang WANG Jun Center for Ecological studies Chengdu Institute of BiologyChinese Academy of Sciences University of chinese academy of Sciences

Extreme weather events have played an important role in driving the ecosystem dynamics in high altitude areas, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. To understand if and how the soil processes of an ecosystem react to extreme drought, we manipulated a once-in-a-century meteorological extreme drought in an alpine meadow on the Tibetan Plateau, which is also known as the ＂forerunner of global weather changes＂. The extremity was determined by statistical extreme weather events with respect to a historical reference period from April to September during 1962 - 2004, where the local historical precipitation data was calculated and intensified to loo-year recurrent drought event with Gumbel I distribution. The indicators we measured included soil microbial biomass C/N/P and soil enzymatic activities of phosphatase （AP） disbounding organic phosphate, cellobiohydrolase （CBH）, β- glucocidase （BG）, N-releasing enzyme N-acetyl- glucosaminidase （NAG） as well as soil respirations, during and after the treatments. It was found that the manipulated event induced a rapid shift in microbial biomass and activities, indicating a lower resistance of the underground process. However, the microbial and biochemical parameters saw rapid recovery after the event, which meant the soil processes enjoyed high resilience. The high responsiveness and lag-time effects of the soil indicators rendered new horizons for us to evaluate the interaction between the extremes and the ecosystem stability. Our study indicated that the once-in-a-century extreme drought induced very short term response in the soil biotic process, and the soil processes worked to buffer against such events under the observation period.

关键词： Extreme weather event Soil enzyme Microbial biomass Nutrient availability

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Tracking Your Browser with High-Performance Browser Fingerprint Recognition Model

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China Communications 2020年第3期17卷 168-175页

作者： Wei Jiang Xiaoxi Wang Xinfang Song Qixu Liu Xiaofeng Liu chinese academy of cyberspace studies Beijing 100010China College of Computer Science Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124China Beijing Information Technology College Beijing100015China Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China University of chinese academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

As the cyber security has attracted great attention in recent years,and with all kinds of tools’(such as Network Agent,VPN and so on)help,traditional methods of tracking users like log analysis and cookie have been not that *** for some privacy sensitive users who changed their browser configuration frequently to hide *** Browser Fingerprinting technology proposed by Electronic Frontier Foundation(EFF)gives a new approach of tracking users,and then our team designed an enhanced fingerprint dealing solution based on browser fingerprinting *** enhanced solution plays well in recognizing the similar fingerprints,but it is not that *** we improve the algorithm and propose a high-performance,efficient Browser Fingerprint Recognition *** new model reforms the fingerprint items set by EFF and propose a Fingerprint Tracking Algorithm(FTA)to deal with collected *** can associate users with some browser configuration changes in different periods of time quickly and *** testing with the experimental website built on the public network,we prove the high-performance and efficiency of our algorithm with a 20%time-consuming decrease than ever.

关键词： browser fingerprint AHP fingerprint tracking algorithm

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Development and Test of Combustion Chamber for Stirling Engine Heated by Natural Gas

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Journal of Thermal Science 2014年第2期23卷 196-201页

作者： LI Tie SONG Xiange GUI Xiaohong TANG Dawei LI Zhigang CAO Wenyu Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing International studies University

The combustion chamber is an important component for the Stifling engine heated by natural gas. In the paper, we develop a combustion chamber for the Stifling engine which aims to generate 3-5 kWe electric power. The combustion chamber includes three main components： combustion module, heat exchange cavity and thermal head. Its feature is that the structure can divide ＂combustion＂ process and ＂heat transfer＂ process into two appar- ent individual steps and make them happen one by one. Since natural gas can mix with air fully before burning, the combustion process can be easily completed without the second wind. The flame can avoid contacting the thermal head of Stifling engine, and the temperature fields can be easily controlled. The designed combustion chamber is manufactured and its performance is tested by an experiment which includes two steps. The experi- mental result of the first step proves that the mixture of air and natural gas can be easily ignited and the flame burns stably. In the second step of experiment, the combustion heat flux can reach 20 kW, and the energy utiliza- tion efficiency of thermal head has exceeded 0.5. These test results show that the thermal performance of com- bustion chamber has reached the design goal, The designed combustion chamber can be applied to a real Stifling engine heated by natural gas which is to generate 3-5 kWe electric power.

关键词： Combustion Chamber Natural Gas Stirling Engine Designing Performance Test

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Subsurface temperature anomalies in the North Pacific Ocean associated with the ENSO cycle

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chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2010年第6期28卷 1304-1315页

作者：陈永利赵永平王凡郝佳佳冯俊乔 Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Wave studies Chinese Academy of Sciences Yantai Institute of Costal Zone Research Chinese Academy of Sciences

Multi-year Simple Ocean Data Assimilation （SODA） and National Centers for Environmental Prediction （NCEP） datasets were used to investigate the leading patterns of subsurface ocean temperature anomalies （SOTA） and the corresponding atmospheric circulation structure in the Pacific Ocean （20°S-60°N）. In this paper, the evolution of North Pacific SOTA associated with El Nifio-southern oscillation （ENSO）, and their relationship with the overlying zonal/meridional atmospheric circulations were elucidated. The results indicate that：（1） there are two dominant modes for the interannual variability of the North Pacific SOTA. The primary mode is the dipole pattern of the central and western North Pacific SOTA associated with the leading mode of ENSO, and the second mode is the zonal pattern related to the second mode of ENSO. These two modes consist of the temporal-spatial variation of the SOTA in the North Pacific. （2） During the developing phase of the El Nifio event, positive （negative） SOTA appears in the western （central） portion of the North Pacific Ocean. During the mature and decaying phase of the E1 Nifio event, the western positive center and the central negative center continue to be maintained and enhanced. Meanwhile, the position of the western positive center slightly changes, and the central negative center moves eastward slowly. After the El Nifio event vanishes, the positive SOTA disappears, and the central negative SOTA becomes weak and remains in the northeastern Pacific Ocean. The results for La Nifia are generally the opposite. （3） During the El Nifio/La Nifia cycle, formation and evolution of the SOTA, with opposite signs in central and western North Pacific Ocean, resulted from vertical movement of the two northern branches of the Hadley Cell with opposite direction, as well as the positive feedback of the air-sea interaction induced by dynamic processes in the mid-latitudes. The former gives rise to the initial SOTA, and the latter intensifies SOTA. U

关键词： ENSO cycle North Pacific subsurface ocean temperature anomalies Hadley Cell

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