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End-Triassic storm deposits in the lacustrine Sichuan Basin and their driving mechanisms

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Science China Earth sciences 2024年第7期67卷 2383-2400页

作者： Jianli ZENG Tingshan ZHANG Mihai Emilian POPA Yongdong WANG Xi ZHANG Liqin LI Yuanyuan XU Ning LU Xiaoqing ZHANG School of Geoscience and Technology Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu 610500China Sichuan Key Laboratory of Natural Gas Geology Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu 610500China Faculty of Geology and Geophysics Doctoral Schoolof Geology Laboratory of Palaeontology University of Bucharest.Bucharest 010041Romania Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese academy of sciences Nanjing 210008China University of Chinese academy of sciences NanjingNanjing 210008China University of Chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

Storm deposits or tempestites are event sequences formed by storms,requiring at least a water temperature of 26.5℃.While inland lakes are unlikely to form storm deposits because of their limited width and water *** Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation in the Sichuan Basin is a set of coal-bearing,clastic sequences with dominant sedimentary facies varying from braided river delta to lacustrine settings,with storm deposits widely *** the Zilanba of Guanyuan area,in situ tree trunks on a palaeosol surface in Member Vof the Xujiahe Formation provide new evidence of a storm *** fallen-down directions of nine in situ tree trunks were predominant in the NW direction,contrary to the palaeocurrent direction of the underlying strata,suggesting that the southeasterlies prevailed during the end-Triassic in the northern Sichuan *** mud clasts were frequently recorded in sandstones of the Xujiahe Formation,as well as in the Xindianzi *** mud clasts showed a rip-up or a plastic deformation with upside-down V-shapes,were capped on an erosional surface,showed no transport traces and were therefore interpreted as a storm lag *** megamonsoonal climate prevailed during the Late Triassic,although the megamonsoons themselves could not generate a storm deposition in the Xujiahe Formation due to its low maximum surface wind *** driving mechanism for generating storm deposits in the Xujiahe Formation is suggested to be tropical cyclones over the Tethys Ocean moving eastward,further landfalling on the western margin of the Sichuan *** of storm events in the circum-Tethys region show a widespread storm surge in low latitudes during the *** storm deposits at the top of the Xujiahe Formation represent a sedimentary response to the end-Triassic hyperthermal event.

关键词： Sichuan Basin End-Triassic Xujiahe Formation Storm deposits

Transcriptome and morphological analyses of double flower formation in Dianthus chinensis

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第1期10卷 181-193页

作者： Xiaoni Zhang Shengnan Lin Quanshu Wu Qijian Wang Chunmei Shi Manzhu Bao Mohammed Bendahmane Xiaopeng Fu Zhiqiang Wu Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of AgricultureAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518120China Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China Laboratoire Reproduction et Development des Plantes INRA-CNRS-Lyon1-ENSEcole Normale Superieure de LyonLyon 520074France

The double flower developmental process is regulated via a complex transcriptional regulatory *** understand this highly dynamic and complex developmental process of Dianthus spp.,we performed a comparative analysis of floral morphology and transcriptome dynamics in simple flowers and double *** found that the primordium of double flowers of‘X’was larger in size compared to that of simple flowers of‘L’in Dianthus ***-seq and Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis(WGCNA)during flower development,identified stage-specific gene network *** analysis by RNA-seq indicated that a group of genes related to floral meristem identity,primordia position and polarity were highly expressed in double flowers genotypes compared to simple flowers genotypes,suggesting their roles in double-petal formation.A total of 21 DEGs related to petal number were identified between simple and double *** experiments of in situ hybridization revealed that DcaAP2L,DcaLFY and DcaUFO genes were expressed in the intra-sepal boundary and petal *** proposed a potential transcriptional regulatory network for simple and double flower *** study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanism underlying double flower formation in Dianthus spp.

关键词： Dianthus spp. Petal boundary Floral morphology Double flower Co-expression network

Reproductive patterns in Araucaria araucana forests in the Andean range, Chile

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 252-261页

作者： Sergio Donoso Karen Pe?a-Rojas Claudia Espinoza Carolain Badaracco Rómulo Santelices-Moya Antonio Cabrera-Ariza Mediterranean Forests Laboratory Faculty of Forestry and Nature Conservation Centro Secano Faculty of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences Universidad Católica del Maule Maule Advanced Studies Research Center Vice-Rector's Office for Research and Postgraduate Studies Catholic University of Maule

Background Araucaria araucana is a mast species that presents a high variability in annual cone production. Researchers have recorded synchronization events in cone production in different populations, which allows the seed production to be concentrated, reducing the percentage of seeds consumed by different animal *** We sampled three populations located in the Andes Mountains, Araucanía Region, Chile. In 2004 we began the collection of data on cone production, for which we installed permanent plots（1200 m2each） at each location. We identified and labeled each female tree in each plot to monitor its cone production. In 2012 we selected a total of 30 trees near the plots to evaluate the number of seeds per cone. In each February from 2012 to 2014 we selected two mature cones and covered them with a porous mesh for subsequent collection and storage in March. At the beginning of June, we counted and weighed the seeds, determining the average weight, the number of seeds per cone, the germination capacity（GC）, and the germination speed（GS）.Results Cone production was synchronous across the three locations. We observed significant differences among the locations and years evaluated. The cones had fewer seeds in 2013（high production） compared to those in 2012（low production）, but their weights were similar. In 2014 the cones produced smaller seeds in fewer quantities. The difference between the years 2013 and 2014 resulted from the high-energy expenditure in 2013. Regarding GC and GS, there were significant differences among the three locations（GC: F = 45.41, p < 0.01; GS: F = 96.08, p < 0.01）, where the highest values were observed in *** Both GC and GS are related to seed weight but not to the number of cones produced in a given year. These annual fluctuations in seed production are determining factors in the population dynamics of forest species. Our results allow a better understanding of the reproductive phenology of A. araucana and could hel

关键词： Seed weight Germination potential Masting species Sustainable use Dioecious species

Effects of urbanization and forest type on species composition and diversity,forest characteristics,biomass carbon sink,and their associations in Changchun,Northeast China:implications for urban carbon stock improvement

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Journal of forestry Research 2024年第2期35卷 146-162页

作者： Yuanyuan Wang Xinzhu Dai Xingling Chen Dan Zhang Guiqing Lin Yuanhang Zhou Tianyi Wang Yulong Cui academy of forestry sciences of Changchun Bureau of Forestry and Landscaping of ChangchunChangchun 130117People’s Republic of China College of Landscape Architecture Changchun UniversityChangchun 130022People’s Republic of China Changchun South Lake Park Bureau of Forestry and Landscaping of ChangchunChangchun 130012People’s Republic of China

Differences in forest attributes and carbon sequestration of each organ and layer between broadleaved and conifer forests of central and outer urban areas are not well-defined,hindering the precise management of urban forests and improvement of *** clarify the effect of two forest types with different urbanization intensities,we determined differences in vegetation composition and diversity,structural traits,and carbon stocks of 152 plots(20 m×20 m)in urban park forests in Changchun,which had the largest green quantity and carbon density *** found that 1.1-fold thicker and healthier trees,and 1.6-to 2.0-fold higher,healthier,denser,and more various shrubs but with sparser trees and herbs occurred in the central urban forests(p<0.05)than in the outer *** conifer forests exhibited 30–70%obviously higher tree aboveground carbon sequestration(including stem and leaf)and 20%bigger trees,especially in the outer forests(p<0.05).In contrast,1.1-to 1.5-fold higher branch stocks,healthier and more diverse trees were found in broadleaved forests of both the inner and outer forests(p<0.05).Plant size and dominant species had similarly important roles in carbon stock improvement,especially big-sized woody plants and Pinus *** addition,a higher number of deciduous or needle species positively affected the broadleaved forest of the central urban area and conifer forest of the outer urban area,*** findings can be used to guide precise management and accelerate the improvement of urban carbon function in Northeast China in the future.

关键词： Species diversity Forest characteristics Biomass carbon sink Forest-type effect Urbanization effect Urban forests

Genetic diversity of RNA viruses infecting invertebrate pests of rice

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Science China(Life sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 175-187页

作者： Haoran Wang Shufen Chao Qing Yan Shu Zhang Guoqing Chen Chonghui Mao Yang Hu Fengquan Yu Shuo Wang Liang Lv Baojun Yang Jiachun He Songbai Zhang Liangsheng Zhang Peter Simmonds Guozhong Feng State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding China National Rice Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou 311400China State Key Laboratory of agricultural Microbiology College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Institute of Plant Protection&Soil Fertilizer Hubei Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430064China Institute of Plant Protection Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyang 550000China Institute of Plant Protection Liaoning Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenyang 110161China Sanya agricultural Technology Extension and Service Centre Sanya 572000China College of Agriculture Yangtze UniversityJingzhou 434000China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310012China Nuffield Department of Medicine Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen ResearchUniversity of OxfordOxford OX13SYUnited Kingdom

Invertebrate species are a natural reservoir of viral genetic diversity,and invertebrate pests are widely distributed in crop ***,information on viruses infecting invertebrate pests of crops is *** this report,we describe the deep metatranscriptomic sequencing of 88 invertebrate samples covering all major invertebrate pests in rice *** identified 296 new RNA viruses and 13 known RNA *** viruses clustered within 31 families,with many highly divergent viruses constituting potentially new families and *** the identified viruses,13 RNA viruses clustered within the Fiersviridae family of bacteriophages,and 48 RNA viruses clustered within families and genera of *** detected known rice viruses in novel invertebrate hosts at high ***,some novel RNA viruses have genome structures closely matching to known plant viruses and clustered within genera of several plant virus *** potential insect pathogenic RNA viruses were detected in invertebrate *** analysis revealed that host taxonomy plays a major role and geographical location plays an important role in structuring viral ***-species transmission of RNA viruses was detected between invertebrate *** identified viral genomes showed extensive variation for invertebrate viral families or ***,the large-scale metatranscriptomic analysis greatly expands our understanding of RNA viruses in rice invertebrate species,the results provide valuable information for developing efficient strategies to manage insect pests and virus-mediated crop diseases.

关键词： invertebrate species metatranscriptome viral diversity viral transmission viral genomes

Spatiotemporal Evaluation and Future Projection of Diurnal Temperature Range over the Tibetan Plateau in CMIP6 Models

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2024年第11期41卷 2245-2258页

作者： Suguo ZHANG Qin HU Xianhong MENG Yaqiong LÜ Xianyu YANG School of Atmospheric sciences/Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu 610225China Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China School of Atmospheric sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Earth System Modelling School of Engineering and DesignTechnical University of MunichMunich 85521Germany

The diurnal temperature range(DTR) serves as a vital indicator reflecting both natural climate variability and anthropogenic climate change. This study investigates the historical and projected multitemporal DTR variations over the Tibetan Plateau. It assesses 23 climate models from phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP6) using CN05.1 observational data as validation, evaluating their ability to simulate DTR over the Tibetan Plateau. Then, the evolution of DTR over the Tibetan Plateau under different shared socioeconomic pathway(SSP) scenarios for the near,middle, and long term of future projection are analyzed using 11 selected robustly performing models. Key findings reveal:(1) Among the models examined, BCC-CSM2-MR, EC-Earth3, EC-Earth3-CC, EC-Earth3-Veg, EC-Earth3-Veg-LR,FGOALS-g3, FIO-ESM-2-0, GFDL-ESM4, MPI-ESM1-2-HR, MPI-ESM1-2-LR, and INM-CM5-0 exhibit superior integrated simulation capability for capturing the spatiotemporal variability of DTR over the Tibetan Plateau.(2) Projection indicates a slightly increasing trend in DTR on the Tibetan Plateau in the SSP1-2.6 scenario, and decreasing trends in the SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, and SPP5-8.5 scenarios. In certain areas, such as the southeastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau, western hinterland of the Tibetan Plateau, southern Kunlun, and the Qaidam basins, the changes in DTR are relatively large.(3) Notably, the warming rate of maximum temperature under SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, and SPP5-8.5 is slower compared to that of minimum temperature, and it emerges as the primary contributor to the projected decrease in DTR over the Tibetan Plateau in the future.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau CMIP6 models diurnal temperature range model assessment historical period future projection

Discovery and Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Phlegmine A as a Selective Inhibitor of ASIC1a

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第10期6卷 2529-2536页

作者： Zai-Feng Yuan Fei Liu Yu-Fei Ou Wen-Yan Li Li-Yan Peng Xiao-Nian Li Qin-Shi Zhao State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201 School of Pharmacy Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 611137 University of Chinese academy of sciences Beijing 10049

Phlegmine A(1),a novel type of Lycopodium alkaloid with a unique skeleton,was isolated from the rare and endangered herbal medicinal plant,Phlegmariurus *** methods and X-ray diffraction analysis were employed to unambiguously elucidate the structure of phlegmine A(1).Furthermore,we realized the asymmetric total synthesis of the natural product phlegmine A(1)in 18 linear steps from commercial ingredients,achieving a 1.3%overall *** intramolecular carbene cyclization,dimethyldioxirane(DMDO)enamine oxidation,and Stevens rearrangement were exploited to establish the sterically congested vicinal quaternary centers,and an epimerization/aldol condensation/deacetylation reaction was utilized for the rapid assembly of enone at the final *** our semisynthesis attempts,a novel transformation was developed to constructα-aminoketone from enamine ***,the synthetic sample obtained from this work enabled the successful verification of phlegmine A(1)as a new type of highly selective acidsensing ion channel 1a(ASIC1a)inhibitor,which also exerted an in vivo analgesic effect,rendering it a promising lead compound.

关键词： Lycopodium alkaloids phlegmine A total synthesis ASIC1a inhibitor analgesic

A microphysical investigation of different convective cells during the precipitation event with sustained high-resolution observations

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2024年第2期18卷 279-295页

作者： Ziheng HUANG Zheng RUAN Debin SU State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China College of Electronic Engineering Chengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu 610225China Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Sounding China Meteorological AdministrationChengdu 610225China

The growth and breakup processes of raindrops within a cloud influence the rain intensity and the sizes of raindrops on the *** Doppler velocity spectrum acquired by a vertically pointing radar(VPR)contains information on atmospheric turbulence and the size classification of falling *** this study,the four types of Convective Cells(CC)during precipitation events with more than 700 mm of precipitation in southern China are *** characteristics of four types of CCs correspond to the isolated convection,the early stage,the mature stage,and the decline stage of organizational convection,in that *** analysis using retrieval of vertical air motion(Vair)and raindrop evolution in clouds from Doppler velocity spectra collected by C-band VPR revealed the growth and breakup of falling raindrops with dynamic *** raindrops appear in the early stages and are accompanied by ice particles,which are impacted by the falling path᾽s *** aggregation,which is primarily related to the alternation of updraft and downdraft,accounts for the mature stage᾽s high efficiency of surface *** CCs in the decline stage originate from the shallow uplift in the weak and broad downdraft under conditions of enough water *** updraft dominates the stage of isolated *** of convective cells could be more accurately represented in model evaluations.

关键词： cloud microphysics convective systems convective cell vertically pointing radar observations Doppler velocity spectrum

Spatial-channel transformer network based on mask-RCNN for efficient mushroom instance segmentation

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International Journal of agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第4期17卷 227-235页

作者： Jiaoling Wang Weidong Song Wengang Zheng Qingchun Feng Mingfei Wang Chunjiang Zhao Northwest Agriculture and forestry University Xi’an 712199China Nanjing Institute of agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsNanjing 210014China Intelligent equipment Technology Research Center Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of agricultural Intelligent Equipment and Roboics/College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Edible mushrooms are rich in nutrients;however,harvesting mainly relies on manual *** localization of each mushroom is necessary to enable a robotic arm to accurately pick edible *** studies used detection algorithms that did not consider mushroom pixel-level *** these algorithms are combined with a depth map,the information is ***,in instance segmentation algorithms,convolutional neural network(CNN)-based methods are lightweight,and the extracted features are not *** guarantee real-time location detection and improve the accuracy of mushroom segmentation,this study proposed a new spatial-channel transformer network model based on Mask-CNN(SCT-Mask-RCNN).The fusion of Mask-RCNN with the self-attention mechanism extracts the global correlation outcomes of image features from the channel and spatial ***,Mask-RCNN was used to maintain a lightweight structure and extract local features using a spatial pooling pyramidal structure to achieve multiscale local feature fusion and improve detection *** results showed that the SCT-Mask-RCNN method achieved a segmentation accuracy of 0.750 on segm_Precision_mAP and detection accuracy of 0.638 on Bbox_Precision_*** to existing methods,the proposed method improved the accuracy of the evaluation metrics Bbox_Precision_mAP and segm_Precision_mAP by over 2%and 5%,respectively.

关键词： edible mushrooms picking instance segmentation deep learning algorithm