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Microscopic oil occurrence in high-maturity lacustrine shales:Qingshankou Formation,Gulong Sag,Songliao Basin

Petroleum Science 2023年第5期20卷 2726-2746页

作者： Jing-Ya Zhang Ru-Kai Zhu Song-Tao Wu Xiao-Hua Jiang Chang Liu Yi Cai Su-Rong Zhang Tian-Shu Zhang research Institute of Petroleum exploration and Development PetroChinaBeijing100083China

Occurrence and mobility of shale oil are prerequisites for evaluating shale oil reserves and prioritizing exploration targets,particularly for heterogeneous lacustrine *** Qingshankou Formation in the Gulong Sag,Songliao Basin is a classic lacustrine pure shale reservoir that contains abundant shale oil *** predicted geological reserves of the shale are 1.268×10^(9) *** this study,field emission scanning electron microscope(FE-SEM),the modular automated processing system(MAPS),pyrolysisgas chromatography(Py-GC),low-pressure nitrogen gas adsorption(LPNA),Soxhlet extraction,pyrolysis,and 2-D nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)were integrated to describe the shale oil components,microscopic occurrence,mobility,and the effective pore size ***,the related controlling factors are *** shale oil in the Qingshankou Fm exists dominantly in the matrix pores of the clay minerals,with small amounts distributed in the intergranular pores of terrigenous clastic grains,intercrystalline pores of pyrite,intragranular pores of ostracod shells,and *** oil is distributed in the pore spaces of variable sizes in different *** clay mineral-laminated shales are characterized by the broadest range of pore size and largest volume of pore spaces with shale oil distribution,while the ostracod-laminated shales have limited pore spaces retaining ***,the proposed integrated analysis evaluates the shale oil molecules existing in two states:movable,and adsorbed oil,*** result illustrates that movable oil takes up 30.6%e79.4%of the total residual ***,mineral composition,and pore structures of the shale joint together to control the states and mobility of the shale *** values are positively correlated with the quantities of shale oil regardless of the state of *** mineral components significantly impact the state of shale *** differences in the states of oil were observed following

关键词： Shale oil content Occurrence states Micro-oil distribution Effective pore spaces Controlling factors Gulong sag

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“Exploring petroleum inside source kitchen”: Shale oil and gas in Sichuan Basin

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Science china Earth Sciences 2020年第7期63卷 934-953页

作者： Caineng ZOU Zhi YANG Shasha SUN Qun ZHAO Wenhua BAI Honglin LIU Songqi PAN Songtao WU Yilin YUAN Petrochina research Institute of Petroleum exploration and Development Beijing 100083China

The Sichuan Basin is rich in shale oil and gas resources,with favorable geological conditions that the other shale reservoirs in china cannot ***,the basin is an ideal option for fully"exploring petroleum inside source kitchen"with respect to onshore shale oil and gas in *** paper analyzes the characteristics of shale oil and gas resources in the United States and china,and points out that maturity plays an important role in controlling shale oil and gas *** shale oil and gas exhibit high proportions of light hydrocarbon and wet gas,whereas Chinese marine and transitional shale gas is mainly dry gas and continental shale oil is generally heavy.A comprehensive geological study of shale oil and gas in the Sichuan Basin reveals findings with respect to the following three ***,there are multiple sets of organic-rich shale reservoirs of three types in the basin,such as the Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation and Ordovician Wufeng Formation-Silurian Longmaxi Formation marine shale,Permian Longtan Formation transitional shale,Triassic Xujiahe Formation lake-swamp shale,and Jurassic lacustrine *** shale gas enrichment is mainly controlled by four elements:Deep-water shelf facies,moderate thermal evolution,calcium-rich and silicon-rich rock association,and closed roof/***,the"sweet section"is generally characterized by high total organic carbon,high gas content,large porosity,high brittle minerals content,high formation pressure,and the presence of lamellation/bedding and natural ***,the"sweet area"is generally characterized by very thick organic-rich shale,moderate thermal evolution,good preservation conditions,and shallow burial depth,which are exemplified by the shale oil and gas in the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation,Longtan Formation,and Daanzhai Member of the Ziliujing ***,the marine,transitional,and continental shale oil and gas resources in the Sichuan Basin account for 50%,25%,and 30%of the res

关键词： Shale oil Shale gas Marine facies Continental facies Transitional facies Resource potential Sweet area Sweet section Source rock oil and gas Shale oil and gas revolution "Sichuan-Chongqing Daqing-Gas"

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The burden of upper motor neuron involvement is correlated with the bilateral limb involvement interval in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis:a retrospective observational study

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第5期20卷 1505-1512页

作者： Jieying Wu Shan Ye Xiangyi Liu Yingsheng Xu Dongsheng Fan Department of Neurology Peking University Third HospitalBeijingChina Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational research in Neurodegenerative Diseases BeijingChina Key Laboratory for Neuroscience National Health Commission/Ministry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijingChina

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a rare neurodegenerative disease characterized by the involvement of both upper and lower motor *** bilateral limb involvement significantly affects patients'daily lives and may lead them to be confined to ***,the effect of upper and lower motor neuron impairment and other risk factors on bilateral limb involvement is *** address this issue,we retrospectively collected data from 586 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients with limb onset diagnosed at Peking University Third Hospital between January 2020 and May 2022.A univariate analysis revealed no significant differences in the time intervals of spread in different directions between individuals with upper motor neuron-dominant amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and those with classic amyotrophic lateral *** used causal directed acyclic graphs for risk factor determination and Cox proportional hazards models to investigate the association between the duration of bilateral limb involvement and clinical baseline characteristics in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis *** factor analyses revealed that higher upper motor neuron scores(hazard ratio[HR]=1.05,95%confidence interval[CI]=1.01–1.09,P=0.018),onset in the left limb(HR=0.72,95%CI=0.58–0.89,P=0.002),and a horizontal pattern of progression(HR=0.46,95%CI=0.37–0.58,P<0.001)were risk factors for a shorter interval until bilateral limb *** results demonstrated that a greater degree of upper motor neuron involvement might cause contralateral limb involvement to progress more quickly in limb-onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis *** findings may improve the management of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients with limb onset and the prediction of patient prognosis.

关键词： amyotrophic lateral sclerosis bilateral limb involvement Cox proportional hazards regression model horizontal spread restricted cubic spline analysis time interval upper motor neuron vertical spread

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Inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acidergic neurons in the anterior cingulate cortex participate in the comorbidity of pain and emotion

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第10期20卷 2838-2854页

作者： Lu Guan Mengting Qiu Na Li Zhengxiang Zhou Ru Ye Liyan Zhong Yashuang Xu Junhui Ren Yi Liang Xiaomei Shao Jianqiao Fang Junfan Fang Junying Du Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture research Third School of Clinical MedicineZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Key Laboratory for research of Acupuncture Treatment and Transformation of Emotional Diseases Third School of Clinical MedicineZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Fuchun Community Health Service Center of Fuyang District HangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina

Pain is often comorbid with emotional disorders such as anxiety and *** of the anterior cingulate cortex has been implicated in pain and pain-related negative emotions that arise from impairments in inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acid *** review primarily aims to outline the main circuitry(including the input and output connectivity)of the anterior cingulate cortex and classification and functions of different gamma-aminobutyric acidergic neurons;it also describes the neurotransmitters/neuromodulators affecting these neurons,their intercommunication with other neurons,and their importance in mental comorbidities associated with chronic pain *** understanding on their role in pain-related mental comorbidities may facilitate the development of more effective treatments for these ***,the mechanisms that regulate gamma-aminobutyric acidergic systems remain *** is also unclear as to whether the mechanisms are presynaptic or *** exploration of the complexities of this system may reveal new pathways for research and drug development.

关键词： anterior cingulate cortex anxiety chronic pain circuit communication comorbidity depression gamma-aminobutyric acidergic neurons parvalbumin neurons synaptic transmission

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Sequence Characteristics of Foreland Basin and Its Difference from Those of Other Types of Basin

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Journal of Earth Science 2011年第6期22卷 737-754页

作者：纪友亮潘春孚周勇朱如凯高志勇杨杰琦于刚 College of Geosciences China University of Petroleum Langfang Branch of Petrochina exploration and Development research Institute research Institute of Petroleum exploration and Development Petro China

Based on the case history study of sequence stratigraphic framework,sequence model,and the controlling factors on sequence formation in the southern Junggar foreland basin,a contrasting comparison of the characteristics among the foreland basin,the faulted basin,and the sag basin is made in the aspects of sequence architecture,filling style,the controlling factors on sequence development,the migrations of basin center and depocenter,etc..The current study results show that there are major differences and these are documented as follows.（1） The accommodation space in foreland basin is mainly created by the subsidence caused by thrusting and napping in the foothill belt,resulting in progradational-dominated parasequence sets in the foothill area and retrogradational parasequence sets in the ramp region.（2） The accommodation space in an open-lake system in faulted basin is mainly created by the activities of the basin margin faults;thus,tectonic sequences are ***,in the closed-lake system,the subaqueous accommodation is mainly controlled by climatic-influenced lake-level fluctuations,and climatic sequence is formed.（3） In sag basin,a closed-lake system is easily formed due to its generation often within the cratons and isolation from the sea,and its accommodation space creation is mainly controlled by climatic lake-level fluctuations;thus,the sequence architecture in sag basin is similar to that formed on the passive continental margin.

关键词： foreland basin faulted basin sag basin sequence architecture stacking pattern sedimentary response to tectonism pattern dif-ferentiation.

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Hybrid data-driven framework for shale gas production performance analysis via game theory, machine learning, and optimization approaches

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Petroleum Science 2023年第1期20卷 277-294页

作者： Jin Meng Yu-Jie Zhou Tian-Rui Ye Yi-Tian Xiao Ya-Qiu Lu Ai-Wei Zheng Bang Liang Petroleum exploration and Production research Institute SINOPECBeijing100083PR China Jianghan Oilfield Company Research Institute of Exploration and DevelopmentSINOPECWuhan430223HubeiPR China

A comprehensive and precise analysis of shale gas production performance is crucial for evaluating resource potential,designing a field development plan,and making investment ***,quantitative analysis can be challenging because production performance is dominated by the complex interaction among a series of geological and engineering *** fact,each factor can be viewed as a player who makes cooperative contributions to the production payoff within the constraints of physical laws and *** by the idea,we propose a hybrid data-driven analysis framework in this study,where the contributions of dominant factors are quantitatively evaluated,the productions are precisely forecasted,and the development optimization suggestions are comprehensively *** specifically,game theory and machine learning models are coupled to determine the dominating geological and engineering *** Shapley value with definite physical meaning is employed to quantitatively measure the effects of individual factors.A multi-model-fused stacked model is trained for production forecast,which provides the basis for derivative-free optimization algorithms to optimize the development *** complete workflow is validated with actual production data collected from the Fuling shale gas field,Sichuan Basin,*** validation results show that the proposed procedure can draw rigorous conclusions with quantified evidence and thereby provide specific and reliable suggestions for development plan *** with traditional and experience-based approaches,the hybrid data-driven procedure is advanced in terms of both efficiency and accuracy.

关键词： Shale gas Production performance Data-driven Dominant factors Game theory Machine learning Derivative-free optimization

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Rock thin-section analysis and identification based on artificial intelligent technique

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Petroleum Science 2022年第4期19卷 1605-1621页

作者： He Liua Yi-Li Ren Xin Li Yan-Xu Hu Jian-Ping Wu Bin Li Lu Luo Zhi Tao Xi Liu Jia Liang Yun-Ying Zhang Xiao-Yu An Wen-Kai Fang Petrochina research Institute of Petroleum exploration&Development Beijing100083China research Institute of Petroleum exploration and Development PetroChina Huabei Oilfield CompanyHebei Renqiu062552China

Rock thin-section identification is an indispensable geological exploration tool for understanding and recognizing the composition of the *** is also an important evaluation method for oil and gas exploration and *** can be used to identify the petrological characteristics of reservoirs,determine the type of diagenesis,and distinguish the characteristics of reservoir space and pore *** is necessary to understand the physical properties and sedimentary environment of the reservoir,obtain the relevant parameters of the reservoir,formulate the oil and gas development plan,and reserve *** traditional thin-section identification method has a history of more than one hundred years,which mainly depends on the geological experts'visual observation with the optical microscope,and is bothered by the problems of strong subjectivity,high dependence on experience,heavy workload,long identification cycle,and incapability to achieve complete and accurate *** this paper,the models of particle segmentation,mineralogy identification,and pore type intelligent identification are constructed by using deep learning,computer vision,and other technologies,and the intelligent thinsection identification is *** paper overcomes the problem of multi-target recognition in the image sequence,constructs a fine-grained classification network under the multi-mode and multi-light source,and proposes a modeling scheme of data annotation while building models,forming a scientific,quantitative and efficient slice identification *** experimental results and practical application results show that the thin-section intelligent identification technology proposed in this paper does not only greatly improves the identification efficiency,but also realizes the intuitive,accurate and quantitative identification results,which is a subversive innovation and change to the traditional thin-section identification practice.

关键词： Thin-section identification Artificial intelligence Deep learning Computer vision Sedimentary reservoir

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Exosomes:the next-generation therapeutic platform for ischemic stroke

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第5期20卷 1221-1235页

作者： Wenjing Yin Hongyin Ma Yang Qu Jiaxin Ren Yingying Sun Zhen-Ni Guo Yi Yang Stroke Center Department of NeurologyFirst Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilin ProvinceChina Neuroscience research Center Department of NeurologyFirst Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilin ProvinceChina

Current therapeutic strategies for ischemic stroke fall short of the desired objective of neurological functional ***,there is an urgent need to develop new methods for the treatment of this *** are natural cell-derived vesicles that mediate signal transduction between cells under physiological and pathological *** have low immunogenicity,good stability,high delivery efficiency,and the ability to cross the blood–brain *** physiological properties of exosomes have the potential to lead to new breakthroughs in the treatment of ischemic *** rapid development of nanotechnology has advanced the application of engineered exosomes,which can effectively improve targeting ability,enhance therapeutic efficacy,and minimize the dosages *** in technology have also driven clinical translational research on *** this review,we describe the therapeutic effects of exosomes and their positive roles in current treatment strategies for ischemic stroke,including their antiinflammation,anti-apoptosis,autophagy-regulation,angiogenesis,neurogenesis,and glial scar formation reduction ***,it is worth noting that,despite their significant therapeutic potential,there remains a dearth of standardized characterization methods and efficient isolation techniques capable of producing highly purified *** optimization strategies should prioritize the exploration of suitable isolation techniques and the establishment of unified workflows to effectively harness exosomes for diagnostic or therapeutic applications in ischemic ***,our review aims to summarize our understanding of exosome-based treatment prospects in ischemic stroke and foster innovative ideas for the development of exosome-based therapies.

关键词： blood–brain barrier electroacupuncture engineering exercise exosomes ischemic stroke mesenchymal stem cells microglia neuroprotection stents

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Effective source rock selection and oil–source correlation in the Western Slope of the northern Songliao Basin,china

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Petroleum Science 2021年第2期18卷 398-415页

作者： He Bi Peng Li Yun Jiang Jing-Jing Fan Xiao-Yue Chen research Institute of Petroleum exploration and Development PetroChinaBeijing100083China Petroleum exploration and Production research Institute SINOPECBeijing100083China china National Oil and Gas exploration and Development Co.Ltd. Beijing100034China

This study considers the Upper Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation,Yaojia Formation,and the first member of the Nenjiang Formation in the Western Slope of the northern Songliao *** mudstone with high abundances of organic matter of Gulong and Qijia sags are considered to be significant source rocks in the study *** evaluate their development characteristics,differences and effectiveness,geochemical parameters are ***-dimensional basin modeling and hydrocarbon evolution are also applied to discuss the effectiveness of source *** the biomarker characteristics,the source–source,oil–oil,and oil–source correlations are assessed and the sources of crude oils in different rock units are *** on the results,Gulong and Qijia source rocks have different organic matter primarily detrived from mixed sources and plankton,*** source rock has higher thermal evolution degree than Qijia source *** biomarker parameters of the source rocks are compared with 31 crude oil *** studied crude oils can be divided into two *** oil–source correlations show that group I oils from Qing II–III,Yao I,and Yao II–III members were probably derived from Gulong source rock and that only group II oils from Nen I member were derived from Qijia source rock.

关键词： Songliao basin Western slope Source rock distinction Crude oils Biomarker Oil-source correlation

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Development of a nomogram for overall survival in patients with esophageal carcinoma:A prospective cohort study in china

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2025年第1期17卷 158-168页

作者： Shi-Shi Yu Xi Zheng Xiao-Sheng Li Qian-Jie Xu Wei Zhang Zhong-Li Liao Hai-Ke Lei Department of Gastroenterology Chongqing University Cancer HospitalChongqing 400030China Chongqing Cancer Multi-omics Big Data Application Engineering research Center Chongqing University Cancer HospitalChongqing 400030China Department of Health Statistics School of Public HealthChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China

BACKGROUND Esophageal carcinoma(EC)presents a significant public health issue in china,with its prognosis impacted by myriad *** creation of a reliable prog-nostic model for the overall survival(OS)of EC patients promises to greatly advance the customization of treatment *** To create a more systematic and practical model that incorporates clinically significant indicators to support decision-making in clinical *** This study utilized data from a prospective longitudinal cohort of 3127 EC patients treated at Chongqing University Cancer Hospital between January 1,2018,and December 12,*** the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression alongside multivariate Cox regression analyses helped pinpoint pertinent variables for constructing the *** efficacy was assessed by concordance index(C-index),area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC),calibration curves,and decision curve analysis(DCA).RESULTS Nine variables were determined to be significant predictors of OS in EC patients:Body mass index(BMI),Karnofsky performance status,TNM stage,surgery,radiotherapy,chemotherapy,immunotherapy,platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio,and albumin-to-globulin ratio(ALB/GLB).The model demonstrated a C-index of 0.715(95%CI:0.701-0.729)in the training cohort and 0.711(95%CI:0.689-0.732)in the validation *** the training cohort,AUCs for 1-year,3-year,and 5-year OS predictions were 0.773,0.787,and 0.750,respectively;in the validation cohort,they were 0.772,0.768,and 0.723,respectively,illustrating the model's *** curves and DCA verified the model's predictive accuracy and net *** A novel prognostic model for determining the OS of EC patients was successfully developed and validated to help clinicians in devising individualized treatment schemes for EC patients.

关键词： Esophageal carcinoma High-risk factors Prognosis Overall survival Prediction model

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