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Methylation Status of the Follistatin Gene at Different Development Stages of Japanese Flounder(Paralichthys olivaceus)

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Journal of Ocean University of china 2018年第5期17卷 1243-1252页

作者： HUANG Yajuan HU Nan SI Yufeng LI Siping WU Shuxian ZHANG Meizhao WEN Haishen LI Jifang LI Yun HE Feng The Key laboratory of mariculture of Ministry of Education Fishery CollegeOcean University of China

Follistatin （Fst） is a hyperplasia factor that plays a crucial role in muscle development. DNA methylation, a significant process, regulates gene expression. The aim of our study is to examine the DNA methylation and expression patterns ofFst gene at five different development stages of Japanese flounder （stage A, 7 dph; stage B, 90 dph; stage C, about 180 dph; stage D, about 24 months; stage E, about 36 months）. The muscle tissue of Japanese flounder was obtained at different development stages in dais experiment. DNA methylation levels in the promoter and exon 2 of Fst were determined by bisulfite sequencing, and the relative expression of the Fst gene at the five stages was measured by quantitative PCR. The results showed that the lowest methylation level was at stage A and the highest methylation level was at stage B. Moreover, the highest expression level of the Fst gene was observed at stage A. The mRNA abundance was negatively correlated with DNA methylation level. Three CpG islands in the promoter region and three CpG islands in exon 2 of Fst were found in the binding sequence of the putative transcription factor. These results offered a theoretical basis for the mechanism of Fst gene regulation to muscle development at different development stages.

关键词： Japanese flounder Follistatin DNA methylation gene expression muscle growth

Comparison of the Respiratory Metabolism of Juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei Cultured in Seawater and Freshwater

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Journal of Ocean University of china 2014年第2期13卷 331-337页

作者： DING Sen WANG Fang DONG Shuanglin LI Ying The Key laboratory of mariculture of Ministry of Education of china Ocean University of China laboratory of Riverine Ecological Conservation and technology Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences

Litopenaeus vannamei, a euryhaline species, can be cultured at a wide range of salinities. The emergence of freshwater pond-culture ofL. vannamei is an important prelude to the continued development of shrimp culture in china. In this study, we com- pared the respiratory metabolism of juvenile L. vannamei cultured in freshwater and saltwater by measuring their oxygen consump-tion rate （OCR）, ammonium-type nitrogen excretion rate （AER） and pyruvate kinase （PK） and lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） activi-ties at different molting stages in order to physiecologically characterize juvenile L. vannamei under freshwater conditions. The re- suits showed that OCR was significantly higher in saltwater than in freshwater at all stages of molting cycle. However, variation of OCR among molting stages in saltwater was similar with that in freshwater, and the highest OCR was observed at post-molting stage. At all stages of molting cycle, AER was significantly higher in freshwater than in saltwater, and the highest was observed at post-molting stage. The activity of PK was significantly higher in saltwater than in freshwater. Conversely, the activity of LDH was higher in freshwater than in saltwater in general. Significant variation of PK and LDH activities in molting cycle was observed in saltwater and freshwater. The results indicated that aerobic metabolism of juvenile L. vannamei was more active in saltwater than in freshwater; while its protein metabolism was more active in freshwater than in saltwater.

关键词： Litopenaeus vannamei saltwater freshwater respiratory metabolism molt stage

Phylogeny of forkhead genes in three spiralians and their expression in Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2014年第6期32卷 1207-1223页

作者：杨梅许飞刘俊阙华勇李莉张国范 National & Local joint Engineering laboratory of Ecological mariculture Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The Fox genes encode a group of transcription factors that contain a forkhead domain, which forms a structure known as a winged helix. These transcription factors play a crucial role in several key biological processes, including development. High-degree identity in the canonical forkhead domain has been used to divide Fox proteins into 23 families （FoxA to FoxS）. We surveyed the genome of three spiralians, the oyster Crassostrea gigas, the limpet Lottia gigantea, and the annelid Capitella teleta. We identified 25 C. gigas fox genes, 21 L. gigantea fox genes, and 25 C. teleta fox genes. The C. gigas fox and L. giganteafox genes represented 19 of the 23 families, whereas FoxI, QI, R, and S were missing. The majority of the Fox families were observed within the C. teletafox genes, with the exception of FoxR and S. In addition, thefoxAB-like gene,foxY-like gene, andfoxH gene were also present in the three genomes. The conserved FoxC-FoxL 1 cluster, observed in mammals, was also found in C. gigas. The diversity of temporal expression patterns observed across the developmental process implies the C. gigasfox genes exert a wide range of functions. Further functional studies are required to gain insight into the evolution of Fox genes in bilaterians.

关键词： Fox genes Crassostrea gigas Capitella teleta Lottia gigantea evolution expression pattern

Comparisons of Salinity Adaptation in Terms of Growth, Body Composition, and Energy Budget in Juveniles of Rainbow and Steelhead Trouts (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

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Journal of Ocean University of china 2019年第2期18卷 509-518页

作者： XIONG Yinghuai WANG Xin DONG Shuanglin WANG Fang YANG Jingwen ZHOU Yangen Key laboratory of mariculture of Ministry of Education Ocean University of China Function laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology

This study examined the effect of different salinities(0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30) on the growth performance and energy budget of juveniles of two different ecotypes of Oncorhynchus mykiss, landlocked rainbow trout and anadromous steelhead trout. In the 42 d experiment, fish were cultured in three replicate tanks per salinity treatment(eight fish per tank). At the end of the experiment, the growth of rainbow and steelhead trouts was significantly higher at salinities of 5 and 10, respectively, than at all other salinities. The protein, lipid and energy content of both ecotypes declined with the increase of salinity. Based on their energy budgets, the percentage of energy consumed for growth by rainbow and steelhead trouts were significantly higher at salinities of 5(34.00% ±1.69%) and 10(43.76% ± 1.29%), respectively, than at all other salinities. The percentage of energy consumed for respiration by rainbow and steelhead trouts was lower at salinities of 5(54.90% ± 1.77%) and 10(46.73% ± 0.62%), respectively, than at all other salinities. Our results indicated that the salinity adaptation ability of juvenile steelhead trout was slightly better than that of juvenile rainbow trout, and salinities of 10 and 5, respectively, were most suitable for growth of these two fishes.

关键词： rainbow trout steelhead trout salinity growth body biochemical composition energy budget

A Comparative Study on the Nonspecific Immunity of Juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei ever Inhabiting Freshwater and Seawater

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Journal of Ocean University of china 2014年第3期13卷 472-478页

作者： JIA Xuying DING Sen WANG Fang DONG Shuanglin Key laboratory of mariculture of Ministry of Education of china Ocean University of China laboratory of Riverine Ecological Conservation and technology Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences

A study on the nonspecific immunity of Litopenaeus vannamei ever inhabiting freshwater and seawater was carried out at different molt stages by comparing their total hemocyte count(THC) and respiratory burst(RB) and activity of phenol oxidase(PO), nitric oxide synthase(NOS) and lysozyme(LY). Two-way ANOVA showed that salinity and molt stage independently affected THC and RB and the activity of PO, NOS and LY of juvenile L. vannamei significantly(P < 0.05). The THC and RB and the activity of NOS gradually increased from the post-molt stages(A and B) to the pre-molt stages(D0–D3), which were common in shrimps inhabiting freshwater and seawater. The activity of PO peaked at the inter-molt stage(C), and touched the lowest at the post-molt stage in freshwater and pre-molt stage in seawater. The activity of LY was stable over the molt cycle. The RB and the activity of PO, NOS and LY of juvenile L. vannamei were significantly lower in freshwater than in seawater; whereas THC was significantly higher in freshwater than in seawater(P < 0.05). It was concluded that the post-molt stage(especially stage A) was critical to shrimp culture, which should be intensively attended when L. vannamei was cultured in freshwater.

关键词： Litopenaeus vannamei nonspecific immunity freshwater seawater molt stage

Comparative Evaluation of Toleration to Heating and Hypoxia of Three Kinds of Salmonids

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Journal of Ocean University of china 2018年第6期17卷 1465-1472页

作者： SHI Kunpeng DONG Shuanglin ZHOU Yangen GAO Qinfeng LI Li ZHANG Meizhao SUN Dajiang Key laboratory of mariculture of Ministry of Education Ocean University of China Function laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology

This study was conducted to evaluate the critical thermal maximum(CTMax), the routine metabolism rate(MO_2) and the limiting oxygen saturation(LOS) of three salmonids with four different body weights ranging from 16 g to 131 g. The CTMax was estimated at three different heating rates including 0.5℃ min^(-1), 1℃ h^(-1) and 2℃ d^(-1). Results showed that the CTMax of maple trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss) was the highest, which was followed by steelhead trout(O. mykiss) and Atlantic salmon(Salmon salar). The CTMax of the salmonid fish decreased with the increment of body weight, and was significantly influenced by the heating rate. The MO_2 of the salmonid fish increased with the increment of temperature, and decreased with the increment of body weight. Suffocation points of the fish decreased with increasing body weight and temperature. Steelhead trout was more tolerant to hypoxia than maple trout and Atlantic salmon, while the MO_2 of Atlantic salmon was the highest among these three salmonids. The LOS of the fish generally had a positive trend with temperature and body weight, and the LOS of steelhead trout was significantly lower than that of maple trout and Atlantic salmon. In conclusion, maple trout was the most tolerant kind to high temperature, while steelhead trout was the most tolerant to hypoxia among three kinds of salmonids. Moreover, the abilities to tolerate higher temperature of three salmonids were affected by their body weight and the heating rate, while the abilities to tolerate hypoxia were influenced by their body weight and the water temperature.

关键词： critical thermal maximum limiting oxygen saturation routine metabolism rate Salmonidae suffocation point

Relationship Between Shell Color and Growth and Survival Traits in the Pacific Oyster Crassostrea gigas

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Journal of Ocean University of china 2021年第4期20卷 985-991页

作者： HAN Ziqiang LI Qi Key laboratory of mariculture Ministry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266237China

Shell color is regarded as an economic trait in many breeding programs of bivalve mollusks,but the relationship between shell color and production traits remains *** our breeding program of Crassostrea gigas,solid white,black,and orange shell lines were obtained,and second-generation(F2)and testcross families with segregating shell colors were constructed by crossing these three *** segregating families provided ideal samples for investigating the relationship between shell color and production traits in *** growth and survival of 7-month-old oysters with different shell colors sampled within the same families were compared in seven F2 families and 13 *** addition,the growth and survival of oysters from the three shell color lines were compared at 4 and 16 months of *** growth and survival rates of the orange shell line were significantly lower than those of the white and black shell ***,no significant difference in growth between oysters with different shell colors was observed within segregating families,except the testcrosses produced by crossing orange-and white-shelled grandparents,and no significant difference in survival was observed in any ***,no significant correlation was observed between shell color and production traits in *** results suggest that shell color cannot be used as a marker to guide the selection of growth and survival *** shell color and production traits should be selected independently in oyster breeding programs.

关键词： Crassostrea gigas shell color growth survival relationship

Mass Selection for Growth Improvement in Black Shell Line of Pacific Oyster Crassostrea gigas

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Journal of Ocean University of china 2019年第6期18卷 1411-1416页

作者： XU Chengxun LI Qi CHONG Jindou LIU Shikai KONG Lingfeng Key laboratory of mariculture of Ministry of Education Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266237China

The Pacific oyster,Crassostrea gigas,naturally distributing along the coast of northwest Pacific,is one of the most important bivalve species due to its high economic value and *** china,we have initiated a selective breeding program on both shell color and growth rate of *** since 2010.A black shell line was obtained through four-generation family *** this study,mass selection for growth improvement was conducted in the sixth generation and seventh generation of black shell *** assess the progress of potential genetic improvement,the progeny of two generations of black shell lines were selected to evaluate their shell heights via a 450-day farming *** the results,after growing for 450 days,the sixth generation and seventh generation of selected lines were 9.03% and 11.42% larger than the control lines,*** the grow-out stage,the genetic gain of two generations was 8.82%±0.18% and 11.54%±0.43%,respectively;and the corresponding realized heritability was 0.45±0.04 and 0.41±0.04,*** results indicated that the mass selection for shell height achieved steady progress in the two generations of ***.

关键词： Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas mass selection black shell line genetic gain realized heritability

Productive Traits and Triploid Rate Stability in Triploidy-Induced ‘Haida No. 2’ Strain of the Pacific Oyster, Crassostrea gigas

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Journal of Ocean University of china 2023年第1期22卷 229-234页

作者： LI Yongguo LI Qi LIU Ye XU Chengxun Key laboratory of mariculture Ministry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266237China

In order to evaluate the effects of triploidy induction on a selected strain‘Haida No.2’of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas,which is characterized with golden shell color and high growth rate,the growth,survival rate and stability of triploid rate were analyzed at different development stages in the present *** different conditions inhibiting the release of polar body Ⅱ or polar body Ⅰ were tested:(A)Cytochalasin-B(CB),0.5mg L^(−1) at 10min post-insemination for 15 min;(B)CB,0.5mg L^(−1)at 15 min postinsemination for 20 min;and(C)CB,0.7mg L^(−1),at 15 min post-insemination for 20 *** triploidy induction treatments significantly reduced the D-larvae and survival rates at the larvae stage but not at the juvenile and adult *** rate dramatically decreased at the larval stage and did not significantly change at the juvenile and adult *** the stability of the triploid rate,there was a significant difference between the three treatment *** from the treatment A and control groups exhibited higher growth rates in shell height than those from the other two treatment groups at day *** juveniles and adults from the treatment A group exhibited a higher wet weight than diploids from the control group and triploids from the other treatment *** induction did not affect the shell color of the *** results obtained in the study demonstrate that triploidy induction has the potential to be used to increase the production of *** variety‘Haida No.2’without modifying its golden shell color.

关键词： Crassostrea gigas selective strain triploidy induction survival growth triploid rate stability

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