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Micro-strain regulation strategy to stabilize perovskite lattice based on the categories and impact of strain on perovskite solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 578-604页

作者： Caixia Li Wenwu Liu Shiji Da Lingbin Kong Fen Ran State Key Laboratory of Advanced processing and Recycling of nonferrous metals Lanzhou University of Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Lanzhou University of Technology

Photovoltaic metal halide perovskite solar cells(PSCs) convert light to electricity more efficiently than crystalline silicon cells, and the cost of materials used to make them is lower than that of silicon *** efficiency is not a core issue affecting the application of perovskite solar cells in special *** present, stability is the major technical encounters that hinders its further commercial development. Microstrain in PSCs is currently a significant factor responsible for the device's instability. Strain-induced ion migration is widely believed to accelerate perovskite degradation even when external stimuli are ***, it is imperative to study strain to enhance the stability of PSCs. This paper reviews recent developments to understand strain's origin and effect mechanisms on performance of PSCs, including ion migration,failure behavior, defect formation, and its effect on photoelectric properties, stability, and ***, several well-known strain management strategies are systematically introduced based on the strain effect mechanism and strain engineering on the film, providing more clues for further preparation with increased stability. The manipulation of external physical strain applied from films to entire devices has been extensively studied. Furthermore, recommendations for future research directions and chemical approaches have been provided. It is emphasized that strain engineering plays a crucial role in improving the efficiency and longevity of PSCs. Tensile strain causes rapid degradation, while moderate compressive strain and external strain control could improve properties and stability. Efforts should focus on controlling compressive strain to mitigate residual tensile strain and introducing it in a controlled manner. Future research endeavors may focus on exploring these pathways to improve the efficiency and lifespan of PSCs.

关键词： Halide perovskite solar cells Strain origins Strain effects Strain management

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Enhanced rate capability and cycle stability of Ti2C MXene for sodium storage through an aniline molecules welding strategy

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Tungsten 2025年第1期7卷 161-171页

作者： Hao Chen Ya-Qin Wang Dong-Ting Zhang Bei Zhao Min-Peng Li Chen-Yang Li Tian-Peng Xu Mao-Cheng Liu State Key Laboratory of Advanced processing and Recycling of Non-Ferrous metals Lanzhou University of Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Lanzhou University of Technology School of Computer and Communication technology Lanzhou University of Technology

MXenes obtained significant attention in the field of energy storage devices due to their characteristic layered structure,modifiable surface functional groups,large electrochemically active surface,and regulable interlayer ***,the self-restacking and sluggish ions diffusion kinetics performance of MXenes during the alkali metal ions insertion/extraction process severely impedes their cycle stability and rate *** paper proposes an aniline molecule welding strategy for welding p-phenylenediamine（PPDA） into the interlayers of Ti2C through a dehydration condensation *** welded PPDA molecules can contribute pillar effect to the layered structure of *** pillar effect effectively maintains the structural stability during the sodium ions insertion/extraction process and effectively expands the interlayer spacing of Ti2C from 1.16 to 1.38 nm,thereby enhancing ions diffusion kinetics performance and improving the long-term cycle *** Ti2C-PPDA demonstrates outstanding Na+storage capability,exhibiting a specific capacity of 100.2 mAh·g-1at a current density of 0.1 A·g-1over 960 cycles and delivering a remarkable rate capability 81.2 mAh·g-1at a current density of 5 A·*** study demonstrates that expanding interlayer spacing is a promising strategy to enhance the Na+storage capacity and improve long-term cycling stability,which provides significant guidance for the design of two-dimensional Na+storage materials with high-rate capability and cycle stability.

关键词： Diffusion kinetics Expanding interlayer spacing Rate capability Sodium ions storage Ti2C

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Lightweight Al-Nb-Ti-V-Cr high entropy alloys with high hardness and enhanced mechanical properties via doping Co

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china Foundry 2025年

作者： Fang-dong Xu De-zhi Chen Rui-run Chen Bin Gan Jing-yue Yu National Key Laboratory for Precision Hot processing of metals Harbin Institute of Technology Suzhou Laboratory

To develop high-hardness and high-strength lightweight high entropy alloys （LHEAs）,a series of CoxAlNbTiVCr alloys were *** phase constitution,distribution,and crystal structure of the Laves phase in alloys can be altered by adjusting the composition of HEAs,which in turn influences their mechanical *** Nb Ti VCr （x=0,0.5,1,1.5,and 2,atomic ratio percentage） LHEAs were designed and prepared to characterize the microstructure and tailor the mechanical *** introduction of Co changes the microstructure of LHEAs from a single B2 structure to a mixture dendrite structure,which consists of B2 phase,C14 and C15 Laves *** the C14 and C15 Laves phases exhibit coupled *** parameters including mixing enthalpy (ΔHmix),valence electron concentration （VEC）,atomic radius size （δ）,mixing entropy （ΔS）,and electronegativity difference （Δχ） are used to predict the formation of B2 and Laves phase in *** the Co content increases from 0 to 1.5at.%,Laves phase volume fraction gradually increases,which leads to an enhancement in the compressive strength from 1,520.8 MPa to 1,844.4 ***1.5Al Nb Ti VCr alloy exhibits the maximum Vickers hardness of 699.4 *** improvement of mechanical properties mainly originates from solid solution strengthening and second phase strengthening.

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Microstructure and properties of Cu-2.8Ni-0.6Si alloy

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Rare metals 2013年第3期32卷 228-233页

作者： Xiang-Peng Xiao Bai-Qing Xiong Guo-Jie Huang Lei Cheng Li-Jun Peng Qi-Ming Liang State Key Laboratory for Fabrication and processing of nonferrous metals General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals china nonferrous metals processing technology Albetter Albronze Co. Ltd.

The phase transformation behavior and heat treatment response of Cu-2.8Ni-0.6Si （wt%） alloy sub- jected to different heat treatments were studied by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy observation, and measurement of hardness and electrical conductivity. The variation of hardness and electrical conductivity of the alloy was measured as a function of aging time. On aging at the temperature below TR （500-550 ℃） in Cu-2.8Ni-0.6Si alloy, the transformation undergoes spinodal decomposi- tion, DO22 ordering, and δ-NiaSi phase. On aging at the temperature above TR （500-550 ℃）, the transformation products were precipitations of 8-Ni2Si. The free energy versus composition curves were employed to explain the microstructure observations.

关键词： Microstructure Hardness Electricalconductivity Spinodal decomposition DO22 ordering

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Nucleation mechanisms of dynamic recrystallization in Inconel 625 superalloy deformed with different strain rates

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Rare metals 2012年第3期31卷 215-220页

作者： Guo, Qingmiao Li, Defu Peng, Haijian Guo, Shengli Hu, Jie Du, Peng nonferrous metals processing Division General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals Beijing 100088 China

The effects of strain rates on the hot working characteristics and nucleation mechanisms of dynamic recrystallization (DRX) were studied by optical microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) technique. Hot compression tests were conducted using a Gleeble-1500 simulator at a true strain of 0.7 in the temperature range of 1000 to 1150 °C and strain rate range of 0.01 to 10.00 s?1. It is found that the size and volume fraction of the DRX grains in hot-deformed Inconel 625 superalloy firstly decrease and then increase with increasing strain rate. Meanwhile, the nucleation mechanism of DRX is closely related to the deformation strain rate due to the deformation thermal effect. The discontinuous DRX (DDRX) with bulging of original grain boundaries is the primary nucleation mechanism of DRX, while the continuous DRX (CDRX) with progressive subgrain rotation acts as a secondary nucleation mechanism. The twinning formation can activate the nucleation of DRX. The effects of bulging of original grain boundaries and twinning formation are firstly gradually weakened and then strengthened with the increasing strain rate due to the deformation thermal effect. On the contrary, the effect of subgrain rotation is firstly gradually strengthened and then weakened with the increasing strain rate.

关键词： nucleation mechanisms dynamic recrystallization Inconel 625 superalloy deformation strain rate

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Microstructure and thermal conductivity of copper matrix composites reinforced with mixtures of diamond and SiC particles

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Rare metals 2012年第1期31卷 58-63页

作者： Han, Yuanyuan Guo, Hong Yin, Fazhang Zhang, Ximin Chu, Ke Fan, Yeming nonferrous metals processing Division General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals Beijing 100088 China

The thermal conductivity of diamond hybrid SiC/Cu,diamond/Cu and SiC/Cu composite were calculated by using the extended differential effective medium (DEM) theoretical model in this *** effects of the particle volume fraction,the particle size and the volume ratio of the diamond particles to the total particles on the thermal conductivity of the composite were *** DEM theoretical calculation results show that,for the diamond hybrid SiC/Cu composite,when the particle volume fraction is above 46% and the volume ratio of the diamond particles to the SiC particles is above 13:12,the thermal conductivity of the composite can reach 500 W·m-1·*** thermal conduc-tivity of the composite has little change when the particle size is above 200μ*** experimental results show that Ti can improve the wettability of the SiC and *** thermal conductivity of the diamond hybrid SiCTi/Cu is almost two times better than that of the diamond hybrid SiC/*** is feasible to predict the thermal conductivity of the composite by DEM theoretical model.

关键词： diamond hybrid SiC/Cu composite microstructure thermal conductivity differential effective medium

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Effect of minor RE addition on microstructures and mechanical properties of AZ31 magnesium alloy

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2006年第A3期16卷 1712-1715页

作者：钟皓闫蕴琪张慧翁文凭陈琦 Suzhou Institute for nonferrous metals processing technology Suzhou 215026China

AZ31 alloy with minor RE addition was investigated. The material was homogenized, hot-rolled and annealed. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffractometry were employed to characterize the microstnictures of AZ31 alloy with RE addition. And micro-hardness test was employed to measure mechanical properties of annealed material. The results show that minor RE addition (0.3% is mass fraction) has little effect on the grain size of as-cast AZ31 alloy, and only Mg17(Al,Zn)12 phase was found in the microstructure of as-cast AZ31RE alloy. The result of X-ray diffraction shows that supersaturation of alloying elements has little effect on the lattice parameters of theα-Mg in homogenized sample; but owing to RE solute with high melting point, AZ31RE alloy exhibits better heat resistance than AZ31 alloy.

关键词：稀土元素镁合金微观结构应变分析

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Effects of the two-step ageing treatment on the microstructure and properties of 7B04 alloy pre-stretched thick plates

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Rare metals 2007年第3期26卷 193-199页

作者： LI Zhihui XIONG Baiqing ZHANG Yong ＇an ZHU Baohong WANG Feng LIU Hongwei State Key Laboratory for Fabrication and processing of nonferrous metals General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals Beijing 100088 China

The effects of the two-step ageing parameters （temperature and time） on the mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of 7B04 （A1-Zn-Mg-Cu） pre-stretched thick plates were studied. The results reveal that the initial T1 ageing contributes a major increase of the tensile strength, and the 0.2% proof stress value reaches 482 MPa after ageing for 7 h at 115℃. Behavioral differences in the tensile properties of the alloy after the two-step ageing treatment were less with the first-step ageing at 115~C for different time periods （7, 14, and 21 h）. The effects of the second ageing parameters on the properties and microstructure of the 7B04 alloy were remarkable. TEM analysis of the samples aged at Temper I （7 h at 115℃ ＋ 12 h at 160℃） and Temper II （7 h at 115℃ ＋ 16 h at 165℃） indicates that two kinds of phases, i.e. 11＇ and 11 phases, precipitate from the matrix and efficiently improve the tensile strength of the alloy, and the grain boundary precipitates are coarse and discrete. There are obvious precipitate free zones （PFZs） along the grain boundary in the microstructure of the alloy after the two-step ageing treatment.

关键词： 7B04 alloy two-step ageing mechanical properties electrical conductivity microstructure

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Study on improvement of conductivity of Cu-Cr-Zr alloys

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Rare metals 2007年第2期26卷 124-130页

作者： LI Huaqing XIE Shuisheng WU Pengyue MI Xujun General Research Institute for nonferrous metals State Key Laboratory for Fabrication and Processing of Nonferrous Metals Beijing 100088 China

The influence of alloying, heat treatment, and plastic working on the performance of Cu-Cr-Zr alloys was investigated. The precipitated phases were characterized as Cr, Cu51Zr14 and Cu5Zr. Cu-Cr-Zr alloys demonstrate combination properties of high strength and high conductivity after solution treatment, aging treatment, and plastic deformation. Precipitation course of Cr is the main factor that influences the conductivity of Cu-Cr-Zr alloys, while adding Zr in the alloys adjusts the orientation relationship between Cr and matrix, and tends to increase the conductivity of aged Cu-Cr-Zr alloys after deformation.

关键词： Cu-Cr-Zr alloys electrical conductivity alloying heat treatment plastic deformation

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Effects of cooling rate on the fracture properties of TA15 ELI alloy plates

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Rare metals 2007年第1期26卷 33-38页

作者： LI Shikai XIONG Baiqing HUI Songxiao State Key Laboratory for Fabrication and processing of nonferrous metals General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals Beijing 100088 China

The effects of cooling rate on the mechanical properties and the fatigue crack growth behavior of TA15 ELI alloy plates with different microstructures were investigated at room temperature. The results indicate that the cooling rate （water quench, air cooling, and furnace cooling） has a pronounced influence on the mechanical properties and on the fatigue crack growth, especially for air cooling and furnace cooling. Optical microstructure observation and scanning electron microscopy of tensile fracture surfaces were performed to gain an insight into the mechanism of properties. The dependence of mechanical properties and fatigue crack growth behavior on the cooling rate can be attributed to the oc lamellae width and the colony size, which induce the change in slip length. The microstmcture produced by air cooling shows the best damage tolerance behavior when compared with water quench and furnace cooling.

关键词： heat treatment fatigue crack growth microstmcture TA15 ELI

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