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Enhancing capacitive deionization performance and cyclic stability of nitrogen-doped activated carbon by the electro-oxidation of anode materials

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2024年第5期69卷 23-33页

作者： Xiaona Liu Baohua Zhao Yanyun Hu Luyue Huang Jingxiang Ma Shuqiao Xu Zhonglin Xia Xiaoying Ma Shuangchen Ma School of Environmental Science and engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBaoding 071003China Huadian Zhengzhou Machinery Design and Research Institute co. LtdZhengzhou 450002China Huadian Inner Mongolia energy co. Ltd.Baotou Power Generation BranchBaotou 014013China

Electrode materials with high desalination capacity and long-term cyclic stability are the focus of capacitive deionization(CDI) co.munity. Understanding the causes of performance decay in traditional carbons is crucial to design a high-performance material. Based on this, here, nitrogen-doped activated carbon(NAC) was prepared by pyrolyzing the blend of activated carbon powder(ACP) and melamine for the positive electrode of asymmetric CDI. By co.paring the indicators changes such as co.ductivity, salt adsorption capacity, pH, and charge efficiency of the symmetrical ACP-ACP device to the asymmetric ACP-NAC device under different CDI cycles, as well as the changes of the electrochemical properties of anode and cathode materials after long-term operation, the reasons for the decline of the stability of the CDI performance were revealed. It was found that the carboxyl functional groups generated by the electro-oxidation of anode carbon materials make the anode zero-charge potential(E_(pzc)) shift positively,which results in the uneven distribution of potential windows of CDI units and affects the adsorption capacity. Furthermore, by understanding the electron density on C atoms surrounding the N atoms, we attribute the increased cyclic stability to the enhanced negativity of the charge of carbon atoms adjacent to quaternary-N and pyridinic-oxide-N.

关键词： Anodic oxidation Capacitive deionization Cyclic stability N-doping

Optimal design for rubber co.crete layered periodic foundations based on the analytical approximations of band gaps and mapping relations

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Earthquake engineering and engineering Vibration 2024年第3期23卷 593-608页

作者： Wu Qiaoyun Xu Zhifeng Xu Peishan Zeng Wenxuan Chen Xuyong School of Civil engineering and Architecture Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430073China State Key Laboratory for Health and Safety of Bridge Structures Wuhan 430034China Wuhan Urban construction Group co. Ltd.Wuhan 430022China

The seismic performance of rubber co.crete-layered periodic foundations are significantly influenced by their design,in which the band gaps play a paramount *** at providing better designs for these foundations,this study first proposes and validates the analytical formulas to approximate the bounds of the first few band *** addition,the mapping relations linking the frequencies of different band gaps are ***,an optimal design method for these foundations is developed,which is validated through an engineering *** is demonstrated that ensuring the superstructure’s resonance zones are co.pletely co.ered by the co.responding periodic foundation’s band gaps can achieve satisfactory vibration attenuation effects,which is a good strategy for the design of rubber co.crete layered periodic foundations.

关键词： periodic foundation band gap vibration attenuation seismic isolation optimal design

Disco.tinuity development patterns and the challenges for 3D discrete fracture network modeling on co.plicated exposed rock surfaces

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2024年第6期16卷 2154-2171页

作者： Wen Zhang Ming Wei Ying Zhang Tengyue Li Qing Wang Chen Cao Chun Zhu Zhengwei Li Zhenbang Nie Shuonan Wang Han Yin co.lege of construction engineering Jilin UniversityChangchun130026China Liaoning Nonferrous Geological Exploration and Research Institute co. Shenyang110013China School of Earth Sciences and engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing210098China Northeastern University Shenyang110819China

Natural slopes usually display co.plicated exposed rock surfaces that are characterized by co.plex and substantial terrain undulation and ubiquitous undesirable phenomena such as vegetation co.er and *** study presents a systematic outcrop research of fracture pattern variations in a co.plicated rock slope,and the qualitative and quantitative study of the co.plex phenomena impact on threedimensional(3D)discrete fracture network(DFN)*** the studies of the outcrop fracture pattern have been so far focused on local variations,thus,we put forward a statistical analysis of global *** entire outcrop is partitioned into several subzones,and the subzone-scale variability of fracture geometric properties is analyzed(including the orientation,the density,and the trace length).The results reveal significant variations in fracture characteristics(such as the co.centrative degree,the average orientation,the density,and the trace length)among different ***,the density of fracture sets,which is approximately parallel to the slope surface,exhibits a notably higher value co.pared to other fracture sets across all *** improve the accuracy of the DFN modeling,the effects of three co.mon phenomena resulting from vegetation and rockfalls are qualitatively analyzed and the co.responding quantitative data processing solutions are ***,the 3D fracture geometric parameters are determined for different areas of the high-steep rock slope in terms of the subzone *** results show significant variations in the same set of 3D fracture parameters across different regions with density differing by up to tenfold and mean trace length exhibiting differences of 3e4 *** study results present precise geological structural information,improve modeling accuracy,and provide practical solutions for addressing co.plex outcrop issues.

关键词： co.plicated exposed rock surfaces Disco.tinuity characteristic variation Three-dimensional discrete fracture network modeling Outcrop study Vegetation co.er and rockfalls

Experimental Investigation on Solution Regeneration Performance and co.fficients in Full-Open System for Heat and Water Reco.ery of Flue Gas

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第3期33卷 1094-1108页

作者： WEI Hongyang HUANG Shifang MA Yuxin CHEN Bo SUN Li ZHANG Xiaosong School of energy and Environment Southeast UniversityNanjing210096China MOE engineering Research Center for Building energy Equipment&Environment Southeast UniversityNanjing210096China Jiangsu Frontier Electric Technology co. LtdNanjing211106China

The reco.ery of heat and water from low-grade flue gas is of co.siderable importance for energy co.servation and environmental *** the full-open absorption heat pump shows promise as a means of achieving heat and water reco.ery,the lack of research on heat and mass transfer performance of open-type solution evaporation regeneration represents a significant impediment to its design and *** paper experimentally investigates the regeneration performance of an open-type spaying tower equipped with ceramic structured *** different regeneration modes are proposed,namely ambient air receiver mode and flue gas receiver mode,to utilize air or low-grade flue gas as a driving *** impact of different input parameters on the regeneration characteristics,including heat transfer capacity,water removal rate,thermal efficiency,and humidity effectiveness,are *** findings indicate that the enhancement of regeneration can be achieved through the increase of solution flow rate,solution temperature,and flue gas flow rate in both regeneration ***,high solution co.centration and flue gas humidity ratio can weaken water removal rates and reduce thermal *** the regeneration of CaCl_(2)-H_(2)O with a co.centration of55%,flue gas around 200℃with a humidity ratio below 44 g/kg can successfully drive the solution regeneration *** the solution co.centration or flue gas humidity ratio co.tinues to rise,additional energy is necessary for ***,the co.pled heat and mass transfer co.fficients are fitted,which can co.tribute to the design and optimization of the open-type regenerator.

关键词： heat and water reco.ery solution regeneration flue gas regeneration performance co.fficient

Calcium Carbonate and Ettringite Induced Efflorescence in CAC-Anhydrite Binary Systems

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第5期39卷 1129-1137页

作者： SUN Zixuan CHEN Yuting XU Linglin LIU Siyu YU Long PAN Feng WANG Chaoqiang WU Kai YANG Zhenghong Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil engineering Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 201804China Shanghai construction No.5(Group)co. Ltd.Shanghai 200063China School of Material Science and engineering Chongqing Jiaotong UniversityChongqing 400074China

We focused on the efflorescence induced microstructural evolution of ettringite-rich systems prepared with calcium aluminate cement(CAC)and *** effects of anhydrite on the visible efflorescence,and the co.responding capillary absorption of CAC-anhydrite mortars were *** co.position and microstructure of efflorescence-causing substances were investigated by optical microsco.e,in-situ Raman spectrosco.y,scanning electron microsco.e,energy dispersive spectrometer,thermogravimetric analysis,and differential scanning calorimetry,at *** indicate that,besides the calcium carbonate,ettringite is another main co.ponent of efflorescence-causing *** with the neat CAC mortars,the addition of anhydrite has a significant effect on the degree of efflorescence by acting on the co.position of hydration products and pore *** addition,methods are proposed for the prevention of efflorescence of CAC-anhydrite binary system.

关键词： calcium aluminate cement anhydrite efflorescence ettringite phase assemblage pore structure

Mechanism study of Cu(Ⅱ) adsorption from acidic wastewater by ultrasonic-modified municipal solid waste incineration fly ash

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2024年第3期67卷 157-165页

作者： Shunda lin Yang Lu Lin Zheng Ling Long Xuguang Jiang Jianhua Yan State Key Laboratory of Clean energy Utilization Institute for Thermal Power EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Zhejiang University Qingshanhu energy Research Center Hangzhou 310027China Hangzhou Xiaoshan Jinjiang Green energy co. Ltd.XiaoshanHangzhou 310000China

High co.centrations of co.per ions(Cu(Ⅱ)) in water will pose health risks to humans and the eco.ogical environment. Therefore, this study aims to utilize ultrasonic-cured modified municipal solid waste incineration(MSWI) fly ash for Cu(Ⅱ) adsorption to achieve the purpose of “treating waste by waste.” The effects of p H, adsorption time, initial co.centration, and temperature on the modified MSWI fly ash’s adsorption efficiency were systematically studied in this article. The adsorption performance of the modified MSWI fly ash can be enhanced by the ultrasonic modification. At pH = 2, 3 and 4, the adsorption capacity of the modified MSWI fly ash for Cu(Ⅱ) increased by 2.7, 1.9 and 1.2 times, respectively. Furthermore, it was suggested that the adsorption process of the modified MSWI fly ash can be better simulated by the pseudo-seco.d-order kinetic model, with a maximum adsorption capacity calculated by the Langmuir model of 24.196 mg.g-1. Additionally, the adsorption process is spontaneous,endothermic, and chemisorption-dominated from the thermodynamic studies(ΔH and ΔS > 0, ΔG < 0).Finally, the enhanced adsorption performance of the modified MSWI fly ash for Cu(Ⅱ) may be attributed to electrostatic interaction and chelation effects.

关键词： Ultrasound MSWI fly ash Cu(Ⅱ) Wastewater Adsorption

Mechanical properties and energy evolution of Beishan shallow-layer granite under different unloading paths

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第5期21卷 1728-1744页

作者： WANG Chuanle LI Erbing ZHANG Dengke HAN Yang LU Hui HE Kang DU Guangyin School of Transportation Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189China co.lege of Defense engineering Army Engineering University of PLANanjing 210007China Nanjing Urban construction Management Group co. Ltd.Nanjing 210006China co.lege of Field engineering Army Engineering University of PLANanjing 210007China

Rock has mechanical characteristics and a fracture damage mechanism that are closely related to its loading history and loading path. The mechanical properties, fracture damage features, aco.stic emission(AE) characteristics, and strain energy evolution of the Beishan shallow-layer granite used in triaxial unloading tests were investigated in this study. Three groups of triaxial tests, namely, co.ventional triaxial co.pression test(Group Ⅰ), maintaining deviatoric stress synchronously unloading co.fining pressure test(Group Ⅱ), and loading axial pressure synchronously unloading co.fining pressure test(Group Ⅲ), were carried out for the cylindrical granite specimens. AE monitoring device was utilized in these tests to determine the degree to which the AE waves and AE events reflected the degree of rock damage. In addition, the crack stress thresholds of the specimens were determined by volumetric strain method and AE parameter method, and strain energy evolution of the rock was explored in different damage stages. The results show that the shallow-layer granite experiences brittle failure during the triaxial loading test and unloading test, and the rock has a greater damage degree during the unloading test. The crack stress thresholds of these samples vary greatly between tests, but the threshold ratios of all samples are similar in the same crack damage stage. The Mogi-co.lomb strength criterion can better describe the unloading failure strength of the rock. The evolution of the AE parameter characteristics and strain energy differs between the specimens used in different stress path tests. The dissipative strain energy is the largest in Group Ⅱ and the smallest in Group Ⅰ.

关键词： Beishan granite Unloading test Mechanical properties Damage mechanism Aco.stic emission Strain energy

Design parameter optimization method for a prestressed steel structure driven by multi-factor co.pling

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil engineering 2024年第7期18卷 1066-1083页

作者： Guo-Liang SHI Zhan-Sheng LIU De-Chun LU Qing-Wen ZHANG Majid DEZHKAM Ze-Qiang WANG Faculty of Architecture Civil and Transportation EngineeringBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China The Key Laboratory of Urban Security and Disaster engineering of the Ministry of Education Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Beijing Building construction Research Institute co. Ltd.Beijing 100039China

To achieve efficient structural design,it is crucial to reduce the co.t of materials while ensuring structural *** study proposes an optimization method for design parameters(DPs)in a prestressed steel structure driven by multi-factor *** acco.plish this,a numerical proxy model of prestressed steel structures is established with integration of DPs and mechanical parameters(MPs).A data association-parameter analysis-optimization selection system is established.A co.relation between DPs and MPs is established using a back propagation(BP)neural *** co.relation provides samples for parameter analysis and optimization *** are used to characterize the safety of the *** on the safety grade analysis,the key DPs that affect the mechanical properties of the structure are obtained.A mapping function is created to match the MPs and the key *** optimal structural DPs are obtained by setting structural materials as the optimization objective and safety energy as the co.straint *** theoretical model is applied to an 80-m-span gymnasium and verified with a scale test physical *** MPs obtained using the proposed method are in good agreement with the experimental *** with the traditional design method,the design cycle can be shortened by more than 90%.Driven by the optimal selection method,a saving of more than 20% can be achieved through reduction of structural material ***,the cross-sectional dimensions of radial cables have a substantial influence on vertical *** initial tension and cross-sectional size of the upper radial cable exhibit the most pronounced impact on the stress distribution in that *** initial tension and cross-sectional size of the lower radial cable hold the greatest sway over the stress distribution in that cable.

关键词： structure design association relationship performance analysis optimum selection experimental verification

Runout prediction of potential landslides based on the multi-source data co.laboration analysis on historical cases

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china Geology 2024年第2期7卷 264-276页

作者： Jun Sun Yu Zhuang Ai-guo Xing Guizhou Geology and Mineral engineering construction co. LtdGuiyang 550000China State Key Laboratory of Ocean engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Long runout landslides involve a massive amount of energy and can be extremely hazardous owing to their long movement distance,high mobility and strong destructive *** methods have been widely used to predict the landslide runout but a fundamental problem remained is how to determine the reliable numerical *** study proposes a framework to predict the runout of potential landslides through multi-source data co.laboration and numerical analysis of historical landslide ***,for the historical landslide cases,the landslide-induced seismic signal,geophysical surveys,and possible in-situ drone/phone videos(multi-source data co.laboration)can validate the numerical results in terms of landslide dynamics and deposit features and help calibrate the numerical(rheological)***,the calibrated numerical parameters can be used to numerically predict the runout of potential landslides in the region with a similar geological setting to the reco.ded *** of the runout prediction approach to the 2020 Jiashanying landslide in Guizhou,china gives reasonable results in co.parison to the field *** numerical parameters are determined from the multi-source data co.laboration analysis of a historical case in the region(2019 Shuicheng landslide).The proposed framework for landslide runout prediction can be of great utility for landslide risk assessment and disaster reduction in mountainous regions worldwide.

关键词： Landslide runout prediction Drone survey Multi-source data co.laboration DAN3D numerical modeling Jianshanying landslide Guizhou Province Geological hazards survey engineering