检索结果-南通市图书馆

Double-side role of short chain fatty acids on host health via the gut-organ axes

ANIMAL NUTRITION 2024年第3期18卷 322-339页

作者： Gao, Yanan Yao, Qianqian Meng, Lu Wang, Jiaqi Zheng, Nan chinese acad agr sci Inst Anim Sci Key Lab Qual & Safety Control Milk & Dairy Prod Minist Agr & Rural Affairs Beijing 100193 Peoples R China chinese acad agr sci Inst Anim Sci Milk & Milk Prod Inspect Ctr Minist Agr & Rural Affairs Beijing 100193 Peoples R China chinese acad agr sci Inst Anim Sci State Key Lab Anim Nutr Beijing 100193 Peoples R China Univ Liege Fac Vet Med Dept Food Sci B-4000 Liege Belgium

Short chain fatty acids (SCFA) exist in dietary foods and are produced by the fermentation of gut microbiota, and are considered an important element for regulating host health. Through blood circulation, SCFA produced in the gut and obtained from foods have an impact on the intestinal health as well as vital organs of the host. It has been recognized that the gut is the "vital organ" in the host. As the gut microbial metabolites, SCFA could create an "axis" connecting the gut and to other organs. Therefore, the "gut-organ axes" have become a focus of research in recent years to analyze organism health. In this review, we summarized the sources, absorption properties, and the function of SCFA in both gut and other peripheral tissues (brain, kidney, liver, lung, bone and cardiovascular) in the way of "gut-organ axes". Short chain fatty acids exert both beneficial and pathological role in gut and other organs in various ways, in which the beneficial effects are more pronounced. In addition, the beneficial effects are reflected in both preventive and therapeutic effects. More importantly, the mechanisms behinds the gut and other tissues provided insight into the function of SCFA, assisting in the development of novel preventive and therapeutic strategies for maintaining the host health. (c) 2024 The Authors. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co. Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： Short chain fatty acid Intestinal barrier Gut-organ axis Host health Beneficial effect Pathological effect ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE SODIUM-BUTYRATE RUMEN DEVELOPMENT INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA DIETARY FIBER FORMIC-ACID NONALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA BARRIER DYSFUNCTION BLOOD-PRESSURE

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Effects of biochanin A on lactational performance, nitrogen metabolism, and blood metabolites in dairy cows

引用

ANIMAL NUTRITION 2024年第3期18卷 441-449页

作者： Xiong, Zhanbo Li, Yanjun Zhang, Xiaoyin Zhang, Shiqi Li, Kexin Zheng, Nan Zhao, Shengguo Wang, Jiaqi chinese acad agr sci Inst Anim Sci State Key Lab Anim Nutr Beijing 100193 Peoples R China

Optimizing nitrogen utilization efficiency and mitigating nitrogen losses in cows plays a pivotal role in fostering economic sustainability within contemporary agricultural systems. Biochanin A (BCA), a natural component in red clover, has the potential to improve nitrogen metabolism in dairy cows. The primary objective of this study was to probe the impact of biochanin A supplementation on lactational performance, nitrogen metabolism, and blood metabolites in dairy cows. A complete randomized block design experiment was conducted over 28 d, involving 36 multiparous Holstein cows (comparable milk yield = 37.1 +/- 2.90 kg, BW = 642 +/- 70.0 kg, days in milk = 92 +/- 8.0 d, and parity = 2.4 +/- 0.50), which were allocated to three treatment groups: the Control group (with 0 g/d BCA), the Low group (with 10 g/d per cow BCA), and the High group (with 40 g/d per cow BCA). Biochanin A supplementation improved the lactational performance of cows by increasing milk yield by 6.3% (P = 0.007) and feed efficiency by 12.7% (P = 0.009). Total intestinal apparent digestibility was unaffected by BCA supplementation (P > 0.05), but microbial nitrogen was increased by 30.0% (P = 0.002) for promoting nitrogen utilization efficiency by 20.7% (P = 0.004). Milk competent yields (protein, lactose, and non-fat milk solid) were increased with increasing BCA supplementation (P 0.05). BCA did not affect body health of dairy cows. Additionally, none of the plasma endocrine hormones were affected (P > 0.05). A total of 95 significantly different metabolites were screened from the plasma metabolites of cows in the BCA-added and non-added groups. After performing an enrichment analysis of the metabolic pathways associated with the different metabolites, six specific pathways were iden

关键词： Biochanin A Lactational performance Nutritional metabolism Blood metabolite RED-CLOVER SILAGE FED DIETS ALFALFA SILAGE CRUDE PROTEIN EFFICIENCY RUMINANT GRASS RUMEN MATURITY SHEEP

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Effects of solid-state fermentation product of yeast supplementation on liver and intestinal health, and resistance of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) against spring viraemia carp virus

引用

ANIMAL NUTRITION 2024年第3期18卷 408-418页

作者： Wang, Mengxin Xia, Dongmei Yu, Lijuan Hao, Qiang Xie, Mingxu Zhang, Qingshuang Zhao, Yajie Meng, Delong Yang, Yalin Ran, Chao Teame, Tsegay Zhang, Zhen Zhou, Zhigang chinese acad agr sci Inst Feed Res China Norway Joint Lab Fish Gut Microbiota Beijing 100081 Peoples R China Tigray agr Res Inst Mekelle Agr Res Ctr Mekelle 251 Tigray Ethiopia Wuhan Polytech Univ Hubei Key Lab Anim Nutr & Feed Sci Wuhan 430000 Peoples R China chinese acad agr sci Inst Feed Res Key Lab Feed Biotechnol Minist Agr & Rural Affairs Beijing 100081 Peoples R China

This study aimed to investigate the effects of solid-state fermentation products of yeast (SFPY) on liver and intestinal health and disease resistance of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). A total of 200 common carp with an initial average weight of 2.55 +/- 0.004 g were divided into 5 groups (4 replications per group and 10 fish per replication), and were fed with one of five diets, including a control diet and 4 diets supplemented with 2 parts per thousand (Y2), 3 parts per thousand (Y3), 4 parts per thousand (Y4), or 5 parts per thousand (Y5) SFPY, respectively, for 8 weeks. Results indicated that, the addition of SFPY to the diet of common carp did not affect the growth performance or survival rate of fish (P = 0.253). Interestingly, with the addition of SFPY, the triacylglycerol (TAG) content of the liver presented a linear decreasing tendency (P = 0.004), with significantly decreased in Y4 and Y5 groups (P = 0.035) compared with control. Serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) content and diamine oxidase (DAO) activity presented a negative linear relationship with the addition of SFPY (P = 0.015, P = 0.030), while serum lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) content first decreased and then increased (P < 0.001). The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in the intestine of fish increased continuously with increasing SFPY supplementation (P = 0.026), reaching the highest level in Y5 group. The villus height in all experimental groups were significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.001). Furthermore, compared to the control, adding 3 parts per thousand SFPY to the control diet of common carp significantly increased the relative abundance of Fusobacteria (P = 0.018) and decreased that of Proteobacteria (P = 0.039) at phylum level, and increased the relative abundance of Cetobacterium (P= 0.018) and decreased that of Shewanella (P = 0.013) at genus level. Compared with the control, the relative mRNA expression level of spring viraemia of carp virus N protein (S

关键词： Yeast Solid-state fermentation product Probiotic Immunity Gut microbiota Common carp GROWTH-PERFORMANCE SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE IMMUNE-RESPONSE MICROBIOTA CETOBACTERIUM PERMEABILITY EXPRESSION CAPACITY CULTURE SHRIMP

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

4 x 112 Gb/s hybrid integrated silicon receiver based on photonic-electronic co-design

引用

chinese OPTICS LETTERS 2024年第8期22卷 082501-082501页

作者： Jin, Ye Xie, Yujun Zhang, Zhihan Lu, Donglai Yang, Menghan Li, Ang Meng, Xiangyan Qu, Yang Li, Leliang Shi, Nuannuan Li, Wei Zhu, Ninghua Qi, Nan Li, Ming chinese acad sci Inst Semicond Key Lab Optoelect Mat & Devices Beijing 100083 Peoples R China Univ chinese acad sci Ctr Mat Sci & Optoelect Engn Beijing 100190 Peoples R China Univ chinese acad sci Sch Elect Elect & Commun Engn Beijing 100049 Peoples R China chinese acad sci Inst Semicond Beijing 100083 Peoples R China Peng Cheng Lab Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China

A 4 x 112 Gb/s hybrid-integrated optical receiver is demonstrated based on the silicon-photonic vertical p-i-n photodetector and silicon-germanium transimpedance amplifier. We propose a photonic-electronic co-design technique to optimize both the device-level and system-level performance, based on the end-to-end equivalent circuit model of the receiver. Continuous-time linear equalization and shunt peaking are employed to enhance the frequency response. Experimental results reveal that the optical-to-electrical 3-dB bandwidth of the receiver is 48 GHz. Clear open NRZ eye diagrams at 56 Gb/s and PAM-4 eye diagrams at 112 Gb/s are achieved without an equalizer in the oscilloscope. The measured bit error rates for 56 Gb/s in NRZ and 112 Gb/s in PAM-4 reach 1 x 10 -12 and 2.4 x 10-4 -4 (KP4-FEC: forward error correction) thresholds under -4 dBm input power, respectively. Furthermore, the proposed receiver boasts a power consumption of approximately 2.2 pJ/bit, indicating an energy efficient solution for data center traffic growth.

关键词： optical receiver silicon photonics hybrid integration co-design OPTICAL RECEIVER PAM-4

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Improving millimeter-wave imaging quality using the vortex phase method

引用

DEFENCE TECHNOLOGY 2024年第9期39卷 193-202页

作者： Hu, Nairui Qi, Feng Wang, Yelong Liu, Zhaoyang Liu, Pengxiang Li, Weifan Key Lab Terahertz Imaging & Sensing Shenyang 110169 Peoples R China Shenyang Aerosp Univ Shenyang 110136 Peoples R China chinese acad sci Key Lab Optoelect Informat Proc Shenyang 110169 Peoples R China chinese acad sci Shenyang Inst Automat Shenyang 110169 Peoples R China chinese acad sci Inst Robot & Intelligent Mfg Shenyang 110169 Peoples R China Univ chinese acad sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China

This paper investigates a new vortex wave imaging approach to improve the imaging quality of small metal targets of size less than 1.5 mm. Antennas with different spiral phase plates are designed to efficiently transmit vortex beams with orbital angular momentums (OAMs). By analyzing the OAM spectrum of the target, it was discovered that the predominant reflection contains a particular OAM mode that carries abundant azimuthal information. This can be explained by the OAM selectivity of the target and the guidance of the vortex transmitting beam. A simple reflection vortex imaging system was designed to capture the phase information. Measurement results show that the high image contrast reaches 14.9%, which is twice as high as that of the imaging without OAM. Both of simulations and experiments demonstrate that the vortex phase imaging approach proposed in this paper can effectively improve the imaging quality at 80 GHz. This approach is suitable for other millimeter wave imaging systems and is helpful to improve the resolution in anti-terrorism security checks.

关键词： Orbital angular momentums (OAMs) beams Focal plane imaging Spiral phase plates (SPPs) Vortex spectrum ORBITAL ANGULAR-MOMENTUM

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Slicing of large-size single crystals by ultrafast laser with external stress assistance

引用

chinese OPTICS LETTERS 2024年第8期22卷 081601-081601页

作者： Wang, Lifeng Liu, Lili Wang, Yinan Li, Xun Li, Chenchen Li, Ming chinese acad sci Xian Inst Opt & Precis Mech State Key Lab Transient Opt & Photon Xian 710119 Peoples R China Univ chinese acad sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China

The existing single-crystal slicing techniques result in significant material wastage and elevate the production cost of premium-quality thin slices of crystals. Here we report (for the first time, to our knowledge) an approach for vertical slicing of large-size single-crystal gain materials by ultrafast laser. By employing aberration correction techniques, the optimization of the optical field distribution within the high-refractive-index crystal enables the achievement of a continuous laser-modified layer with a thickness of less than 10 mu m, oriented perpendicular to the direction of the laser direction. The compressed focal spot facilitates crack initiation, enabling propagation under external forces, ultimately achieving the successful slicing of a Phi 12 mm crystal. The surface roughness of the sliced Yb:YAG is less than 2.5 mu m. The results illustrate the potential of low-loss slicing strategy for single-crystal fabrication and pave the way for the future development of thin disk lasers.

关键词： single-crystal gain materials ultrafast laser slicing YAG aberration correction FEMTOSECOND LASER DEFORMATION MECHANISM YAG

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Steady-state multiscale CFD simulation of a circulating fl uidized bed riser

引用

PARTICUOLOGY 2024年第10期93卷 54-64页

作者： Ke, Zhaojie Tian, Yujie Li, Fei Lu, Bona Wang, Wei chinese acad sci Inst Proc Engn State Key Lab Mesosci & Engn Beijing 100190 Peoples R China Univ chinese acad sci Sch Chem Engn Beijing 100049 Peoples R China

Compared to transient simulation, steady-state simulation of circulating fluidized bed risers is more efficient, but is also harder to perform due to the complex scale-dependency of dense gas-solid flows. In this work, steady-state computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of a riser is performed using the steady energy-minimization multi-scale (EMMS) drag. It is found that the steady state corresponds to an extremely large scale of length and time, thus the grid size required in steady-state simulation is larger than that in transient one. The time-averaged two-fluid model (TFM) coupled with the steady-state EMMS/1M drag model enables a good prediction of the S-shaped, axial solids distribution and the choking transition, whereas the two-phase turbulence and solids stress models are important in predicting the radially core-annular distribution of solids. So far as we know, this is the first time that one can predict the choking transition in a steady-state CFD simulation. Further improvement may need an EMMS modeling of the time-averaged solid stresses. (c) 2024 chinese Society of Particuology and Institute of Process Engineering, chinese academy of sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.

关键词： Fluidization Drag force Steady state Simulation Mesoscale GAS-PARTICLE FLOW STRUCTURE-DEPENDENT ANALYSIS FILTERED 2-FLUID MODELS FLUIDIZED-BED NUMERICAL-SIMULATION SOLID FLOWS EULERIAN SIMULATION VERTICAL PIPE EMMS VALIDATION

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Machine learning optimization strategy of shaped charge liner structure based on jet penetration efficiency

引用

DEFENCE TECHNOLOGY 2024年第9期39卷 23-41页

作者： Zhao, Ziqi Li, Tong Sheng, Donglin Chen, Jian Yan, Amin Chen, Yan Wang, Haiying Chen, Xiaowei Dai, Lanhong chinese acad sci Inst Mech State Key Lab Nonlinear Mech Beijing 100190 Peoples R China Univ chinese acad sci Sch Future Technol Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Univ chinese acad sci Sch Engn Sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Beijing Inst Technol State Key Lab Explos Sci & Technol Beijing 100081 Peoples R China

Shaped charge liner (SCL) has been extensively applied in oil recovery and defense industries. Achieving superior penetration capability through optimizing SCL structures presents a substantial challenge due to intricate rate-dependent processes involving detonation-driven liner collapse, high-speed jet stretching, and penetration. This study introduces an innovative optimization strategy for SCL structures that employs jet penetration efficiency as the primary objective function. The strategy combines experimentally validated finite element method with machine learning (FEM-ML). We propose a novel jet penetration efficiency index derived from enhanced cutoff velocity and shape characteristics of the jet via machine learning. This index effectively evaluates the jet penetration performance. Furthermore, a multi-model fusion based on a machine learning optimization method, called XGBOOST-MFO, is put forward to optimize SCL structure over a large input space. The strategy's feasibility is demonstrated through the optimization of copper SCL implemented via the FEM-ML strategy. Finally, this strategy is extended to optimize the structure of the recently emerging CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy conical liners and hemispherical copper liners. Therefore, the strategy can provide helpful guidance for the engineering design of SCL. (c) 2024 China Ordnance Society. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co. Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.

关键词： Jet penetration efficiency Shaped charge liner FEM-ML XGBOOST MFO High-entropy alloy LONG ROD PERFORMANCE COMPRESSIBILITY EXTENSION SEARCH DESIGN MODEL

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Optical secret sharing by multi-step liquid crystal planar doublet panning and coupling

引用

chinese OPTICS LETTERS 2024年第8期22卷 080502-080502页

作者： Mo, Zhichang Chen, Yi Zhu, Xiangyu Zhang, Zhouhao Li, Dawei Shao, Jianda Zhao, Yuanan Wang, Jianguo chinese acad sci Shanghai Inst Opt & Fine Mech Lab Thin Film Opt Shanghai 201800 Peoples R China Univ chinese acad sci Ctr Mat Sci & Optoelect Engn Beijing 100049 Peoples R China chinese acad sci Key Lab Mat High Power Laser Shanghai 201800 Peoples R China Henan Normal Univ Sch Phys Henan Key Lab Infrared Mat & Spectrum Measures & A Xinxiang 453007 Peoples R China Univ chinese acad sci Hangzhou Inst Adv Study Hangzhou 310024 Peoples R China

The hologram, which is formed by phases coupled through cascade devices for secret information sharing, still carries a cracking risk. We propose a liquid crystal planar doublet as the information carrier, and new holograms generated by the new coupled phases when the relative displacements of the different liquid crystal layers change. The designed geometrical phases are generated by an optimized iterative restoration algorithm, and each holographic image formed by these phases is readable. This scheme achieves an increase in the capacity of the stored secret information and provides more misdirection, which is expected to have potential value in optical steganography and storage.

关键词： liquid crystal holography optical steganography displacement coupled geometrical phase PHASE FABRICATION

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Allelopathic potentials of surrounding vegetation on seedling establishment of alpine cushion Arenaria polytrichoides Edgew

引用

JOURNAL OF PLANT ECOLOGY 2024年第2期17卷 146-160页

作者： Chen, Xu-Fang Qian, Li-Shen Shi, Hong-Hua Zhang, Ya-Zhou Song, Min-Shu Sun, Hang Chen, Jian-Guo chinese acad sci Kunming Inst Bot Key Lab Plant Divers & Biogeog East Asia Kunming 650201 Yunnan Peoples R China Univ chinese acad sci Beijing 101408 Peoples R China

When facilitating other species and sustaining plant community structures and biodiversity, alpine cushion plants simultaneously experience negative feedback effects from surrounding vegetation. However, the impact of surrounding vegetation on cushion dynamics remains poorly understood, particularly in terms of allelopathic potentials. To investigate the allelopathic potentials of surrounding vegetation on seedling establishment of the typical cushion plant Arenaria polytrichoides Edgew. along an elevational gradient, we extracted potential allelopathic compounds and tested their impacts on seed germination and seedling growth of A. polytrichoides. In addition, exclusion experiments using activated carbon were conducted to further elucidate these effects. Our results demonstrate that surrounding vegetation exhibits certain allelopathic potentials on A. polytrichoides seedling establishment, with variations observed based on elevation, source and concentration of allelopathy compounds, as well as growing season. Specifically, low-elevation vegetation exerts pronounced suppression on seedling establishment. Conversely, higher-elevation vegetation generally shows no effect on seed germination but stimulates seedling growth through allelopathy mechanisms. Moreover, aboveground vegetation predominantly inhibits both seed germination and seedling growth in low-elevation communities; however, the effects of belowground vegetation depend on elevation and extract concentration levels. The identified allelopathic potentials of surrounding vegetation significantly influence the population dynamics of cushion A. polytrichoides by potentially accelerating population degeneration in lower-elevation communities while ensuring consistent population recruitment and expansion in higher-elevation communities.

关键词： allelopathic potential community dynamic cushion plant seed germination seedling growth ECOSYSTEM ENGINEERS PLANT-COMMUNITIES FACILITATION COMPETITION INCREASE DIVERSITY DYNAMICS SURVIVAL SHRUB

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：