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Character of Convective Systems Producing Short-Term Heavy Precipitation in Central china Revealed by Kilometer and Minute Interval Observations

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2024年第3期38卷 530-541页

作者： Zitong CHEN Yunying LI Zhiwei ZHANG Jing SUN Chengzhi YE Anyuan XIONG College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha410073China High Impact Weather Key Laboratory of china Meteorological Administration Changsha410073China Unit No.92192 of Chinese People’s Liberation Army Ningbo315000China Hubei Key Research Laboratory for Heavy Rain Monitoring and Warning Institute of Heavy RainChina Meteorological AdministrationWuhan430223China Institute of Meteorological Sciences of Hunan Province Hunan Meteorological BureauChangsha410118China National Meteorological Information Centre China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing100081China

Accurate forecasting of heavy precipitation in central china is still a challenge,within which a key issue is our still incomplete understanding of the convective systems(CSs)responsible for such *** this study,through use of an iterative rain-cell tracking algorithm,the macroscale characteristics(scale,intensity,duration,etc.)of the CSs that produced 595 short-term heavy precipitation events in Hunan Province,central china,are quantitatively analyzed,based on radar reflectivity,echo top,and rainfall observations at 1-km and 6-min intervals in April-September of *** results show that CSs present significant seasonal and diurnal *** CSs usually cover a larger echo area with stronger convective cores and thus generate more precipitation than summer CSs,though summer CSs develop more vigorously and *** initiated at 1400-1600 local time are characterized by the strongest convection and a smaller spatiotemporal scale,causing violent and transient showers with typical areal precipitation of 0.5-1 mm km^(−2),but less total *** analyses of the relationships among the scale,intensity,duration,and total precipitation of CSs reveal that the convective intensity is linearly correlated to the spatiotemporal scale of CSs,with the duration increasing on average by 0.0372 h dBZ^(−1);the echo area is significantly correlated to the total precipitation,and the duration and rainfall amount are connected with the area expansion rate(AER)of CSs:when the AER exceeds 50%,CSs expand rapidly with increasing total precipitation,but the duration is *** findings provide a helpful reference for the forecasting of short-term heavy precipitation induced by CSs in central china.

关键词： convective system radar reflectivity factor total precipitation iterative rain-cell tracking

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Optimization of inter-seasonal nitrogen allocation increases yield and resource-use efficiency in a water-limited wheat-maize cropping system in the North china Plain

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The Crop Journal 2024年第3期12卷 907-914页

作者： Xiaonan Zhou Chenghang Du Haoran Li Zhencai Sun Yifei Chen Zhiqiang Gao Zhigan Zhao Yinghua Zhang Zhimin Wang Ying Liu College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China College of Information and Electrical Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Ministerial and Provincial Co-Innovation Centre for Endemic Crops Production with High-Quality and Efficiency in Loess Plateau Taigu 030801ShanxiChina

Winter wheat–summer maize cropping system in the North china Plain often experiences droughtinduced yield reduction in the wheat season and rainwater and nitrogen(N)fertilizer losses in the maize *** study aimed to identify an optimal interseasonal water-and N-management strategy to alleviate these *** ratios of allocation of 360 kg N ha^(-1)between the wheat and maize seasons under one-time presowing root-zone irrigation(W0)and additional jointing and anthesis irrigation(W2)in wheat and one irrigation after maize sowing were set as follows:N1(120:240),N2(180:180),N3(240:120)and N4(300:60).The results showed that under W0,the N3 treatment produced the highest annual yield,crop water productivity(WPC),and nitrogen partial factor productivity(PFPN).Increased N allocation in wheat under W0 improved wheat yield without affecting maize yield,as surplus nitrate after wheat harvest was retained in the topsoil layers and available for the subsequent *** W2,annual yield was largest in the N2 *** risk of nitrate leaching increased in W2 when N application rate in wheat exceeded that of the N2 treatment,especially in the wet *** to W2N2,the W0N3 maintained 95.2%grain yield over two *** WPCwas higher in the W0 treatment than in the W2 ***,following limited total N rate,an appropriate fertilizer N transfer from maize to wheat season had the potential of a“triple win”for high annual yield,WPCand PFPN in a water-limited wheat–maize cropping system.

关键词： Cropping system Water-saving irrigation North china Plain Nitrogen optimization Sustainable intensification

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Atmospheric iron deposition in a megacity of northwest china:Solubility,speciation,and deposition fluxes

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 383-393页

作者： Xiaotao Yang Pingping Liu Zhiwei Xue Hao Zhang Xuan Li Hongmei Xu Zhenxing Shen Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary National Key R&D of china Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi'anChina No.203 Research Institute of Nuclear Industry Xi'an710086China Xi'an Environmental Monitoring Station Xi'an 710054China

Atmospheric iron has crucial effects on biogeochemical cycles,atmospheric processing,global climate,and human *** this study,atmospheric dustfall samples were collected from six functional areas in Xi'an,china,from 2020 to *** spatiotemporal distributions and deposition fluxes of total and water-soluble(ws)Fe as well as the speciation and potential sources of ws-Fe were *** areas had the highest concentrations of total Fe and ws-Fe,which were mainly due to copious emissions of heavy metals during *** total Fe concentrations peaked in spring,primarily due to the substantial input of crustal dust,which also led to the lowest Fe solubility in this *** contrast,the highest levels of ws-Fe occurred during winter due to an increase in biomass *** the water-soluble forms,ws-Fe(II)was dominant and accounted for 74.8%of the total amount of *** dust was the main contributor to total Fe,whereas biomass burning primarily contributed to peak ws-Fe *** average total and ws-Fe deposition fluxes in Xi'an were the highest in spring and lowest in autumn,which were related to the distributions of the dustfall deposition fluxes and their Fe contents during these *** study provided a broader and comprehensive understanding of atmospheric iron deposition in Chinese urban area,which is of positive significance for understanding atmospheric chemistry and global climate change.

关键词： Atmospheric dustfall Iron Speciation distribution Seasonal variation Functional area Sources

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Proposing a development framework for sustainable architecture, engineering, and construction industry in china: Challenges, best practice, and future directions

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第5期18卷 805-814页

作者： Peixian LI Yujie LU Xuwen XIAO College of Architecture and Urban Planning Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Key Laboratory of Ecology and Energy Saving Study of Dense Habitat(Tongji University) Ministry of EducationShanghai 200092China College of Civil Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Key Laboratory of Performance Evolution and Control for Engineering Structures of Ministry of Education Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China china State Construction Engineering Corporation Beijing 100029China

china’s architecture,engineering,and construction(AEC)industry needs a clear and sustainable development *** inspiration from speeches delivered at a seminar hosted by the Chinese Academy of Engineering and extensive literature research on Chinese policies,this article presents a summary of the current trends in the AEC industry in four dimensions:industrialization as the foundation,intelligence as the enabler,lean management as the strategy,and green development as the *** four dimensions are intricately interconnected and rooted in multiple *** article provides a detailed review of the current practices,challenges,and future directions associated with each ***,ten grand challenges were proposed to stimulate discussions on the future of the AEC *** article offers an overarching understanding of the AEC industry and presents a four-dimension framework for sustainable development,which can be valuable for AEC practitioners.

关键词： green building lean construction prefabrication smart construction sustainable development

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Geochemical and Isotopic Techniques Constraints on the Origin,Evolution,and Residence Time of Low-enthalpy Geothermal Water in Western Wugongshan,SE china

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第3期98卷 801-818页

作者： WANG Luyao LIU Kai MA Yan ZHANG Yaoyao TONG Jue JIA Wuhui ZHANG Shouchuan SUN Junliang Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037China School of Water Resources and Environment China University of Geoscience(Beijing)Beijing 100083China The Fourth Geological Brigade of Jiangxi Geological Bureau PingxiangJiangxi 337000China

Geothermal resources are increasingly gaining attention as a competitive,clean energy source to address the energy crisis and mitigate climate *** Wugongshan area,situated in the southeast coast geothermal belt of china,is a typical geothermal anomaly and contains abundant medium-and low-temperature geothermal *** study employed hydrogeochemical and isotopic techniques to explore the cyclic evolution of geothermal water in the western Wugongshan region,encompassing the recharge origin,water-rock interaction mechanisms,and residence *** results show that the geothermal water in the western region of Wugongshan is weakly alkaline,with low enthalpy and mineralization *** hydrochemistry of geothermal waters is dominated by Na-HCO_(3)and Na-SO_(4),while the hydrochemistry types of cold springs are all Na-HCO_(3).The hydrochemistry types of surface waters and rain waters are NaHCO_(3)or Ca-HCO_(3).The δD and δ^(18)O values reveal that the geothermal waters are recharged by atmospheric precipitation at an altitude between 550.0 and 1218.6 *** ratios of maj or solutes and isotopic compositions of^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr underscore the significant role of silicate weathering,dissolution,and cation exchange in controlling geothermal water ***,geothermal waters experienced varying degrees of mixing with cold water during their ***δ^(13)C values suggest that the primary sources of carbon in the geothermal waters were biogenic and ***δ^(34)S value suggests that the sulfates in geothermal water originate from sulfide minerals in the surrounding *** dating using 3H and^(14)C isotopes suggests that geothermal waters have a residence time exceeding 1 kaBP and undergo a long-distance cycling process.

关键词： geothermal water hydrochemistry isotope residence time Wugongshan area

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Biological sources, paleoenvironment, and organic matter enrichment in source rocks of the Ordovician Majiagou Formation, Ordos Basin, china:Evidence from biomarkers,microfossils, and inorganic geochemical analyses

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第1期13卷 92-115页

作者： Jing-Jing Cao Wen-Zhe Gang Shang-Ru Yang State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum(Bejing)Beijing 102249China College of Geosciences China University of Petroleum(Bejing)Beijing 102249China Oil and Gas Technology Research Institute PetroChina Changqing Oifield CompanyXi'an 710018Shaanxi ProvinceChina

Carbonate deposits in the Ordovivian Majiagou Formation are significant source rocks for natural gas generation in the Ordos Basin, northwestern china. Previous studies mainly focused on the organic matter enrichment mechanism of shales rather than carbonate rocks. The biological sources and paleoenvironment of carbonate source rocks, and the main controlling factors of organic matter enrichment in the carbonate source rocks were studied in this paper in combination with evidence from biomarkers, microfossils and inorganic geochemistry analysis. The results show that four types of microfacies were identified in the Majiagou Formation, respectively as: mud flat microfacies, mud-dolomite flat microfacies, dolomite flat microfacies, and open marine microfacies. The biological sources of organic matter are chiefly planktonic algae, followed by bacteria. The mud flat and mud-dolomite flat contain a high abundance of terrigenous detrital inputs, as indicated by the high content of Al_(2)O_(3), TiO_(2), Th, and Zr. The low Sr/Cu and high Rb/Sr values reveal warm and humid paleoclimate conditions in the mud flat and mud-dolomite flat, whereas the dolomite flat and open marine were likely formed in hot and arid paleoclimate conditions. The mud flat and mud-dolomite flat deposits were characterized by high paleoproductivity of the Majiagou Formation. Low Sr/Ba values were found in the mud flat samples, indicating fresh to brackish water condition, whereas samples of other facies have a relatively high degree of salinity. Based on U_(auth), Mo_(auth), Cr_(auth), Co_(auth), δCe, and δEu values, the mud flat microfacies was formed in a suboxic and anoxic environment, whereas the mud-dolomite flat, dolomite flat and open marine microfacies were within dysoxic to oxic conditions. A model of organic matter enrichment in the Majiagou Formation is thus established. The level of terrigenous detrital inputs is the principal factor of organic matter enrichment in the Majiagou Formation,

关键词： Biological source Microfacies Trace elements Organic matter Majiagou Formation Ordos Basin

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Assessment of the Characteristics of Demersal Fish Communities Using Species-and Trait-Based Approaches in the Coastal Habitats Along Rongcheng Bay,Shandong Peninsula,china

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Journal of Ocean University of china 2024年第3期23卷 786-796页

作者： YUAN Shunjie SUN Xin TU Zhong SUN Jie WANG Xianning ZHANG Peidong Key Laboratory of Mariculture(Ocean University of china) Ministry of EducationQingdao 266003China Shandong Fisheries Development and Resource Conservation Center Yantai 264003China

Biodiversity declines have motivated many studies on the relationship between species diversity and ecosystem *** this study,we described the spatial-temporal characteristics of demersal fish communities along a coastal habitat in Rongcheng Bay,Shandong Peninsula,china with both species-based and biological trait-based *** field survey was carried out monthly using traps from April to October of 2018,and divided into three seasons(spring:April and May;summer:June,July and August;autumn:September,October and November).The study area included five distinct habitats:seagrass bed,natural rocky reef,bare sand,artificial reef together with natural rocky reef,and artificial reef together with bare *** analyzed the fish communities with three taxonomic diversity indices,including Shannon-Wiener,Simpson,and Pielou Evenness,as well as four functional diversity indices,including FRic,FEve,FDiv,and FDis,based on 7 functional groups which are categorized into 27 *** results showed that there were no significant differences in taxonomic diversity indices among different habitats in the three ***,significant differences were found in the functional richness of fish communities among different habitats in three *** bed represented the highest functional richness in spring and *** study demonstrates that seagrass bed is very important in enhancing the functional diversity of fish communities in a complex *** study also indicates that the combination of taxonomic diversity and functional diversity will provide a more detailed description of the characteristics of fish communities.

关键词： complex habitat biological traits biodiversity fish communities

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Coupling Coordination Analysis of Cropland Intensification and Agroecosystem Services:Evidence from Loess Plateau in Shaanxi Province,china

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Chinese Geographical Science 2024年第3期34卷 401-419页

作者： FU Shaowu FU Mengyu QIU Menglong Center for Land Resource Research in Northwest china Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119China

One of the greatest challenges in the agroecosystem is to improve cropland intensification while preserving agroecosystem *** many studies have investigated the effect of cropland intensification on agroecosystem service,the interactive coupling and coordination among these factors remain largely *** view of this,this study performed a case study of the Loess Plateau in Shaanxi Province,china and constructed comprehensive evaluation models to quantify the cropland intensification and agroecosystem service in this *** analysis and the coupling coordination degree model were used to evaluate the interactive relationship between cropland intensification and agroecosystem service,and statistical analysis and spatial autocorrelation were used to analyze the spatial characteristics and potential mechanism of the coupling *** show that both the cropland intensification and agroecosystem service in the study area were relatively low yet gradually increased from 2000 to *** service lag was identified as the dominant unbalanced development *** the supply capacity of agroecosystem services plays a key role in the balanced development of cropland in the Loess *** coupling coordination degree between cropland intensification and agroecosystem service ranges from basic coordination to serious ***,cropland intensification practices in the area should be optimized to enhance this coordination *** upward trend was also observed in the coupling coordination degree from2000 to *** withdrawal of marginal cropland in the Grain for Green program is one of the most important reasons for this trend,especially for the northern *** 83.6%of the high-high clusters are concentrated in the southern region of the Loess Plateau,whereas 70.5%of the low-low clusters are distributed in the northern *** clustering characteristics are mainly attributed to the environmental

关键词： cropland intensification agroecosystem services balance analysis coupling coordination degree Loess Plateau,china

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Geochemical Characteristics and Hydrocarbon Generation Modeling of the Paleocene Source Rocks in the Jiaojiang Sag,East china Sea Basin

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第2期35卷 642-654页

作者： Chuang Lei Shiyan Yin Jiaren Ye Jingfu Wu Zhaosheng Wang Bin Gao Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Development and Ecological Restoration of Mineral Resources North China University of Science and TechnologyTangshan063210China Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources China University of GeosciencesMinistry of EducationWuhan430074China CNOOC Research Institute Ltd Beijing100028China

Jiaojiang sag in the East china Sea Basin is at the earlier exploration stage,where characterizing hydrocarbon generation of source rocks is important to understand oil-gas exploration *** geochemical and basin modeling analysis,hydrocarbon generation capacity and process of the Paleocene E_(1)y,E_(1)l and E_(1)m formations were *** show that E_(1)y and E_(1)l mudstones are high-quality source rocks with Type Ⅱ kerogen,which is dominated by both aquatic organisms and terrestrial higher plants deposited in sub-reduced environment.E_(1)m mudstone interbedded with thin carbonaceous mudstone and coal is poor-quality source rock with Type Ⅲ kerogen,whose organic matter was originated from terrestrial higher plants under oxidized *** by burial and maturity histories,E_(1)y and E_(1)l source rocks experienced two hydrocarbon generation stages,which took place in the Late Paleocene and in the Middle to Late Eocene,respectively,and had high hydrocarbon generation capacity with cumulative hydrocarbon volume of 363 and 328 mg/g,respectively.E_(1)m source rock only had one hydrocarbon generation process in the Late Eocene,which had low hydrocarbon generation capacity with cumulative hydrocarbon volume of only 24 mg/*** future oil-gas exploration in the Jiaojiang sag should focus on hydrocarbon generation center and select targets in the central uplift formed before the Miocene with high-quality traps.

关键词： East china Sea Basin Jiaojiang sag source rock geochemical characteristics hydrocarbon generation basin modeling petroleum geology

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Evaluation and projection of marine heatwaves in the South china Sea: insights from CMIP6 multi-model ensemble

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第7期43卷 15-25页

作者： Kai Liu Kang Xu Tongxin Han Congwen Zhu Nina Li Anboyu Guo Xiaolu Huang National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center Beijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China National Meteorological Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Meteorological Observatory Huhhot 010051China

This study evaluates the performance of 16 models sourced from the coupled model intercomparison project phase 6(CMIP6)in simulating marine heatwaves(MHWs)in the South china Sea(SCS)during the historical period(1982−2014),and also investigates future changes in SCS MHWs based on simulations from three shared socioeconomic pathway(SSP)scenarios(SSP126,SSP245,and SSP585)using CMIP6 *** demonstrate that the CMIP6 models perform well in simulating the spatial-temporal distribution and intensity of SCS MHWs,with their multi-model ensemble(MME)results showing the best *** reasonable agreement between the observations and CMIP6 MME reveals that the increasing trends of SCS MHWs are attributed to the warming sea surface temperature *** various SSP scenarios,the year 2040 emerges as pivotal juncture for future shifts in SCS MHWs,marked by distinct variations in changing rate and *** is characterized by an accelerated decrease in MHWs frequency and a notably heightened increase in mean intensity,duration,and total days after ***,the projection results for SCS MHWs suggest that the spatial pattern of MHWs remains consistent across future ***,the intensity shows higher consistency only during the near-term period(2021−2050),while notable inconsistencies are observed during the medium-term(2041−2070)and long-term(2071−2100)periods under the three SSP *** the nearterm period,the SCS MHWs are characterized by moderate and strong events with high frequencies and relatively shorter *** contrast,during the medium-term period,MHWs are also characterized by moderate and strong events,but with longer-lasting and more intense events under the SSP245 and SSP585 ***,in the long-term period,extreme MHWs become the dominant feature under the SSP585 scenario,indicating a substantial intensification of SCS MHWs,effectively establishing a near-permanent state.

关键词： marine heatwaves South china Sea global warming future projections CMIP6

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