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Source apportionment and suitability evaluation of seasonal VOCs contaminants in the soil around a typical refining-chemical integration park in china

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 651-663页

作者： Xu Zhao Jing Meng Qianqian Li Guijin Su Qifan Zhang Bin Shi Lingwen Dai Yong Yu Key Laboratory of environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and EcotoxicologyResearch Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Quality Control in environmental monitoring China National Environmental Monitoring CenterBeijing 100012China

Accurate source apportionment of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in soil nearby petrochemical industries prevailing globally,is critical for preventing pollution.However,in the process,seasonal effect on contamination pathways and accumulation of soil VOCs is often neglected.Herein,Yanshan Refining-Chemical Integration Park,including a carpet,refining,synthetic rubber,and two synthetic resin zones,was selected for traceability.Season variations resulted in a gradual decrease of 31 VOCs in soil from winter to summer.A method of dry deposition resistance model coupling partitioning coefficient model was created,revealing that dry deposition by gas phase was the primary pathway for VOCs to enter soil in winter and spring,with 100 times higher fux than by particle phase.Source profiles for five zones were built by gas sampling with distinct substance indicators screened,which were used for positive matrix factorization factors determination.Contributions of the five zones were 14.9%,20.8%,13.6%,22.1%,and 28.6%in winter and 33.4%,12.5%,10.7%,24.9%,and 18.5%in spring,respectively.The variation in the soil sorption capacity of VOCs causes inter-seasonal differences in contribution.The better correlation between dry deposition capacity and soil storage of VOCs made root mean square and mean absolute errors decrease averagely by 8.8%and 5.5%in winter compared to spring.This study provides new perspectives and methods for the source apportionment of soil VOCs contamination in industrial sites.

关键词： Dry deposition resistance model Positive matrix factorization model Partitioning coefficient model Contamination pathway Source profile

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Characterization of Fe-containing particles in Chengdu,southwest china,using single-particle aerosol mass spectrometry

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 110-120页

作者： Renjiang He Junke Zhang Luyao Chen Wei Zhang Yingwei Xi School of Public Health Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhou 646000China Faculty of Geosciences and environmental Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 611756China Sichuan environmental monitoring center Chengdu 610074China

Single-particle aerosol mass spectrometry was used to study the characteristics of Fecontaining particles during winter in Chengdu,southwest china.The mass concentrations of PM_(2.5)and PM_(10)during the study period were 64±38 and 89±49μg/m~3,respectively,and NO_(2)and particulate matter were high compared with most other regions of china.The Fecontaining particles were divided into seven categories with different mass spectra,sources and aging characteristics.The highest contribution was from Fe mixed with carbonaceous components(Fe-C,23.1%)particles.Fe was more mixed with sulfate than nitrate and therefore the contribution of Fe mixed with sulfate(Fe-S,20.7%)particles was higher than that of Fe mixed with nitrate(Fe-N,12.5%)particles.The contributions from Fe-containing particles related to primary combustion were high in the small particle size range,whereas aged Fecontaining particles and dust-related particles were mostly found in the coarse particle size range.The air masses mainly originated from the west and east of Chengdu,and the corresponding PM_(2.5)concentrations were 79±36 and 55±36μg/m~3,respectively.The west and east air masses showed stronger contributions of Fe-containing particles related to biomass burning(Fe-B)and fossil fuel combustion(Fe-C and Fe-S)particles,respectively.The southwest area contributed the most Fe-containing particles.Future assessments of the effects of Fe-containing particles during heavy pollution period should pay more attention to Fe-C and Fe-S particles.Emission-reduction of Fe-containing particles should consider both local emissions and short-distance transmission from the surrounding areas.

关键词： Fe-containing particles Particle composition Potential source areas Evolution Chengdu

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Water-soluble brown carbon in atmospheric aerosols from the resource-dependent cities:Optical properties,chemical compositions and sources

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 74-87页

作者： Haoji Wang Yue Su Yangzheng Liu Fei Xie Xingjun Zhou Ruihong Yu Changwei Lü Jiang He School of Ecology and Environment Inner Mongolia UniversityHohhot 010021China Institute of environmental Geology Inner Mongolia UniversityHohhot 010021China environmental monitoring center of Inner Mongolia Hohhot 010011China

As a vital type of light-absorbing aerosol,brown carbon(BrC)presents inherent associations with atmospheric photochemistry and climate change.However,the understanding of the chemical and optical properties of BrC is limited,especially in some resource-dependent cities with long heating periods in northwest china.This study showed that the annual average abundances of Water-soluble BrC(WS-BrC)were 9.33±7.42 and 8.69±6.29μg/m^(3)in Baotou and Wuhai and the concentrations,absorption coefficient(Abs_(365)),and mass absorption efficiency(MAE365)of WS-BrC presented significant seasonal patterns,with high values in the heating season and low values in the non-heating season;while showing opposite seasonal trends for the Absorption Angstr?m exponent(AAE_(300-400)).Comparatively,the levels of WS-BrC in developing regions(such as cities in Asia)were higher than those in developed regions(such as cities in Europe and Australia),indicating the significant differences in energy consumption in these regions.By combining fluorescence excitation-emission matrix(EEM)spectra with the parallel factor(PARAFAC)model,humic-like(C1 and C2)and proteinlike(C3)substances were identified,and accounted for 61.40%±4.66%and 38.6%±3.78%at Baotou,and 60.33%±6.29%and 39.67%±4.17%at Wuhai,respectively.The results of source apportionment suggested that the potential source regions of WS-BrC varied in heating vs.non-heating seasons and that the properties of WS-BrC significantly depended on primary emissions(e.g.,combustion emissions)and secondary formation.

关键词： Water-soluble brown carbon Atmospheric aerosols Optical properties PARAFAC Source apportionment

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Real-time,single-particle chemical composition,volatility and mixing state measurements of urban aerosol particles in southwest china

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 361-371页

作者： Luyao Chen Junke Zhang Jiaqi Li Xiaojuan Huang Yuzheng Xiang Jing Chen Tingru Pan Wei Zhang Faculty of Geosciences and environmental Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 611756China School of Atmospheric Sciences Chengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu 610225China Sichuan environmental monitoring center Chengdu 610074China

To investigate the volatility of atmospheric particulates and the evolution of other particulate properties(chemical composition,particle size distribution and mixing state)with temperature,a thermodenuder coupled with a single particle aerosol mass spectrometer was used to conduct continuous observations of atmospheric fine particles in Chengdu,southwest china.Because of their complex sources and secondary reaction processes,the average mass spectra of single particles contained a variety of chemical components(including organic,inorganic and metal species).When the temperature rose from room temperature to280℃,the relative areas of volatile and semi-volatile components decreased,while the relative areas of less or non-volatile components increased.Most(>80%)nitrate and sulfate existed in the form of NH_(4)NO_(3)and(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4),and their volatilization temperatures were50–100℃and 150–280℃,respectively.The contribution of biomass burning(BB)and vehicle emission(VE)particles increased significantly at 280℃,which emphasized the important role of regional biomass burning and local motor vehicle emissions to the core of particles.With the increase in temperature,the particle size of the particles coated with volatile or semi-volatile components was reduced,and their mixing with secondary inorganic components was significantly weakened.The formation of K-nitrate(KNO_(3))and K-sulfate(KSO_(4))particles was dominated by liquid-phase processes and photochemical reactions,respectively.Reducing KNO_(3)and BB particles is the key to improving visibility.These new results are helpful towards better understanding the initial sources,pollution formation mechanisms and climatic effects of fine particulate matter in this megacity in southwest china.

关键词： Atmospheric fine particles TD-SPAMS Chemical composition Volatility Mixing state

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Characteristics and source apportionment of ambient volatile organic compounds and ozone generation sensitivity in urban Jiaozuo,china

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 607-625页

作者： Pengzhao Li Chun Chen Dan Liu Jie Lian Wei Li Chuanyi Fan Liangyu Yan Yue Gao Miao Wang Hang Liu Xiaole Pan Jing Mao State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon and environmental Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Henan Key Laboratory of environmental monitoring Technology Henan Ecological Environment Monitoring and Safety CenterZhengzhou 450046China Jiaozuo Ecological Environment monitoring center of Henan Province Jiaozuo 454003China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

In recent years,many cities have taken measures to reduce volatile organic compounds(VOCs),an important precursor of ozone(O_(3)),to alleviate O_(3) pollution in china.116 VOC species were measured by online and offline methods in the urban area of Jiaozuo from May to October in 2021 to analyze the compositional characteristics.VOC sources were analyzed by a positive matrix factorization(PMF)model,and the sensitivity of ozone generation was determined by ozone isopleth plotting research(OZIPR)simulation.The results showed that the average volume concentration of total VOCs was 30.54 ppbv and showed a bimodal feature due to the rush-hour traffic in the morning and at nightfall.The most dominant VOC groups were oxygenated VOCs(OVOCs,29.3%)and alkanes(26.7%),and the most abundant VOC species were acetone and acetylene.However,based on the maximum incremental reactivity(MIR)method,the major VOC groups in terms of ozone formation potential(OFP)contribution were OVOCs(68.09μg/m^(3),31.5%),aromatics(62.90μg/m^(3),29.1%)and alkene/alkynes(54.90μg/m^(3),25.4%).This indicates that the control of OVOCs,aromatics and alkene/alkynes should take priority.Five sources of VOCs were quantified by PMF,including fixed sources of fossil fuel combustion(27.8%),industrial processes(25.9%),vehicle exhaust(19.7%),natural and secondary formation(13.9%)and solvent usage(12.7%).The empirical kinetic modeling approach(EKMA)curve obtained by OZIPR on O_(3) exceedance days indicated that the O_(3) sensitivity varied in different months.The results provide theoretical support for O_(3) pollution prevention and control in Jiaozuo.

关键词： Volatile organic compounds(VOCs) Online and offline measurement Ozone formation potential(OFP) Positive matrix factorization(PMF) Ozone isopleth plotting research(OZIPR) Jiaozuo

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Eutrophication of Jiangsu Coastal Water and Its Role in the Formation of Green Tide

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Journal of Ocean University of china 2024年第1期23卷 109-118页

作者： XIAO Mingyan SONG Weina ZHANG Haibo SHI Xiaoyong SU Rongguo Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology Ministry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China national Marine environmental monitoring center Dalian 116000China national Marine Hazard Mitigation Service Beijing 100194China

Since 2007,the large-scale green tide caused by Ulva prolifera(U.prolifera)have occurred as a recurrent phenomenon in the southern Yellow Sea of china.Field surveys and satellite remote sensing showed that the small scattered patches of green tide algae were first observed along the Porphyra agriculture area of the Subei Shoal in late April.In this study,we attempted to identify the role of eutrophication in the origin of the green tide in the Subei Shoal and its adjacent area.Subei Shoal and its adjacent area are characterized by rich nutrients,especially NO_(3)^(-)-N,NH_(4)^(+)-N,PO_(4)^(3-)-P,and other bioavailable components(such as urea-N and amino acids).In the spring of 2017,the average concentrations of NO_(3)^(-)-N were 19.01±11.01μmolL^(-1),accounting for 86.68%of the dis-solved inorganic nitrogen(DIN).In addition,the average concentration of NH4^(+)-N was 2.51±1.60μmolL^(-1).PO_(4)^(3-)-P had an average concentration of 0.14±0.13μmolL-1.The average concentrations of urea-N and total hydrolyzed amino acids(THAA)were 1.73±1.36μmolL^(-1)and 1.33±0.80μmolL^(-1),respectively.Rich nutritive substances play a key role in the rapid production of U.prolifera and make the Jiangsu coastal water an incubator for green tide.

关键词： green tide nutrients algae Ulva prolifera eutrophication Subei Shoal

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Migration mechanism and risk assessment of perand polyfluoroalkyl substances in the Ya'Er Lake oxidation pond area,china

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 301-312页

作者： Chang Li Huifang Zhong Jing Wu Lingyi Meng Yingjun Wang Chunyang Liao Yawei Wang Yujian He University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Research center for Eco-environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China china national environmental monitoring Centre Beijing 100012China Hubei Key Laboratory of environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances Institute of Environment and HealthJianghan UniversityWuhan 430056China

The migration mechanisms,sources,and environmental risks of 29 legacy and emerging perfluorinated and polyfluoroalkyl species present in an oxidation pond(Ya'Er Lake)were investigated for treating sewage based on the analysis of their occurrence and distribution.The concentration of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)in pond area was between0.30 and 63.2 ng/g dw(dry weight),with the overall average concentration of 8.00 ng/g dw.Notably,the PFAS concentrations in the surface sediments near the sewage outlet in Pond-1(50.2 ng/g dw)and Pond-5(average 15.1 ng/g dw)were 1–2 orders of magnitude higher than those in other areas.In general,the legacy PFAS,i.e.,perfluorooctane sulfonic acid was considered to be the major pollutant in the polluted area,on average,accounting for 73.0%of the total concentration of PFAS pollutants.By evaluating the regional distribution of different PFAS homologs,the short-chain PFAS pollutants with lower K_(ow)were found to migrate farther in both horizontal and vertical directions.The sewage outlets in Pond-1 and Pond-5are the main pollution sources in polluted area and the emerging PFAS pollutants in Pond-5have replaced the legacy PFAS pollutants as the main pollutants.Based on positive matrix factorization analysis,three main industrial sources of PFAS pollutants in the study area were identified:protective coating,fire-fighting,and food packaging sources.Moreover,the environmental risk assessment results showed that most study areas exhibited medium environmental risk(0.01≤Risk quotient(RQ)<1),indicating that the ecological environment risks in this area need further attention.

关键词： Perfluoroalkyl substances Distribution Migration mechanism Risk assessment

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Phenology of different types of vegetation and their response to climate change in the Qilian Mountains,china

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第2期21卷 511-525页

作者： ZHAO Kaixin LI Xuemei ZHANG Zhengrong LIU Xinyu Faculty of Geomatics Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou 730070China national-Local Joint Engineering Research center of Technologies and Applications for national Geographic State monitoring Lanzhou 730070China Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for national Geographic State monitoring Lanzhou 730070China

The Qilian Mountains(QM)possess a delicate vegetation ecosystem,amplifying the evident response of vegetation phenology to climate change.The relationship between changes in vegetation growth and climate remains complex.To this end,we used MODIS NDVI data to extract the phenological parameters of the vegetation including meadow(MDW),grassland(GSD),and alpine vegetation(ALV))in the QM from 2002 to 2021.Then,we employed path analysis to reveal the direct and indirect impacts of seasonal climate change on vegetation phenology.Additionally,we decomposed the vegetation phenology in a time series using the trigonometric seasonality,Box-Cox transformation,ARMA errors,and Trend Seasonal components model(TBATS).The findings showed a distinct pattern in the vegetation phenology of the QM,characterized by a progressive shift towards an earlier start of the growing season(SOS),a delayed end of the growing season(EOS),and an extended length of the growing season(LOS).The growth cycle of MDW,GSD,and ALV in the QM species is clearly defined.The SOS for MDW and GSD occurred earlier,mainly between late April and August,while the SOS for ALVs occurred between mid-May and mid-August,a one-month delay compared to the other vegetation.The EOS in MDW and GSD were concentrated between late August and April and early September and early January,respectively.Vegetation phenology exhibits distinct responses to seasonal temperature and precipitation patterns.The advancement and delay of SOS were mainly influenced by the direct effect of spring temperatures and precipitation,which affected 19.59%and 22.17%of the study area,respectively.The advancement and delay of EOS were mainly influenced by the direct effect of fall temperatures and precipitation,which affected 30.18%and 21.17%of the area,respectively.On the contrary,the direct effects of temperature and precipitation in summer and winter on vegetation phenology seem less noticeable and were mainly influenced by indirect effects.The indirect effect of winter precipitation is the main fac

关键词： Vegetation phenology Time series decomposition Path Analysis Climate change

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Variation characteristics of acid rain in Zhuzhou,Central china over the period 2011-2020

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 496-505页

作者： Jiahao Ren Liquan Zhu Xi Zhang Yuqian Luo Xuecai Zhong Bowen Li Yuwen Wang Kai Zhang State Key Laboratory of environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Zhuzhou Environment monitoring center Zhuzhou 412000China Faculty of environmental Engineering The University of Kitakyushu1–1 HibikinoWakamatsuKitakyushuFukuoka 808-0135Japan College of Natural Resources and Environment South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China

Zhuzhou was one of the most polluted cities in china with the serious acid rain.Due to the implementation of air pollution control measures from 2016 to 2018,the acid rain pollution in this city has reduced.In order to understand the recent situation,a comprehensive study on the acid rain was carried out from January 2011 to December 2020.The pH values during the study period varied from 3.3 to 7.5,with a volume-weighted mean value of 4.7.The predominant acidic components of the precipitation were SO_(4)^(2-)and NO_(3)^(-),accounting for 89.3% of the total anions.The ratio of non-sea-salt SO_(4)^(2-)to NO_(3)^(-)showed a decreasing trend,revealing that the pollution type of acid rain changed from sulfuric acid type to sulfuric acid and nitric acid compound type.The correlation analysis(p<0.05)showed that SO_(4)^(2-)was positively correlated with NH_(4)^(+),Ca^(2+),and Mg^(2+);hence,it predominated in precipitation as(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4),NH_(4)HSO_(4),CaSO_(4),and MgSO_(4).Significant positive correlation of Ca^(2+)with Mg^(2+)shows that they may originated mainly from crust.Significant positive correlation between SO_(4)^(2-)and F^(-)and Cl^(-)indicate that their source may be related to the non-ferrous metal smelting industry in Zhuzhou.Further correlation analysis shows that emissions from the non-ferrous metal smelting industry in the area have a large significant on SO_(4)^(2-)and F^(-)in precipitation,while Cl^(-)may still be emitted from other anthropogenic sources.

关键词： Acid rain pH Chemical composition Neutralization factor Correlation analysis

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A Brief of Cold Spell Warning Actions of the national Meteorological center of china Meteorological Administration

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china CDC weekly 2024年第5期6卷 88-91页

作者： Taiyuan Zhang Mengxue Zhang Qiutong Li Yu Lan Huafeng Meteorological Media Group of china Meteorological Administration(CMA) BeijingChina national Institute of environmental Health Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina The national Meteorological center of china Meteorological Administration(CMA) BeijingChina

The“Outline for High-Quality Development of Meteorology(2022-2035)”was published by the State Council of the People’s Republic of china in April 2022(1).This publication highlights the essential role of meteorological disaster warnings,particularly cold spell warnings,in preventing and mitigating disasters.The outline also sets forth stricter expectations for enhancing the overall capacity of society in terms of meteorological disaster preparedness and response.

关键词： disaster meteorological warning

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