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Single Molecule Applications of Quantum Dots

Journal of Modern Physics 2013年第11期4卷 27-42页

作者： Thomas E. Rasmussen Liselotte Jauffred Jonathan Brewer Stefan Vogel Esben R. Torbensen B. Christoffer Lagerholm Lene Oddershede Eva C. Arnspang 1departments of Physics Chemistry Pharmacy Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark 2National Institutes of Health Bethesda USA 3Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark 1departments of Physics Chemistry Pharmacy Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark 2Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine University of Oxford Oxford UK departments of Physics Chemistry Pharmacy Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark Niels Bohr Institute University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark

Fluorescent nanocrystals composed of semiconductor materials were first introduced for biological applications in the late 1990s. The focus of this review is to give a brief survey of biological applications of quantum dots (QDs) at the single QD sensitivity level. These are described as follows: 1) QD blinking and bleaching statistics, 2) the use of QDs in high speed single particle tracking with a special focus on how to design the biofunctional coatings of QDs which enable specific targeting to single proteins or lipids of interest, 3) a hybrid lipid-DNA analogue binding QDs which allows for tracking single lipids in lipid bilayers, 4) two-photon fluorescence correlation spectroscopy of QDs and 5) optical trapping and excitation of single QDs. In all of these applications, the focus is on the single particle sensitivity level of QDs. The high applicability of QDs in live cell imaging experiments held together with the prospects in localization microscopy and single molecule manipulation experiments gave QDs a promising future in single molecule research.

关键词： Quantum Dots Single Particle Tracking Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy Optical Tweezers

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Handbook of clinical laboratory testing during pregnancy 1

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丛书名： Current Clinical Pathology

2004年

作者： Ann M. Gronowski foreword by Gillian Lockitch.

ISBN: (数字)9781592597871

ISBN: (纸本)9781588292704

Practicing specialists in pathology, laboratory medicine, and obstetrics comprehensively summarize the latest scientific findings and their experiences in the use and interpretation of laboratory testing in patients who are pregnant or experiencing recurrent pregnancy loss. Topics of interest include the effects of normal physiological changes on test results, test selection for diagnosis, changes in reference ranges, monitoring the pregnant patient, new technologies, and the limitations of laboratory testing. The authors not only clearly explain currently used test methods and technologies for the nontechnical reader, but also provide comprehensive details for laboratory professionals. The comprehensive appendix that compiles published normal reference ranges by first, second, and third trimester consttitutes an excellent resource for professionals caring for pregnant women

关键词： Prenatal Diagnosis

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A New Generation of Semiconductor Quantum Dots for Molecular and Cellular Imaging

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生物物理学报 2009年第S1期25卷 161-161页

作者： Andrew M.Smith Mary Wen departments of Biomedical Engineering and chemistry Emory University 101 Woodruff Circle Suite 2001AtlantaGA30322USA

Semiconductor quantum dots, tiny light-emitting particles on the nanometer scale, are emerging as a new class of fluorescent labels for a broad range of molecular and

关键词： Quantum Dot fluorescent label molecular imaging

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Recent Progress in Capturing and Neutralizing Inflammatory Cytokines

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CCS chemistry 2020年第3期2卷 376-389页

作者： Qiangzhe Zhang Hua Gong Weiwei Gao Liangfang Zhang departments of NanoEngineering Chemical Engineering Programand Moores Cancer CenterUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093

Inflammatory cytokines are key players in modulating immune responses to mount effective host ***,excessive production of inflammatory cytokines contributes to the destructive components responsible for various inflammatory *** a result,treatment strategies have been developed to lower the cytokine levels or block their *** particular,therapeutic agents that directly capture and neutralize cytokines have gained significant attention as they bypass the interactions with the host cells,and therefore,are less likely to induce immunogenic response and *** them,“monoplex”platforms such as cytokine-neutralizing antibodies(CNAs)are commonly designed to target a specific cytokine for ***,to address the multiplexity of the cytokine targets in diseases,multiplex platforms such as glycosaminoglycan-containing biomaterials and cell-membrane-coated nanoparticles are ***,we have reviewed the recent progress of these cytokine-neutralizing platforms(CNPs)and discussed their applications in treating inflammatory ***,understanding the structure–function relationships underlying these CNPs would lead to the design of novel therapeutics toward effective management of inflammatory diseases.

关键词： inflammatory disorder cytokine neutralization anticytokine monoplex multiplex

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Exploring the Transferability of Large Supramolecular Assemblies to the Vacuum-Solid Interface

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Nano Research 2009年第7期2卷 535-542页

作者： Wei Xu Mingdong Dong Henkjan Gersen Socorro Vázquez-Campos Xavier Bouju Erik Lægsgaard Ivan Stensgaard Mercedes Crego-Calama David NReinhoudt Trolle R.Linderoth Flemming Besenbacher Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center(iNANO)and Department of Physics and Astronomy Aarhus UniversityNy Munkegade8000 Aarhus CDenmark Laboratory of Supramolecular chemistry and Technology Materials Science and Technology of PolymersMESA+Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of TwenteP.O.Box 2177500 AE EnschedeThe Netherlands Nanoscience group CEMES-CNRS29 rue Jeanne Marvig31055 ToulouseFrance Current address:departments of chemistry and Physics The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvania 16802USA Current address:Nanophysics and Soft Matter Group Department of PhysicsUniversity of BristolTyndall AvenueBS81TL BristolUK

We present an interplay of high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy imaging and the corresponding theoretical calculations based on elastic scattering quantum chemistry techniques of the adsorption of a gold-functionalized rosette assembly and its building blocks on a Au(111)surface with the goal of exploring how to fabricate functional 3-D molecular nanostructures on *** supramolecular rosette assembly stabilized by multiple hydrogen bonds has been sublimed onto the Au(111)surface under ultra-high vacuum conditions;the resulting surface nanostructures are distinctly different from those formed by the individual molecular building blocks of the rosette assembly,suggesting that the assembly itself can be transferred intact to the surface by in situ thermal *** unanticipated result will open up new perspectives for growth of complex 3-D supramolecular nanostructures at the vacuum-solid interface.

关键词： Self-assembly surface nanostructures scanning tunneling microscopy supramolecular assembly hydrogen bonding

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Improved degradation of azo dyes by lignin peroxidase following mutagenesis at two sites near the catalytic pocket and the application of peroxidase-coated yeast cell walls

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021年第2期 14-23页

作者： Karla Ili? ?ur?i? Raluca Ostafe Olivera Prodanovi? Aleksandra ?ur?evi? ?elma? Nikolina Popovi? Rainer Fischer Stefan Schillberg Radivoje Prodanovi? University of Belgrade-Faculty of chemistry Molecular Evolution Protein Engineering and Production facility (MEPEP) Purdue University Institute of Molecular Biotechnology RWTH Aachen University Institute for Multidisciplinary Research departments of Biological Sciences and chemistry Purdue University Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME

The enzymatic degradation of azo dyes is a promising alternative to ineffective chemical and physical remediation *** peroxidase(LiP) from Phanerochaete chrysosporium is a hemecontaining lignin-degrading oxidoreductase that catalyzes the peroxide-dependent oxidation of diverse molecules,including industrial *** enzyme is therefore ideal as a starting point for protein ***,we subj ected two positions(165 and 264) in the environment of the catalytic Trp171 residue to saturation mutagenesis,and the resulting library of 10～4 independent clones was expressed on the surface of yeast *** yeast display library was used for the selection of variants with the ability to break down structurally-distinct azo dyes more *** identified mutants with up to 10-fold greater affinity than wild-type LiP for three diverse azo dyes(Evans blue,amido black 10 B and Guinea green) and up to 13-fold higher catalytic ***,cell wall fragments displaying mutant LiP enzymes were prepared by toluene-induced cell lysis,achieving significant increases in both enzyme activity and stability compared to a whole-cell *** cell wall fragments retained their initial dye degradation activity after 10 reaction cycles each lasting 8 *** best-performing mutants removed up to 2.5-fold more of each dye than the wild-type LiP in multiple reaction cycles.

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Bisphenol A exposure alters release of immune and developmental modulators and expression of estrogen receptors in human fetal lung fibroblasts

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第10期28卷 11-23页

作者： Laziyan Mahemuti Qixuan Chen Melanie C. Coughlan Min Zhang Maria Florian Ryan J Mailloux Xu-Liang Cao Kylie A. Scoggan William G. Willmore Xiaolei Jin Regulatory Toxicology Research Division Bureau of Chemical Safety Food Directorate HPFB Health Canada Ottawa Ontario Canada Food Research Division Bureau of Chemical Safety Food Directorate HPFB Health Canada Ontario Canada Nutrition Research Division Bureau of Nutritional Sciences Food Directorate HPFB Heakh Canada Ottawa Ontario Canada Sector Strategies Division Risk Management Bureau Safe Environments Directorate HECSB Health Canada Ottawa Ontario Canada Institute of Biochemistry Departments of Biology and Chemistry Carleton University Ottawa Ontario Canada

Bisphenol A （BPA） has been shown to exert biological effects through estrogen receptor （ER）-dependent and ER-independent mechanisms. Recent studies suggest that prenatal exposure to BPA may increase the risk of childhood asthma. To investigate the underlying mechanisms in the actions of BPA, human fetal lung fibroblasts {hFLFs） were exposed to varying doses of BPA in culture for 24 hr. Effects of BPA on localization and uptake of BPA, cell viability, release of immune and developmental modulators, cellular localization and expression of ERa, ERβ and G-protein coupled estrogen receptor 30 （GPR30）, and effects of ERs antagonists on BPA-induced changes in endothelin-1 （ET-1） release were examined. BPA at 0.01-100 μmol/L caused no changes in cell viability after 24 hr of exposure, hFLFs expresses all three ERs. BPA had no effects on either cellular distribution or protein expression of ERa, however, at 100 μmol/L （or 23 μmol/L intracellular BPA） increased ERβ protein levels in the cytoplasmic fractions and GPR30 protein levels in the nuclear fractions. These paralleled with increased release of growth differentiation factor-15, decreased phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa B p65 at serine 536, and decreased release of ET-1, interleukin-6, and interferon gamma-induced protein 10. ERs antagonists had no effects on BPA-induced decrease in ET-1 release. These data suggest that BPA at 100 μmol/L altered the release of immune and developmental modulators in hFLFs, which may negatively influence fetal lung development, maturation, and susceptibility to environmental stressors, although the role of BPA in childhood asthma remains to be confirmed in in viuo studies.

关键词： Bisphenol AHuman fetal lung fibroblastsEstrogen receptorsAntagonistsCytokinesChemokinesImmune and developmentalmodulators

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Reconstruction of Pathways Associated with Amino Acid Metabolism in Human Mitochondria

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2007年第3期5卷 166-176页

作者： Purnima Guda Chittibabu Guda Shankar Subramaniam Gen *NY* sis Center for Excellence in Cancer Genomics and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics State University of New York at AlbanyRensselaerNY 12144-3456USA San Diego Supercomputer Center University of California at San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093-0505USA Departments of BioengineeringChemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of California at San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA.

We have used a bioinformatics approach for the identification and reconstruction of metabolic pathways associated with amino acid metabolism in human mitochondria. Human mitochondrial proteins determined by experimental and computational methods have been superposed on the reference pathways from the KEGG database to identify mitochondrial pathways. Enzymes at the entry and exit points for each reconstructed pathway were identified, and mitochondrial solute carrier proteins were determined where applicable. Intermediate enzymes in the mitochondrial pathways were identified based on the annotations available from public databases, evidence in current literature, or our MITOPRED program, which predicts the mitochondrial localization of proteins. Through integration of the data derived from experimental, bibliographical, and computational sources, we reconstructed the amino acid metabolic pathways in human mitochondria, which could help better understand the mitochondrial metabolism and its role in human health.

关键词： mitochondria metabolic pathways amino acid metabolism human

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Influence of Chemical Pretreatment on the Dissolved Organics in Poplar Alkaline Peroxide Mechanical Pulping Effluent

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Paper And Biomaterials 2017年第1期2卷 32-39页

作者： XinYu Wang JiaChuan Chen HongLei Chen Lucian A.Lucia GuiHua Yang QinWu Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Environment Change and Resources Utilization Guangxi Teachers Education University Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper Science and Technology of the Ministry of Education Qilu University of Technology Laboratory of Soft Materials & Green chemistry Departments of Forest Biomaterials and ChemistryNorth Carolina State University

The components of the effluent from the chemical pretreatment of poplar alkaline peroxide mechanical pulp(APMP) were analyzed in this study. The main dissolved organics were low-molecular weight(LMW) lignin, oligosaccharides, and monosaccharides. The lignin and sugar concentrations in the effluent obtained using different chemical pretreatment conditions and chemical dosages were analyzed using ultraviolet(UV) spectroscopy. This analysis provided a theoretical basis for the subsequent treatment and utilization of APMP effluent. The experimental results showed that the dosages of Na OH, H_2O_2, and Na_2 SiO_3 in the chemical pretreatment process affected the lignin and sugar concentrations in the effluent and that different chemicals had differing degrees of influence. The degree of influence exhibited the following order: Na OH>H_2O_2>Na_2SiO_3. More specifically, the dosages of Na OH and H_2O_2 had stronger influences on the lignin and sugar concentrations than that of Na_2 SiO_3. Indeed, the Na_2 SiO_3 dosage hardly affected the lignin and sugar concentrations in the effluent, but Na_2 SiO_3 could stabilize the chemical pretreatment system and improve the reactive efficiency of Na OH and H_2O_2. The pretreatment temperature and time also affected the organic components, and the influence of the temperature was stronger than that of time.

关键词： poplar APMP effluent pretreatment lignin oligosaccharides

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Bioengineered production of glycosaminoglycans and their analogues

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Systems Microbiology and Biomanufacturing 2021年第2期1卷 123-130页

作者： Weihua Jin Fuming Zhang Robert J.Linhardt College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary StudiesRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNY 12180USA Department of Biological Science Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Biomedical EngineeringCenter for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary StudiesRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNY 12180USA

Glycosaminoglycans(GAGs)are a class of linear polysaccharides,consisting of alternating disaccharide sequences of uronic acid and hexosamines(or galactose)with and without *** can interact with various proteins,such as growth factors,receptors and cell adhesion molecules,endowing these with various biological and pharmacological *** activities make GAGs useful in health care products and ***,all GAGs,with the exception of hyaluronan,are produced by extraction from animal ***,limited availability,poor control of animal tissues,impurities,viruses,prions,endotoxins,contamination and other problems have increased the interest in new approaches for GAG *** new approaches include GAGs production by chemical synthesis,chemoenzymatic synthesis and metabolic *** chemically synthesized heparin pentasaccharide,fondaparinux sodium,is in clinical ***,hyaluronan today is prepared by microbial fermentation,largely replacing hyaluronan from rooster *** recent gram scale chemoenzymatic synthesis of a heparin dodecasaccharide suggests its potential to replace currently used animal-sourced low molecular weight heparin(LMWH).Despite these considerable successes,such high-tech approaches still cannot meet worldwide demands for *** review gives a brief introduction on the manufacturing of unfractionated and low molecular weight heparins,the chemical synthesis and chemoenzymatic synthesis of GAGs and focuses on the progress in the bioengineered preparation of GAGs,particularly heparin.

关键词： Glycosaminoglycans Metabolic engineering Chemoenzymatic synthesis Heparin

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