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The SOLIDS 6G mobile Network Architecture:Driving Forces,Features,and Functional Topology

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Engineering 2022年第1期8卷 42-59页

作者： Guangyi Liu Na Li Juan Deng Yingying Wang Junshuai Sun Yuhong Huang China Mobile Research Institute Beijing 100053China

With the large-scale commercial launch of fifth generation(5G)mobile network,the development of new services and applications catering to the year 2030,along with the deep convergence of information,communication,and data technologies(ICDT),and the lessons and experiences from 5G practice will drive the evolution of the next generation of mobile networks.This article surveys the history and driving forces of the evolution of the mobile network architecture and proposes a logical function architecture for sixth generation(6G)mobile network.The proposed 6G network architecture is termed SOLIDS(related to the following basic features:soft,on-demand fulfillment,lite,native intelligence,digital twin,and native security),which can support self-generation,self-healing,self-evolution,and self-immunity without human involvement and address the primary issues in the legacy 5G network(e.g.,high cost,high power consumption,and highly complicated operation and maintenance),significantly well.

关键词： Sixth generation Network features Network architecture

Signal Clipping at Transmitter and Receiver of O-OFDM for VLC under Optical Power Constraint

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china Communications 2022年第6期19卷 154-168页

作者： Liang Xia Xiaoqian Wang Zhiwen Sun Zhitian Cheng Jing Jin Yifei Yuan Guangyi Liu Tao Jiang Yuhong Huang Future mobile Technology Lab China Mobile Research InstituteBeijing 100053China

Visible light communications(VLC)is considered as an effective supplement technology for next-generation(6G)communications due to its abundant spectrum,high power efficiency and easy deployment.Optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(O-OFDM)is a common technology to obtain further promotion.In this paper,two typical O-OFDM schemes direct current biased O-OFDM(DCO-OFDM)and asymmetrically clipped O-OFDM(ACO-OFDM)are analyzed in terms of signal clipping at both transmitter and receiver under the constraints of maximum optical power and non-negative optical power.And effective electrical SNR models after signal clipping are proposed and verified by link simulation.Then a noise cancellation scheme is proposed based on received signal clipping and is proved to bring a significant gain for ACO-OFDM.By system simulation,we find that under a certain optical power limitation,most users can achieve above 4 Gbps in indoor scenario when modulation bandwidth of the light emit diode(LED)or laser diode(LD)is 1 GHz.Therefore,it can be expected that the throughput could reach tens Gbps when the LED/LD modulation bandwidth is increased and multiple LEDs/LDs are deployed.

关键词： 6G visible light communications optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing clipping bit error rate throughput

A low-floor bit-mapping scheme for LDPC coded BICM for 5G and beyond systems

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Science china(Information Sciences) 2023年第10期66卷 263-277页

作者： Mingyang ZHU Ming JIANG Chunming ZHAO Lijie HU Xiaodong XU National mobile Communications research Laboratory Southeast University Purple Mountain Laboratories China Mobile Research Institute

This paper proposes a low-floor bit-mapping(LFBM) scheme for bit-interleaved coded modulation(BICM) systems to meet more stringent quality of service requirements of 5G and beyond. For highefficiency transmissions, we consider the 5G low-density parity-check codes with high-order 2m-quadrature amplitude modulations(QAMs). The proposed LFBM scheme overcomes plenty of trapping sets induced by the bit interleaver, which focuses on the waterfall performance too aggressively. When the high-order QAM is used, the row-column interleaver specified by the 5G standard is such a bit interleaver. The LFBM scheme only optimizes the rule of mapping an m-bit tuple output by the row-column interleaver to a modulation symbol, rather than the entire bit interleaver. Therefore, the optimized bit mapper is actually an m-bit permutation module concatenated with the original bit interleaver employed in the current 5G BICM systems.The simulation results confirm that the LFBM scheme can lower the error floor of the 5G BICM system by approximately two orders of magnitude, while with negligible performance loss in the waterfall region.

关键词： bit-interleaved coded modulation low-density parity-check codes error floors bit mapping high-order modulation

Challenges and Opportunities of Sub-6 GHz Integrated Sensing and Communications for 5G-Advanced and Beyond

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第2期33卷 323-325页

作者： Yuhong HUANG china mobile Communications Group Co. Ltd China Mobile Research Institute

The integrated sensing and communications(ISAC) technology has been perceived as a key feature of5G-Advanced and beyond mobile communication networks. Compared with sensing in millimeter-wave bands, sensing at sub-6 GHz band is an exceptional incentive to promote the industrialization process of ISAC due to its incomparable advantages in industrial development, especially for intelligent transportation and smart drone networks. This paper elaborates on the top challenges of sub-6 GHz ISAC technologies, as well as the potential solutions to improve the sensing capability.

关键词： 5G-Advanced and beyond Integrated sensing and communications Sub-6 GHz Intelligent transportation Smart drone networks

Micro-Service-Based Radio Access Network

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china Communications 2022年第3期19卷 1-15页

作者： Na Li Guangyi Liu Huimin Zhang Quan Zhao Yun Zhao Zhou Tong Yingying Wang Junshuai Sun Future research Lab China Mobile Research InstituteBeijing 100053China

The convergence of information,communication,and data technologies(ICDT)has been identified as one of the developing trends of the sixth generation(6G)network.Service-based architecture(SBA)as one of the promising information technology,has been preliminarily introduced into the fifth generation(5G)core network(CN)and successfully commercialized,which verifies its feasibility and effectiveness.However,SBA mainly focuses on the control plane of CN at present and the SBA-CN user plane is being studied by the industry.In addition to further evolving the SBA-CN,SBA radio access network(RAN)should also be considered to enable an end-toend SBA,so as to meet more comprehensive and extreme requirements of future applications,as well as support fast rollout requirements of RAN devices.

关键词： 6G micro-service SBA-RAN

Native intelligence for 6G mobile network: technical challenges,architecture and key features

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The Journal of china Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2022年第1期29卷 27-40页

作者： Liu Guangyi Deng Juan Zheng Qingbi Li Gang Sun Xin Huang Yuhong Future research Lab China Mobile Research InstituteBeijing 100032China

The application of the artificial intelligence(AI) technology in the 5 th generation mobile communication system(5 G) networks promotes the development of the mobile communication network and its application in vertical industries, however, the application models of "patching" and "plug-in" have hindered the effect of AI applications. Meanwhile, the application of AI in all walks of life puts forward requirements for new capabilities of the future network, such as distributed training, real-time collaborative inference, local data processing, etc., which require "native intelligence design" in future networks. This paper discusses the requirements of native intelligence in the 6 th generation mobile communication system(6 G) networks from the perspectives of 5 G intelligent network challenges and the "ubiquitous intelligence" vision of 6 G, and analyzes the technical challenges of the AI workflows in its lifecycle and the AI as a service(AIaaS) in cloud network. The progress and deficiencies of the current research on AI functional architecture in various industry organizations are summarized. The end-to-end functional architecture for native AI for 6 G network and its three key technical characteristics are proposed: quality of AI services(QoAIS) based AI service orchestration for its full lifecycle, deep integration of native AI computing and communication, and integration of native AI and digital twin network. The directions of future research are also prospected.

关键词： the 5th generation mobile communication system the 6th generation mobile communication system artificial intelligence native intelligence network intelligence network architecture mobile communication

6G mobile Network Requirements and Technical Feasibility Study

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china Communications 2022年第6期19卷 123-136页

作者： Yuhong Huang Jing Jin Mengting Lou Jing Dong Dan Wu Liang Xia Sen Wang Xiaozhou Zhang Future research Laboratory China Mobile Research InstituteBeijing 100053China

The sixth generation(6G)mobile network is envisaged to be commercially deployed around 2030,which will profoundly change people's lifestyles and accelerate the digitalization of society.To ensure that the requirements of 6G can be achieved,it is essential to establish a set of key performance indicators(KPIs).This paper comprehensively assesses the KPIs not only from the service requirements but also from the technical feasibility points of view.Specifically,theoretical derivations of KPIs have been clarified,and numerical evaluations have been conducted with reasonable technical assumptions.Evaluation results show that some KPIs defined from the service requirements can be improved through advanced technologies while some are still challenging for practical implementations,such as Tbps-level peak data rate and 0.1 ms user plane latency.In addition,it is also necessary to comply with multiple KPIs for some cases.Furthermore,based on the technical analysis,the potential enabling technologies are outlined and foreseeable implementation challenges as well as possible solutions are presented,which promotes a more reasonable design for 6G mobile network.

关键词： 6G key performance indicator(KPI) requirement technical feasibility visible light communication(VLC) reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS)

Slicing capacity-centered mode selection and resource optimization for network-assisted full-duplex cell-free distributed massive MIMO systems

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Science china(Information Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 203-220页

作者： Jie WANG Jiamin LI Pengcheng ZHU Dongming WANG Hongbiao ZHANG Yue HAO Bin SHENG National mobile Communications research Laboratory Southeast University 2. Purple Mountain Laboratories China Mobile Research Institute

Network-assisted full-duplex(NAFD) cell-free distributed massive multiple-input multipleoutput(MIMO) systems enable uplink(UL) and downlink(DL) communications within the same timefrequency resources,which potentially reduce latency by avoiding the overhead of switching UL/DL modes.However,how to choose UL/DL modes remains an important factor affecting system performance.With the dramatic increase in the number of users and access points(APs),massive access brings significant overhead in the mode selection.Additionally,the different quality of service(QoS) among users also makes the effective utilization of resources difficult.As one of the most promising technologies in sixth-generation(6G),network slicing enables the adaptive configuration of limited UL/DL resources through the resource isolation assisted NAFD technique.Therefore,we propose a slicing capacity-centered scheme.Under this scheme,APs are motivated by slicing requirements and associated slices to form different subsystems.Collaborative mode selection and resource allocation are performed within each subsystem to reduce overhead and improve resource utilization.To implement this scheme efficiently,a double-layer deep reinforcement learning(DRL)mechanism is used to realize the joint optimization of mode selection and resource allocation.Simulation results show that the slicing capacity-centered scheme can effectively improve resource utilization and reduce overhead.

关键词： network-assisted full-duplex network slicing mode selection resource optimization deep reinforcement learning

Full-spectrum cell-free RAN for 6G systems: system design and experimental results

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Science china(Information Sciences) 2023年第3期66卷 80-93页

作者： Dongming WANG Xiaohu YOU Yongming HUANG Wei XU Jiamin LI Pengcheng ZHU Yanxiang JIANG Yang CAO Xinjiang XIA Ziyang ZHANG Qingji JIANG Pan WANG Dongjie LIU Kang ZHENG Mengting LOU Jing JIN Qixing WANG Jiangzhou WANG National mobile Communications research Laboratory Southeast University Purple Mountain Laboratories China Mobile Research Institute School of Engineering University of Kent

With distributed transceivers and scalable cooperative transmission, cell-free massive multipleinput multiple-output(CF-m MIMO) technology eliminates the “cells” of traditional mobile communications,thereby significantly improving the performance of wireless networks. CF-m MIMO is considered as a major technical tool for achieving the key performance indicators of sixth generation(6G) mobile communication systems. In this paper, a scalable implementation architecture for CF-m MIMO is proposed, based on which potential key technologies such as channel information acquisition, transceiver design, dynamic user and access point association, and novel duplexing are introduced. Finally, based on low-cost commercial access points, a CF-m MIMO testbed with 64 transmit and receive antennas is developed, and the performance of the distributed receiver design is evaluated.

关键词： 6G scalable cell-free massive MIMO cell-free radio access network prototype system