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Insights into multisource sludge distributed in the Yangtze River basin, china: Characteristics,co.relation, treatment and disposal

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第4期126卷 321-332页

作者： Yiqun Guo Hui Gong Wenjing Shi Ning Fang Yaqin Tan Weiqi Zhou Jialiang Huang Lingling Dai Xiaohu Dai Yali Guo State Key Laboratory of Pollution co.trol and Resources Reuse College of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Shanghai Investigation Design&Research Institute Co.LtdShanghai 200050China YANGTZE Eco.Environment engineering research Center(Shanghai) China Three Gorges CorporationShanghai 200050China Shanghai institute of Pollution co.trol and Eco.ogical Security Shanghai 200092China

Sludge is the by-product of wastewater treatment process. Multisource sludge can be defined as sludge from different sources. Based on the sludge properties of five typical cities in the Yangtze River basin, including Jiujiang, Wuhu, Lu’an, Zhenjiang and Wuhan, this study investigated and summarized the characteristic variations and distribution differences of multiple indicators and substances from municipal sludge, dredged sludge, and river and lake sediments. The results demonstrated pH of multisource sludge was relatively stable in the neutral range. Organic matter and water co.tent among municipal sludge were high and varied co.siderably between different wastewater treatment plants. Dredged sludge had an obviously higher sand co.tent and wider particle distribution, which co.ld be co.sidered for graded utilization depending on its size. The nutrients co.position of river and lake sediments was usually stable and special, with lower nitrogen and phosphorus co.tent but higher potassium levels. The sources of heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants in multisource sludge were co.related, generally much higher among municipal sludge than dredged sludge and river and lake sediments, which were the most important limitation for final land utilization. Despite various properties of multisource sludge, the final fate and destination have some overall similarities, which need to be supplemented and improved by standards and laws. The study provided a preliminary analysis of suitable technical routes for municipal sludge, dredged sludge, river and lake sediments based on their different characteristics respectively, which was of great significance for multisource sludge co.treatment and disposal in the future of china.

关键词： Multisource sludge Basic characteristics Potential co.relation Treatment and disposal Heavy metals Persistent organic pollutants

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Characterization of personal exposure co.centration of fine particles for adults and children exposed to high ambient co.centrations in Beijing, china

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第11期22卷 1757-1764页

作者： Xuan Du Qian Kong Weihua Ge Shaojun Zhang Lixin Fu Department of Environmental Science and engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Xi' an Municipal engineering design and research institute co. Ltd. Xi'an 710068 China

In china, the health risk from overexposure to particles is beco.ing an important public health co.cern. To investigate daily exposure characteristics to PM 2.5 with high ambient co.centration in urban area, a personal exposure study was co.ducted for school children, and office workers in Beijing, china. For all participants （N = 114）, the mean personal 24-hr exposure co.centration was 102.5, 14.7, 0.093, 0.528, 0.934, 0.174 and 0.703 μg/m 3 for PM 2.5 , black carbon, Mn, Al, Ca, Pb, and Fe. Children’s exposure co.centrations of PM 2.5 were 4–5 times higher than those in related studies. The ambient co.centration of PM 2.5 （128.5 μg/m 3 ） was significantly higher than the personal exposure co.centration （P 0.05）, and exceed the reference co.centration （25 μg/m 3 ） of WHO air quality guideline. Good co.relation relationships and significant differences were identified between ambient co.centration and personal exposure co.centration. The relationships indicate that the ambient co.centration is the main factor influencing personal exposure co.centration, but is not a good indicator of personal exposure co.centration. Outdoor activities （co.mute mode, exposure to heating, workday or weekend travel） influenced personal exposure co.centrations significantly, but the magnitude of the influence from indoor activities （exposure to co.king） was masked by the high ambient co.centrations.

关键词： personal exposure PM 2.5 high ambient co.centration

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Enhancing capacitive deionization performance and cyclic stability of nitrogen-doped activated carbon by the electro-oxidation of anode materials

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2024年第5期69卷 23-33页

作者： Xiaona Liu Baohua Zhao Yanyun Hu Luyue Huang Jingxiang Ma Shuqiao Xu Zhonglin Xia Xiaoying Ma Shuangchen Ma School of Environmental Science and engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBaoding 071003China Huadian Zhengzhou machinery design and research institute co. LtdZhengzhou 450002China Huadian Inner Mongolia Energy co. Ltd.Baotou Power Generation BranchBaotou 014013China

Electrode materials with high desalination capacity and long-term cyclic stability are the focus of capacitive deionization(CDI) co.munity. Understanding the causes of performance decay in traditional carbons is crucial to design a high-performance material. Based on this, here, nitrogen-doped activated carbon(NAC) was prepared by pyrolyzing the blend of activated carbon powder(ACP) and melamine for the positive electrode of asymmetric CDI. By co.paring the indicators changes such as co.ductivity, salt adsorption capacity, pH, and charge efficiency of the symmetrical ACP-ACP device to the asymmetric ACP-NAC device under different CDI cycles, as well as the changes of the electrochemical properties of anode and cathode materials after long-term operation, the reasons for the decline of the stability of the CDI performance were revealed. It was found that the carboxyl functional groups generated by the electro-oxidation of anode carbon materials make the anode zero-charge potential(E_(pzc)) shift positively,which results in the uneven distribution of potential windows of CDI units and affects the adsorption capacity. Furthermore, by understanding the electron density on C atoms surrounding the N atoms, we attribute the increased cyclic stability to the enhanced negativity of the charge of carbon atoms adjacent to quaternary-N and pyridinic-oxide-N.

关键词： Anodic oxidation Capacitive deionization Cyclic stability N-doping

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Long-Term Settlement Characterization of High-Filling Foundation in the Mountain Excavation and City co.struction Area of the Yan’an New District,china

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Journal of Earth Science 2023年第6期34卷 1908-1915页

作者： Xiaokun Hou Shengwen Qi Yongtang Yu Jianguo Zheng Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Innovation Academy for Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China co.lege of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China china United Northwest institute for engineering design&research co. Ltd.Xi'an 710077China china Jikan research institute of engineering Investigations and design co. Ltd.Xi'an 710021China

Mountain Excavation and City co.struction(MECC)represents a prominent anthropogenic endeavor aimed at facilitating urban expansion in the Loess Plateau of *** is important to co.prehend the long-term settlement behavior at MECC engineering sites to effectively assess the project’s success in reshaping landscapes and expanding urban *** this study,a typical MECC project,specifically the upstream area of the Liujiagou Valley within the new district of Yan’an City,is selected as a case study to investigate long-term settlement *** research involved co.ducting creep tests on soil samples with varying dry densities and moisture co.tent and co.tinuous in-situ monitoring of ground surface settlement at 17 specific ***,a numerical model was developed and calibrated using the in-situ monitoring data to predict the long-term *** findings reveal that an increase in soil dry density and a decrease in soil water co.tent co.tribute to reduced ***,settlement primarily manifests within the filled areas,with greater soil thickness exacerbating settlement *** time,cumulative settlement exhibits a progressively diminishing rate of deformation until it attains a stable *** results provide insights for assessing the long-term stability of MECC projects,facilitating decision-making in future endeavors within this region.

关键词： Loess Plateau of china long-term settlement in-situ observation numerical analysis engineering geology

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An Adaptive Single Neural co.trol for Variable Step-Size P&O MPPT of Marine Current Turbine System

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china Ocean engineering 2021年第5期35卷 750-758页

作者： LI Ming-zhu WANG Tian-zhen ZHOU Fu-na SHI Ming Logistics engineering co.lege Shanghai Maritime UniversityShanghai 201306China Shanghai Investigation Design and Research Institute Co.LtdShanghai 200434China

Marine current energy has been increasingly used because of its predictable higher power *** to the external disturbances of various flow velocity and the high nonlinear effects on the marine current turbine(MCT)system,the nonlinear co.trollers which rely on precise mathematical models show poor performance under a high level of parameters’*** paper proposes an adaptive single neural co.trol(ASNC)strategy for variable step-size perturb and observe(P&O)maximum power point tracking(MPPT)***,to automatically update the neuron weights of SNC for the nonlinear systems,an adaptive mechanism is proposed to adaptively adjust the weighting and learning ***,aiming to generate the exact reference speed for ASNC to extract the maximum power,a variable step-size law based on speed increment is designed to strike a balance between tracking speed and accuracy of P&O *** robust stability of the MCT co.trol system is guaranteed by the Lyapunov *** simulation results show that this strategy has favorable adaptive performance under variable velocity co.ditions,and the MCT system operates at maximum power point steadily.

关键词： marine current turbine system perturb and observe single neural co.trol adaptive mechanism maximum power point tracking

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Airflow pattern and performance of attached ventilation for two types of tiny spaces

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Building Simulation 2022年第8期15卷 1491-1506页

作者： Haiguo Yin Yanyan Li Da Zhang Yuekun Han Jiali Wang Yongshou Zhang Angui Li School of Building Services Science and engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi'an 710055ShaanxiChina The key Lab of Plateau Building and Eco.co.munity in Qinghai Xining 810008QinghaiChina Qinghai Building and Materials research co. LtdXining 810008QinghaiChina Energy engineering design institute Energy and Environmental Engineering Research InstituteChina IPPR International Engineering Co.Ltd.BeijingChina

With the emergence of urban sentry boxes and capsule hotels,the development of tiny spaces with the co.cept of a reasonable minimum occupied space has attracted widespread attention from *** ventilation mode that fits with the limited geometric characteristics of tiny spaces is worth *** with the respective ventilation requirements of two types of tiny spaces,i.e.,sentry box space and tiny sleeping space,this paper proposes two attached ventilation modes.A full-scale experiment cabin was established,and the simulation method was optimized through experimental *** airflow pattern and distribution performance of the two attached ventilation modes in two types of tiny spaces were studied by the CFD *** results showed that the airflow attached to the vertical wall co.ld form an air curtain at the opening windows of the sentry box space,but there is a phenomenon of air *** installation of the deflector can improve the integrity of the air curtain,and the best installation angle of the deflector is 60 *** double side-attached ventilation mode in the tiny sleeping space can not only relieve the draught of the occupants(DRresearch co.clusions will add new ideas to the diversity of ventilation modes in tiny spaces.

关键词： sentry box space tiny sleeping space attached ventilation air curtain draught rate

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Removal of F- and organic matter from co.ing wastewater by co.pling dosing FeCl3 and AlCl3

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第12期33卷 2-11页

作者： Shuo Li Mengjie Liu Fuming Meng Xia Hu Wenzheng Yu co.lege of Resource and Environmental engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology Research Centre for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100086China Jinan Municipal engineering design&research institute(Group)co.LTD China

co.gulation and precipitation is a widely applied method to remove F-from *** this work,the effect of co.gulation on the removal of F-and organic matter from co.ing wastewater was studied using Al Cl3and Fe Cl3as co.pound *** removal rates of F-and organic matter under different co.gulant doses and p H co.ditions were *** results show that the highest removal rates of F-by Al Cl3and Fe Cl3are 94.4%and 25.4%,respectively;when the dosage is 10 mmol/L,the TOC removal rates of Fe Cl3and Al Cl3reach 20.4%and 34.7%,***,the removal rate of F-by Al Cl3is higher than that of Fe Cl3,but the removal rate of organic matter by Fe Cl3is relatively *** addition of Ca2+can promote the removal of F-,but the removal rate of organic matter *** addition,by investigating the effects of different p H and Fe–Al ratio on the removal rate,the removal effect of adding Fe Cl3and Al Cl3at the same time was *** results show that the most suitable working co.dition for the removal of organic matter and F-is that the p H is 6.5 and the molar ratio of Al/Fe is 8:***,the removal mechanism of F-and organic matter in co.ing wastewater by Fe Cl3and Al Cl3was explored in this *** experimental results can provide reference for the advanced treatment of co.ing wastewater.

关键词： co.gulation co.ing wastewater Fluoride Organic matter

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Elastic-visco.lastic behaviors of polymer-blend geocell sheets:Numerical and experimental investigations

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2024年第10期16卷 4261-4271页

作者： Yang Zhao Jianbin Chen Zheng Lu Jie Liu Abdollah Tabaroei Chuxuan Tang Yong Wang Lipeng Wu Bo Wang Hailin Yao State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China Wuhan Municipal engineering design&research institute co. Ltd.Wuhan430023China Hubei Key Laboratory of Geo-Environmental engineering Wuhan430071China Xinjiang Transportation Planning Survey and design institute co. Ltd.Urumqi830006China Department of Civil engineering Eshragh Institute of Higher EducationBojnourd***Iran University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China china Energy engineering Gezhouba Rail Transit co.struction co. Ltd.Shenzhen518116China

Polymer-blend geocell sheets(PBGS)have been developed as substitute materials for manufacturing *** attempts have been made to test and predict the behaviors of co.monly used geogrids,geotextiles,geomembranes,and ***,the elastic-visco.lastic behaviors of novel-developed geocell sheets are still poorly ***,this paper investigates the elastic-visco.lastic behaviors of PBGS to gain a co.prehensive understanding of their mechanical ***,the tensile load-strain history under various loading co.ditions is simulated by numerical calculation for widespread *** achieve this goal,monotonic loading tests,short-term creep and stress relaxation tests,and multi-load-path tests(also known as arbitrary loading history tests)are performed using a universal testing *** results are simulated using the nonlinear three-co.ponent(NLTC)model,which co.sists of three nonlinear co.ponents,i.e.a hypo-elastic co.ponent,a nonlinear inviscid co.ponent,and a nonlinear viscid *** experimental and numerical results demonstrate that PBGS exhibit significant elastic-visco.lastic behavior that can be accurately predicted by the NLTC ***,the tensile strain rates significantly influence the tensile load,with higher strain rates resulting in increased tensile loads and more linear load-strain ***,parametric analysis of the rheological characteristics reveals that the initial tensile strain rates have negligible impact on the *** rate-sensitivity co.fficient of PBGS is approximately 0.163,which falls within the typical range observed in most geosynthetics.

关键词： Polymer-blend geocell sheets Geosynthetics Elastic-visco.lastic behavior Numerical simulations Tensile load-strain response

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Insight into pyrolysis of hydrophobic silica aerogels:Kinetics,reaction mechanism and effect on the aerogels

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2023年第6期58卷 266-281页

作者： Xinyu Liu Hongliang Sheng Song He Chunhua Du Yuansheng Ma Chichi Ruan Chunxiang He Huaming Dai Yajun Huang Yuelei Pan School of Safety Science and Emergency Management Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Wuhan Building Material Industry design&research institute co. LtdWuhan 430200China State Key Laboratory of Fire Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China

Silica aerogels have promising applications in thermal insulation,but their flammability and reaction mechanisms have rarely been *** pyrolysis kinetics and thermodynamics of hydrophobic silica aerogels under N_(2) environment were *** kinetic and thermodynamic parameters were obtained by three model-free *** on the calculated kinetic parameters,the pyrolysis mechanism of silica aerogels was discussed by the master plots *** results indicate that the reactions of the whole pyrolysis phase can be characterized by a random nuclear *** addition,FTIR test results show that the volatile products of silica aerogel pyrolysis are mainly hydrocarbons generated by the deco.position of hydrophobic groups(methyl groups)on the ***,the effects of pyrolysis on the properties of silica aerogels Finally,the effects of pyrolysis on the properties of silica aerogels were investigated based on the analysis results of SEM,specific surface area,pore size distribution,X-ray diffraction,XPS and infrared spectrosco.y.

关键词： Pyrolysis Thermodynamics Reaction kinetics

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Numerical investigation of the wind environment around tall buildings in a central business district

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2019年第4期13卷 848-858页

作者： Pingzhi FANG Deqian ZHENG Ming GU Haifeng CHENG Bihong ZHU Shanghai Typhoon institute of china Meteorological Administration Shanghai 200030China School of Civil engineering and Architecture Henan University of TechnologyZhengzhou 450001China State Key Laboratory for Disaster Reduction in Civil engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Shanghai Investigation Design&Research Institute Co.Ltd.Shanghai 200335China

The wind environment around tall buildings in a central business district(CBD)was numerically *** district co.ers an area of-^4.0 km2 and features a high density of tall *** this study,only buildings taller than 20 m were co.sidered,resulting in 173 tall buildings in the *** numerical investigation was realized using the co.mercial co.putational fluid dynamics co.e FLUENT with the realizable A-6:turbulence *** efforts were made to maintain inflow boundary co.ditions throughout the co.putational *** reliability of the numerical method was validated using results from an experimental investigation co.ducted in the co.e area of the CBD(〜1.5 km2).Experimental and numerical investigations of wind speed ratios at the center of the three tallest buildings in the CBD agree within an uncertainty factor of *** the experimental and numerical results show that wind speed ratios in the wind field with exposure category D are higher than those from the wind field with exposure category *** on the above validation work,the wind environment around tall buildings in the whole CBD was then investigated by numerical *** flow phenomena and patterns,such as stagnation points,shielding effects,separation flow,and channeling flow,were identified around the tall *** pedestrianlevel wind environment around tall buildings in the CBD was further evaluated using nearby meteorological wind *** evaluation results show that some pedestrian activities,such as sitting at the center of the three tallest buildings,are unadvisable when the wind blows from the south-east.

关键词： wind environment pedestrian-level wind co.putational fluid dynamics wind speed ratio central business district

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