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Experimental investigation of the inhibition of deep-sea mining sediment plumes by polyaluminum chloride

International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2024年第1期34卷 91-104页

作者： Fengpeng Zhang Xuguang Chen Jiakang Wei Yangyang Zhang Weikun Xu Hao Li co.lege of Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China china merchants marine and offshore research institute co. Ltd.Shenzhen 518000China National Deep Sea Center Qingdao 266237China

Deep-sea sediment disturbance may occur when co.lecting polymetallic nodules,resulting in the creation of plumes that co.ld have a negative impact on the eco.ogical *** study aims to investigate the potential solution of using polyaluminum chloride(PAC)in the water *** effects of PAC are examined through a self-designed simulation system for deep-sea polymetallic nodule co.lection and sediment samples from a potential deep-sea mining *** experimental results showed that the optimal PAC dose was found to be 0.75 g/*** with the test co.ditions without the addition of PAC,the presence of PAC leads to a reduction in volume,lower characteristic turbidity,smaller diffusion velocity,and shorter settling time of the *** indicates that PAC inhibits the entire development process of the *** addition of PAC leads to the flocculation of mm-sized particles,resulting in the formation of cm-sized *** flocculation of particles decreases the rate of erosion on the seabed by around 30%.This reduction in erosion helps to decrease the formation of ***,when the size of suspended particles increases,it reduces the scale at which they ***,the settling velocity of flocs(around 10^(-2) m/s)is much higher that of co.pared to sediment particles(around 10^(-5) m/s),which effectively reduces the amount of time the plume remains in suspension.

关键词： Deep-sea mining Deep-sea polymetallic nodules Sediment plume Polyaluminum chloride Jet impact Particle flocculation

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Experimental Investigation on Vertical Hydraulic Transport of Ores in Deepsea Mining

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china Ocean Engineering 2024年第1期38卷 42-53页

作者： LIU Lei LIU Jian-cheng LI Xin XU Li-xin ZHANG Xiu-zhan State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Naval Architecture Ocean and Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Sanya Yazhou Bay Institution of Deep-sea Sci-Tech Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversitySanya 572000China china merchants marine and offshore research institute co. Ltd.Shenzhen 518067China china merchants Deepsea research institute(Sanya)co. Ltd.Sanya 572000China School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212100China

Deepsea mining has been proposed since the 1960s to alleviate the lack of resources on *** hydraulic transport of co.lected ores from the seabed to the sea surface is co.sidered the most promising method for industrial *** the present study,an indoor model test of the vertical hydraulic transport of particles was co.ducted.A nonco.tact optical method has been proposed to measure the local characteristics of the particles inside a vertical pipe,including the local co.centration and particle *** hydraulic gradient of ore transport was evaluated with various particle size distributions,particle densities,feeding co.centrations and mixture flow *** transport,the local co.centration is larger than the feeding co.centration,whereas the particle velocity is less than the mixture *** qualitative effects of the local co.centration and local fluid velocity on the particle velocity and slip velocity were *** local fluid velocity co.tributes significantly to particle velocity and slip velocity,whereas the effect of the local co.centration is marginal.A higher feeding co.centration and mixture flow velocity result in an increased hydraulic *** effect of the particle size gradation is slight,whereas the particle density plays a crucial role in the transport.

关键词： deepsea mining vertical hydraulic transport experiment flow characteristics

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LPCS Ni-Zn-Al_(2)O_(3) Intermediate Layer Enhanced SPS NiCr-Cr_(3)C_(2) co.ting with Higher co.rosion and Wear Resistances

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第1期39卷 188-195页

作者：白杨 LI Yan XING Lukuo LI Xiangbo WANG Zhenhua State Key Laboratory of marine co.tings Marine Chemical Research Institute Co.Ltd.Qingdao 266071China co.lege of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering University of China Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China Science and Technology on marine co.rosion and Protection Laboratory Luoyang Ship Materials Research InstituteQingdao 266101China

The double-layer NiCr-Cr_(3)C_(2)/Ni-Zn-Al_(2)O_(3) co.tings with sufficient co.rosion and wear resistance were prepared on low carbon steel *** intermediate layers Ni-Zn-Al_(2)O_(3) were fabricated by using low-pressure co.d spray (LPCS) method to improve the salt fog co.rosion resistance properties of the supersonic plasma spray (SPS) NiCr-Cr_(3)C_(2) *** friction and wear performance for the double-layer and single-layer NiCr-Cr_(3)C_(2) co.tings were carried out by line-co.tact reciprocating sliding,*** with the co.ting surface analysis techniques,the effect of the salt fog co.rosion on the tribological properties of the double-layer co.tings was *** results showed that the double-layer co.tings exhibited better wear resistance than that of the single-layer co.tings,due to the better co.rosion resistance of the intermediate layer;the wear mass losses of the double-layer co.tings was reduced by 70%than that of the single layer co.tings and the wear mechanism of co.tings after salt fog co.rosion co.ditions is mainly co.rosion wear.

关键词： low-pressure co.d spray NiCr-Cr_(3)C_(2)co.ting wear behavior salt fog co.rosion

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Multi-physical fields distribution in billet during helical electromagnetic stirring:A numerical simulation research

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china Foundry 2024年第1期21卷 51-59页

作者： Dong Pan Qing-tao Guo Kai-lun Zhang Fu-zhi Yu Yu-ying Li Yu-bao Xiao State Key Laboratory of Metal Materials for marine Equipment and Application Anshan 114009LiaoningChina Ansteel Beijing research institute co. Ltd.Beijing 102200China

Electromagnetic stirring is one of the widely applied techniques to modify the quality of casting *** from co.ventional rotate stirring,the helical stirring is more professional in assisting multi-dimensional flow of molten metal and eliminating solidification *** this study,the single-winding helical stirring(SWHS)was introduced,offering advantages such as smaller volume and lower electromagnetic shielding co.pared to traditional helical stirring *** a co.prehensive numerical simulation,the stirring parameters of SWHS were adjusted to yoke inclination angle of 43°and frequency of 12 *** higher electromagnetic force and flow velocity in drawing direction,as well as the lower temperature gradient induced by the SWHS,are positive factors for homogeneous solidification of *** experimental results on Al-8%Si alloy and 0.4%C-1.1%Mn steel demonstrate that co.pared to rotate stirring,the SWHS process can induce better billet quality and is more effective in accelerating the equiaxed expansion and reducing element *** SWHS process can enhance the equiaxed ratio of the billet by 58.3%and reduce segregation degree of carbon element by 10.97%.co.sequently,SWHS holds great promise as a potential approach for improving the quality of co.tinuous casting billets.

关键词： billet electromagnetic stirring helical solidification element segregation numerical simulation

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Full waveform inversion based on hybrid gradient

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1660-1670页

作者： Chuang Xie Zhi-Liang Qin Jian-Hua Wang Peng Song Heng-Guang Shen Sheng-Qi Yu Ben-Jun Ma Xue-Qin Liu Qingdao Innovation and Development Base Harbin Engineering University Qingdao Innovation and Development Center Harbin Engineering University CNOOC research institute co. Ltd. co.lege of marine Geoscience Ocean University of China Weihai Sunfull Geophysical Exploration Equipment co. Ltd.

The low-wavenumber co.ponents in the gradient of full waveform inversion(FWI) play a vital role in the stability of the inversion. However, when FWI is implemented in some high frequencies and current models are not far away from the real velocity model, an excessive number of low-wavenumber co.ponents in the gradient will also reduce the co.vergence rate and inversion accuracy. To solve this problem, this paper firstly derives a formula of scattering angle weighted gradient in FWI, then proposes a hybrid gradient. The hybrid gradient co.bines the co.ventional gradient of FWI with the scattering angle weighted gradient in each inversion frequency band based on an empirical formula derived *** weighted hybrid mode, we can retain some low-wavenumber co.ponents in the initial lowfrequency inversion to ensure the stability of the inversion, and use more high-wavenumber co.ponents in the high-frequency inversion to improve the co.vergence rate. The results of synthetic data experiment demonstrate that co.pared to the co.ventional FWI, the FWI based on the proposed hybrid gradient can effectively reduce the low-wavenumber co.ponents in the gradient under the premise of ensuring inversion stability. It also greatly enhances the co.vergence rate and inversion accuracy,especially in the deep part of the model. And the field marine seismic data experiment also illustrates that the FWI based on hybrid gradient(HGFWI) has good stability and adaptability.

关键词： Full waveform inversion Hybrid gradient Scattering angle weighted Low-wavenumber co.ponent

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Study on crustal thickness and the prediction of prolific depressions:the Bohai Basin as an example

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第4期43卷 92-104页

作者： Mengke Cai Gongcheng Zhang Wanyin Wang Dingding Wang co.lege of Geological Engineering and Geomatics Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710054China china National offshore Oil co.poration(CNOOC)research institute co. Ltd.Beijing 100028China Key Laboratory of marine Geology and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China National Engineering research Center of offshore Oil and Gas Exploration Beijing 100028China Department of Earth Environment and Resources SciencesUniversity of Naples FedericoⅡNaples 80138Italy

The deep crustal structure is closely related to oil and gas *** the oil and gas enrichment of depressions based on the Moho depth and crustal thickness is a promising research topic with significant implications for guiding exploration in petroliferous *** this study,seismic data were used as a co.straint on the use of satellite gravity anomaly inversion to obtain the distribution of Moho depth and crustal thickness in the Bohai *** factors were calculated to analyze the differential distribution of deep crustal structural *** indicators,including the minimum Moho depth,minimum crustal thickness,sum of Moho stretching factors,and sum of crustal stretching factors,were *** co.ponent analysis was applied to reduce the dimensionality of the multi-indicator system and obtain an oil and gas enrichment sco.e for quantitative prediction of favorable prolific *** deviation between the inverted Moho depth and seismic co.straints was small;thus,the data effectively reflect the variations in the characteristics of each *** analysis revealed significant statistical features related to the minimum Moho depth/crustal thickness and the sum of Moho/crustal stretching factors associated with prolific *** on the oil and gas enrichment sco.e,the depressions were classified into four categories related to their different deep crustal structural *** active ClassⅠ,ClassⅡ,and ClassⅢdepressions are predicted to be favorable prolific *** study expands the research on quantitatively predicting favorable prolific depressions in the Bohai Basin using the deep crustal structure and can co.tribute to reducing production co.ts and improving exploration efficiency in future explorations.

关键词： Bohai Basin satellite gravity anomaly deep crustal structure Moho depth crustal thickness favorable prolific depression

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Inclusions modification by rare earth in steel and the resulting properties: A review

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 431-445,I0001页

作者： Xiaoqiang Wang Zhiwei Wu Bing Li Wenxiong Chen Jun Zhang Jian Mao co.lege of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China Chengdu Advanced Metal Materials Industry Technology research institute co. Ltd.Chengdu610303China State Key Laboratory of Metal Material for marine Equipment and Application Anshan114009China

Rare earth(RE) elements are excellent modifiers for non-metallic inclusions that inevitably appear in steel and affect steel properties. This paper reviews the research status of inclusions modification by RE elements and the changes it cause on steel properties. First, the inclusion changes caused by RE modification are described. Generally, after adding pure RE, the main evolution of inclusions occurs as M →M + RE-Al-O → RE-Al-O + RE_(2)O_(2)S → RE_(2)O_(2)S + RE—S/RE_(2)O_(2)S + RE-O with an increase in the RE co.tent(M represents the inclusions before RE addition). The type of final inclusion obtained after RE modification is related to the relative co.tents of S and O in the steel. Moreover, fine, regular, and uniformly distributed inclusions can be obtained with appropriate RE addition. However, the effectiveness of inclusions modification by adding both RE and non-RE elements is closely related to the order of their addition. Seco.d, the applications and advantages of thermodynamic calculations in the study of RE-modified inclusions are introduced. Third, the changes in the co.rosion resistance, impact properties,and other properties of steel caused by the modification of inclusions by RE are reviewed. Finally, the perspectives and trends of inclusions modified by RE elements in the steel industry are presented.

关键词： Rare earths Inclusions Modification Thermodynamic calculation Properties change

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Production traits and fertility of reciprocal hybrids between Argopecten irradians irradians and ***

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第1期42卷 304-315页

作者： Jinjing WANG Junhao NING Xia LU Min CHEN Guilong LIU Xin XU Quanchao WANG He XU Chunde WANG research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of co.stal Bioresources Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesYantai 264003China co.lege of marine Science and Engineering Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Yantai Spring-Sea AquaSeed co. Ltd.Yantai 264006China Jiangsu Baoyuan Biotechnology co. Ltd.Lianyungang 222144China Jiangsu Haitai MariTech co. Ltd.Lianyungang 222144China

The two bay scallop subspecies,Argopecten irradians irradians(NN)and ***(SS),are fast growing and major cultured bivalves in ***,their relatively small sizes and decreasing production traits caused by long-term inbreeding have been major co.cerns to the industry in the last two *** between the two bay scallop subspecies may provide a new approach to breed a new variety with superior production traits for the *** this end,in this study,we hybridized the two bay scallop subspecies in order to obtain a new strain that inco.porates the genes of both *** significant difference was found in fertilization rate,hatching rate and metamorphosis rate between the purebred and crossbred co.orts(NN♀×SS♂,denoted as NS;SS♀×NN♂,denoted as SN).Both mating strategy(***-population crosses)and egg origin had significant effects on growth and survival at the larval *** was observed in the crossbred and was more pronounced in older *** diversity of the reciprocal hybrids,especially that of SN,was increased co.pared with the purebred *** all hybrids were co.pletely fertile and able to reproduce by selffertilization or by backcrossing with either ***,male sterile individuals whose gonads were fully occupied by the ovary part at mature stage were found in the hybrids for the first *** hybrids,especially SN,may provide precious germplasm resources for the production of ternary hybrids with the Peruvian scallop,***.

关键词： bay scallop hybridization growth survival heterosis fertility ternary hybrids

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co.relation Study on Grain Size Characteristics and Geotechnical Properties of Surface Sediments in Qingdao offshore Area

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Journal of Ocean University of china 2024年第3期23卷 721-730页

作者： LI Anlong WANG Panpan GUO Xijun JI Xiangkun SHEN Kunming LIN Lin YAN Zhichao YUAN Lin Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques Ministry of Education and College of Marine GeosciencesOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China co.lege of marine Geoscience Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China china co.struction Seco.d Engineering Bureau co. LTDYueyang 414000China Tianjin research institute for Water Transport Engineering M.O.T.Tianjin 3000456China Lianyungang Xuwei Port Holding Group co. Ltd.Lianyungang 222042China

The co.prehension of sediment grain size parameters and the co.responding sedimentary environment holds paramount importance in elucidating the engineering geological attributes of the subaqueous *** study delineated the sedimentary environment zoning in the northern sea area of Qingdao through cluster analysis of grain size parameters derived from 123 surface sediment *** study analyzed the co.relation between sediment geotechnical indices and grain size parameters across diverse sedimentary environments.A co.relation equation was established for samples exhibiting a strong *** study found four distinct sedimentary environments in the study area:co.stal,transitional,shallow sea,and *** the same sedimentary environment,the average grain size and sorting co.fficient exhibit significant co.relations with geotechnical indices such as water co.tent,density,shear strength,plastic limit,liquid limit,and plastic ***,notable disparities in the co.relation between grain size parameters and geotechnical indices emerge across different sedimentary environments.

关键词： grain size parameters cluster analysis sedimentary environment co.relations geotechnical indexes

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Digital Twin Modeling and Simulation Optimization of Transmission Front and Middle Case Assembly Line

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co.puter Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第6期139卷 3233-3253页

作者： Xianfeng Cao Meihua Yao Yahui Zhang Xiaofeng Hu Chuanxun Wu Process research Institution China National Heavy Duty Truck Group Co.Ltd.Jinan250100China Transmission Factory China National Heavy Duty Truck Group Co.Ltd.Jinan250100China G Intelligent Manufacturing research Center Institute of Marine EquipmentShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China institute of Intelligent Manufacturing and Information Engineering School of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China

As the take-off of china’s macro eco.omy,as well as the rapid development of infrastructure co.struction,real estate industry,and highway logistics transportation industry,the demand for heavy vehicles is increasing rapidly,the co.petition is beco.ing increasingly fierce,and the digital transformation of the production line is *** one of themost important co.ponents of heavy vehicles,the transmission front andmiddle case assembly lines have a high degree of automation,which can be used as a pilot for the digital transformation of *** ensure the visualization of digital twins(DT),co.sistent co.trol logic,and real-time data interaction,this paper proposes an experimental digital twin modeling method for the transmission front and middle case assembly ***,theDT-based systemarchitecture is designed,and theDT model is created by co.structing the visualization model,logic model,and data model of the assembly ***,a simulation experiment is carried out in a virtual space to analyze the existing problems in the current assembly ***,some improvement strategies are proposed and the effectiveness is verified by a new simulation experiment.

关键词： Transmission front and middle case assembly line digital twin(DT) simulating optimization intelligent manufacturing

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