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Decreased levels of phosphorylated synuclein in plasma are correlated with poststroke cognitive impairment

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2598-2610页

作者： Yi Wang Yuning Li Yakun Gu Wei Ma Yuying Guan Mengyuan Guo Qianqian Shao Xunming Ji Jia Liu Department of Clinical Laboratory Beijing Bo’ai HospitalChina Rehabilitation Research CenterCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders Laboratory of Brain DisordersMinistry of Science and TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Brain DisordersBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision MedicineCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Neurosurgery Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Poststro ke cognitive impairment is a major secondary effect of ischemic stroke in many patients;however,few options are available for the early diagnosis and treatment of this *** aims of this study were to(1)determine the specific relationship between hypoxic andα-synuclein during the occur of poststroke cognitive impairment and(2)assess whether the serum phosphorylatedα-synuclein level can be used as a biomarker for poststro ke cognitive *** found that the phosphorylatedα-synuclein level was significantly increased and showed pathological aggregation around the cerebral infa rct area in a mouse model of ischemic *** addition,neuronalα-synuclein phosphorylation and aggregation were observed in the brain tissue of mice subjected to chronic hypoxia,suggesting that hypoxia is the underlying cause ofα-synuclein-mediated pathology in the brains of mice with ischemic *** phosphorylatedα-synuclein levels in patients with ischemic stroke were significantly lower than those in healt hy subjects,and were positively correlated with cognition levels in patients with ischemic ***,a decrease in serum high-density lipoprotein levels in stroke patie nts was significantly correlated with a decrease in phosphorylatedα-synuclein *** ischemic stroke mice did not show significant cognitive impairment or disrupted lipid metabolism 14 days after injury,some of them exhibited decreased cognitive function and reduced phosphorylatedα-synuclein *** together,our results suggest that serum phosphorylatedα-synuclein is a potential biomarker for poststroke cognitive impairment.

关键词： biomarker high-density lipoprotein ischemic stroke phosphorylatedα-synuclein poststroke cognitive impairment

Potential dependence in electrocatalysis: a theoretical perspective

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Science china Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 21-25页

作者： Leyu Liu Zhaoming Xia Zeyu Wang Yinjuan Chen Hai Xiao Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Fundamental Science center of Rare Earths Ganjiang Innovation Academy Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center Changzhou University

Electrocatalysis is a key technology for the new energy era and sustainable development, serving as the interface for interconversion of electrical and chemical energies, which spans a wide spectrum of applications in sustainable energy and environmental engineering. Electrocatalytic reactions including electrochemical CO2reduction reaction （eCO2RR）, hydrogen evolution reaction （HER）, and oxygen evolution/reduction reactions （OER/ORR）, hold essential promise for renewable energy technologies as well as complement the biogeochemical carbon and oxygen cycles.

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Toward understanding the role of genomic repeat elements in neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 646-659页

作者： Zhengyu An Aidi Jiang Jingqi Chen Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina MOE Frontiers center for Brain Science Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina MOE Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina Zhangjiang Fudan International innovation center ShanghaiChina

Neurodegenerative diseases cause great medical and economic burdens for both patients and society;however, the complex molecular mechanisms thereof are not yet well understood. With the development of high-coverage sequencing technology, researchers have started to notice that genomic repeat regions, previously neglected in search of disease culprits, are active contributors to multiple neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we describe the association between repeat element variants and multiple degenerative diseases through genome-wide association studies and targeted sequencing. We discuss the identification of disease-relevant repeat element variants, further powered by the advancement of long-read sequencing technologies and their related tools, and summarize recent findings in the molecular mechanisms of repeat element variants in brain degeneration, such as those causing transcriptional silencing or RNA-mediated gain of toxic function. Furthermore, we describe how in silico predictions using innovative computational models, such as deep learning language models, could enhance and accelerate our understanding of the functional impact of repeat element variants. Finally, we discuss future directions to advance current findings for a better understanding of neurodegenerative diseases and the clinical applications of genomic repeat elements.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease ataxia deep learning long-read sequencing neurodegeneration neurodegenerative diseases Parkinson's disease repeat element structural variant

Detection using mask adaptive transformers in unmanned aerial vehicle imagery

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年第2期21卷 113-120页

作者： YE Huibiao FAN Weiming GUO Yuping WANG Xuna ZHOU Dalin china Telecommunication Corporation Zhejiang Branch innovation center for Smart Medical Technologies & Devices Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University School of Computing University of Portsmouth

Drone photography is an essential building block of intelligent transportation,enabling wide-ranging monitoring,precise positioning,and rapid ***,the high computational cost of transformer-based methods in object detection tasks hinders real-time result transmission in drone target detection ***,we propose mask adaptive transformer (MAT) tailored for such ***,we introduce a structure that supports collaborative token sparsification in support windows,enhancing fault tolerance and reducing computational *** structure comprises two modules:a binary mask strategy and adaptive window self-attention (A-WSA).The binary mask strategy focuses on significant objects in various complex *** A-WSA mechanism is employed to self-attend for balance perfomance and computational cost to select objects and isolate all contextual *** experiments on the challenging CarPK and VisDrone datasets demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed ***,it achieves a mean average precision (mAP@0.5) improvement of 1.25%over car detector based on you only look once version 5 (CD-YOLOv5) on the CarPK dataset and a 3.75%average precision(AP@0.5) improvement over cascaded zoom-in detector (CZ Det) on the VisDrone dataset.

关键词： Drones

Passive activity enhances residual control ability in patients with complete spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2337-2347页

作者： Yanqing Xiao Mingming Gao Zejia He Jia Zheng Hongming Bai Jia-Sheng Rao Guiyun Song Wei Song Xiaoguang Li Beijing Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Neural Regeneration Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijingChina Department of Rehabilitation Evaluation China Rehabilitation Research CenterBeijingChina Cardiac center Beijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina The State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems Beihang UniversityBeijingChina Department of Rehabilitation Engineering China Rehabilitation Science InstituteBeijingChina

Patients with complete spinal cord injury retain the potential for volitional muscle activity in muscles located below the spinal injury ***,because of prolonged inactivity,initial attempts to activate these muscles may not effectively engage any of the remaining neurons in the descending pathway.A previous study unexpectedly found that a brief clinical round of passive activity significantly increased volitional muscle activation,as measured by surface *** this study,we further explored the effect of passive activity on surface electromyographic signals during volitional control tasks among individuals with complete spinal cord *** patients with chronic complete thoracic spinal cord injury were *** electromyography data from eight major leg muscles were acquired and compared before and after the passive activity *** results indicated that the passive activity led to an increased number of activated volitional muscles and an increased frequency of *** the cumulative root mean square of surface electromyography amplitude for volitional control of movement showed a slight increase after passive activity,the difference was not statistically *** findings suggest that brief passive activity may enhance the ability to initiate volitional muscle activity during surface electromyography tasks and underscore the potential of passive activity for improving residual motor control among patients with motor complete spinal cord injury.

关键词： complete spinal cord injury cycle training epidural electrical stimulation motor training passive activity physiological state spinal cord circuit surface electromyography volitional control task

Catalytic Performance of Carbon Smoke over Ag-LSCF Composite Catalysts

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2025年第1期40卷 30-34页

作者： GUO Guanlun HAN Ming LU Shaomin YU Jing JU Hongling 无 Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components&Hubei Collaborative innovation center for Automotive Components Technology Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China College of Mechanical and Transportation Southwest Forestry UniversityKunming 650000China

To improve the catalytic performance of La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Co_(0.2)Fe_(0.8)O_(3)(LSCF)towards carbon soot,we utilized the impregnation method to incorporate Ag into the prepared LSCF *** conducted a series of characterization tests and evaluated the soot catalytic activity of the composite catalyst by comparing it with the LaCoO_(3) group,LaFeO_(3) group,and catalyst-free *** results indicate that the Ag-LSCF composite catalyst exhibits the highest soot catalytic activity,with the characteristic temperature values of 376.3,431.1,and 473.9℃at 10%,50%,and 90%carbon soot conversion,*** values are 24.8,20.2,and 23.1℃lower than those of the LSCF *** also shows that LSCF can improve the catalytic activity of soot after compounding with Ag,and reflects the necessity of using catalysts in soot combustion *** characterization and BET test show that Ag-LSCF has more abundant surface-adsorbed oxygen species,larger specific surface area and pore volume than LSCF,which also proves that Ag-LSCF has higher soot catalytic activity.

关键词： metallic composites carbon smoke oxidation perovskite catalyst soot

Trinuclear gold-catalyzed site-selective alkylation of peptides

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Science china Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 249-256页

作者： Qing-Yun Fang Chengyihan Gu Yinghan Chen Wencheng Yan Yong Liang Weipeng Li Chengjian Zhu Jie Han Jin Xie State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (Chem BIC) School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Green Catalysis center College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University

Selective modification of peptides has always been a challenging issue. The selective alkylation of peptides can alter the biological activity and physical properties of molecules, and it has gained significant research interest. We herein disclose an intriguing gold-catalyzed alkylation of peptides using bench-stable unactivated alkyl bromides under photoredox catalysis. A wide range of structurally diverse primary, secondary and tertiary alkyl bromides serve as effective coupling partners to precisely connect with the α-C(sp3)–H in glycine residue of peptides. This protocol demonstrates an exceptionally broad scope for alkyl halides and excellent tolerance for a wide range of useful functional groups. A series of relay transformations to construct cyclic peptides, to proceed click reaction and to realize peptide fluorescence labeling further enhance its synthetic practicality. In addition, mechanistic studies and density functional theory(DFT) calculations reveal an inner-sphere and subsequent outersphere single electron transfer(SET) mechanism.

关键词： gold catalysis peptide alkylation C-C coupling radical

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Recent Strategies and Advances in Hydrogel‑Based Delivery Platforms for Bone Regeneration

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 389-439页

作者： Xiao Wang Jia Zeng Donglin Gan Kun Ling Mingfang He Jianshu Li Yongping Lu Scientific and Technological innovation center for Biomedical Materials and Clinical Research Guangyuan Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Medical HydrogelGuangyuan Central HospitalGuangyuan 628000People’s Republic of China Jiangsu Collaborative innovation center of Biomedical Functional Materials Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bio‑Functional MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023People’s Republic of China College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065People’s Republic of China

Bioactive molecules have shown great promise for effectively regulating various bone formation processes,rendering them attractive therapeutics for bone ***,the widespread application of bioactive molecules is limited by their low accumulation and short half-lives in *** have emerged as ideal carriers to address these challenges,offering the potential to prolong retention times at lesion sites,extend half-lives in vivo and mitigate side effects,avoid burst release,and promote adsorption under physiological *** review systematically summarizes the recent advances in the development of bioactive molecule-loaded hydrogels for bone regeneration,encompassing applications in cranial defect repair,femoral defect repair,periodontal bone regeneration,and bone regeneration with underlying ***,this review discusses the current strategies aimed at improving the release profiles of bioactive molecules through stimuli-responsive delivery,carrier-assisted delivery,and sequential ***,this review elucidates the existing challenges and future directions of hydrogel encapsulated bioactive molecules in the field of bone regeneration.

关键词： Hydrogel Bone regeneration Bioactive molecules Drug delivery Nano-/microscale carriers

Preparation and applications of calcium ferrite as a functional material:A review

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 292-310页

作者： Xiuli Han Bowen Duan Lei Liu Shilong Fang Weiwei Wang College of Mining Engineering North China University of Science and TechnologyTangshan 063210China Collaborative innovation center of Green Development and Ecological Restoration of Mineral Resources of Hebei Province Tangshan 063210China Key Laboratory of Mining Development and Security Technology of Hebei Province Tangshan 063210China

Calcium ferrite(CF)is recognized as a potential green and efficient functional material because of its advantages of magnetism,electrochemistry,catalysis,and biocompatibility in the fields of materials chemistry,environmental engineering,and ***-fore,the obtained research results need to be systematically summarized,and new perspectives on CF and its composite materials need to be *** on the presented studies of CF and its composite materials,the types and structures of the crystal are *** addition,the current application technologies and theoretical mechanisms with various properties in different fields are ***,the various preparation methods of CF and its composite materials are elaborated in *** importantly,the advantages and disadvantages of the synthesis methods of CF and its composite materials are discussed,and the existing problems and emerging challenges in practical production are ***,the key future research directions of CF and its composite materials have been prospected from the potential application technologies to provide references for its synthesis and efficient utilization.

关键词： calcium ferrite mineral functional materials preparation application perspectives