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Drivers of early marriage and teenage pregnancy in Kenya and Uganda during COVID-19 lockdown period:A systematic review

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Journal of Integrative Nursing 2022年第4期4卷 202-210页

作者： Brian Barasa MASABA Rose MMUSI-PHETOE Jacklyne Atieno ODHIAMBO Bernard RONO Jane Wamuyu KABO Damaris MORAA Alex RUTTO John Kennedy MOTURI Thomas Ong’ondo NG’AMBWA Damaris OCHANDA Sammy Diana MAWIA Mary KIPMEREWO Samuel OYUGI Stephenie Lydia OJIAMBO Department of Health Studies School of Social SciencesCollege of Human SciencesUniversity of South AfricaPretoriaSouth Africa School of Nursing Great Lakes University of KisumuKisumuKenya Centre of Microbiology Research Kenya Medical Research InstituteKisumuKenya School of Nursing Kibabii UniversityBungomaKenya School of Nursing Kaimosi Friends UniversityKaimosiKenya School of Nursing Midwifery and Paramedical SciencesMasinde Muliro University of Science and TechnologyKakamegaKenya School of Nursing University of EmbuEmbuKenya School of Economics University of NairobiNairobiKenya

The present study aimed to explore the drivers of early marriage and teenage pregnancy in Kenya and Uganda during COVID-19 lockdown period.A systematic review design was *** major online databases utilized were PubMed,Google Scholar,Uganda and Kenya Ministry of Health repositories,ScienceDirect,and *** that were originating from Kenya and Uganda that were publicly available in electronic format published from March 2020 to March 2022 were *** thematic analysis identified major concepts that were drivers to the present research problem which were as follows:(1)school closure and(2)loss of income by *** COVID-19 containment measures introduced in the two countries were noted as major contributing *** the pandemic,lockdown led to school closures which meant the teenagers being idle at home with an increased opportunity to indulge in sexual risk *** have been noted to be a safe place protecting this vulnerable ***,with their prolonged closure,the teenagers were exposed to sexual *** lost income,and this might have contributed to early marriages and teenagers’dependency on their sexual *** on the reviewed evidence,the present study furthers the advocacy for the reduction of early marriages and teenage pregnancy,especially in the current COVID-19 pandemic *** study calls upon the governments to intensify efforts toward the present research problem as the COVID-19 pandemic is eroding the earlier gains made within the region.

关键词： Adolescent COVID-19 humans Kenya marriage sexual behavior teenage pregnancy Uganda

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Clinical, virologic and phylogenetic features of hepatitis B infection in Iranian patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第35期14卷 5448-5453页

作者： Golnaz Bahramali Majid Sadeghizadeh Samad Amini-Bavil-Olyaee Seyed-Moayed Alavian Abbas Behzad-Behbahani Ahmad Adeli Mohammad-Reza Aghasadeghi Safieh Amini Fereidoun Mahboudi Department of Genetics Faculty of Basic SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehran 14115-175Iran Biotechnology Department Pasteur Institute of IranTehran 13164IranMohammad-Reza AghasadeghiSafieh AminiHepatitis and HIV DepartmentPasteur Institute of IranTehran 13164Iran Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Tehran Hepatitis CenterTehran 14155-3651Iran Medical Technology Research Center School of Paramedical SciencesShiraz University of Medical SciencesShiraz ***Iran Biotechnology Department Pasteur Institute of IranTehran 13164Iran Hepatitis and HIV Department Pasteur Institute of IranTehran 13164Iran

AIM： To characterize the clinical, serologic and virologic features of hepatitis B virus （HBV） infection in Iranian patients with different stages of liver disease.METHODS： Sixty two patients comprising of 12 inactive carriers, 30 chronic hepatitis patients, 13 patients with liver cirrhosis and 7 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） were enrolled in the study. The HBV S, C and basal core promoter （BCP） regions were amplified and sequenced, and the clinical, serologic, phylogenetic and virologic characteristics were investigated.RESULTS： The study group consisted of 16 HBeAgpositive and 46 HBeAg-negative patients. Anti-HBepositive patients were older and had higher levels of ALT, ASL and bilirubin compared to HBeAg-positive patients. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all patients were infected with genotype D （mostly ayw2）. The G1896A precore （PC） mutant was detected in 58.1% patients. HBeAg-negative patients showed a higher rate of PC mutant compared to HBeAg-positive patients （2,2 = 9.682, P = 0.003）. The majority of patients with HCC were HBeAg-negative and were infected with PC mutant variants. There was no significant difference in the occurrence of BCP mutation between the two groups, while the rate of BCP plus PC mutants was higher in HBeAg-negative patients （2,2 = 4.308, P = 0.04）. In the HBV S region, the genetic variability was low, and the marked substitution was P120T/S, with a rate of 9.7% （n = 6）.CONCLUSION： In conclusion, HBV/D is the predominant genotype in Iran, and the nucleotide variability in the BCP and PC regions may play a role in HBV disease outcome in HBeAg-negative patients.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Clinical and virologic features Genetic variability Phylogenetic analysis

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Computer Modelling of Compact 28/38 GHz Dual-Band Antenna for Millimeter-Wave 5G Applications

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2023年第12期137卷 2867-2879页

作者： Amit V.Patel Arpan Desai Issa Elfergani Hiren Mewada Chemseddine Zebiri Keyur Mahant Jonathan Rodriguez Raed Abd-Alhameed Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Chandubhai S Patel Institute of Technology(CSPIT)Charotar University of Science and Technology(CHARUSAT)Changa388421India The Instituto de Telecomunica珲es Campus Universitário de SantiagoAveiro3810-193Portugal School of Engineering and Informatics University of BradfordBradfordBD71DPUK Electrical Engineering Department Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd UniversityAl Khobar31952Saudi Arabia Department of Electronics Laboratoire d’Electronique de Puissance et Commande Industrielle(LEPCI)University of Ferhat AbbasSétif19000Algeria

A four-element compact dual-band patch antenna having a common ground plane operating at 28/38 GHz is proposed formillimeter-wave communication systems in this ***-input-multiple-output(MIMO)antenna geometry consists of a slotted ellipse enclosed within a hollow circle which is orthogonally rotated with a connected partial ground at the *** overall size of the four elements MIMO antenna is 2.24λ×2.24λ(at 27.12GHz).The prototype of four-element MIMOresonator is designed and printed using Rogers RTDuroid 5880 withε_(r)=2.2 and loss tangent=0.0009 and having a thickness of 0.8 *** covers dual-band having a fractional bandwidth of 15.7%(27.12-31.34 GHz)and 4.2%(37.21-38.81 GHz)for millimeter-wave applications with a gain of more than 4 dBi at both *** proposed antenna analysis in terms ofMIMOdiversity parameters(Envelope Correlation Coefficient(ECC)and Diversity Gain(DG))is also carried *** experimental result in terms of reflection coefficient,radiation pattern,gain and MIMOdiversity parameter correlates very well with the simulated ones that show the potential of the proposed design for MIMO applications at millimeter-wave frequencies.

关键词： Connected ground diversity parameters dual-band antenna fifth generation(5G) mmwave multiple input multiple output(MIMO)

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Bacterial Spectrum and Antimicrobial Profile of Pediatric Blood Stream Infection at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Pakistan

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Chinese Medical sciences Journal 2020年第4期35卷 315-322页

作者： Anees Muhammad Sadiq Noor Khan Tahir Jamal Irshad Ul Haq Abdul Jabbar Ihsan Ali Department of Medical Laboratory Technology University of HaripurHaripurKhyber Pathtunkhwa(KPK)22620Pakistan Rehman Medical institute(RMI) PeshawarKPK 22620Pakistan Department of Microbiology University of HaripurHaripurKPK 22620Pakistan College of Medical Technology Bacha Khan Medical CollegeMardanKPK 23200Pakistan lnstitute of paramedical sciences Khyber Medical UniversityPeshawarKPK 22620Pakistan

Objectives Blood stream infections(BSIs)are the main cause of morbidity and mortality in children *** present study was carried out to determine the prevalence of BSI with a focus on the identification of the causative agent of BSI,and to further evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility profile of the causing bacterial *** A cross-section study was carried out at the tertiary care hospital in Peshawar,Pakistan from January to December,*** samples were collected in BACTEC™botdes and standard microbiological protocols were applied for the isolation and identification of bacterial *** antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed using disc diffusion method as per the 2014 guideline of Clinical Laboratory Standard institute(CLSI).Results Of 567 blood cultures in total,111(19.6%)were positive for *** children were 64%(71/111)and female children were 36%(40/111).For the causative predominant group of microorganisms,Gramnegative bacteria were identified in 79(71.1%)isolates,and Gram-positive bacteria in 32(28.9%)*** common bacteria of isolates were ***(n=35,31.5%),***(n=19,17.1%),***(n=18,16.2%),***(n=12,10.8%),and Enterococcus species(n=7,6.3%).The 36.7%(29/79)isolates of Gram-negative bacteria were ESBL producers,and 61.1%(11/18)of *** isolates were methicillin ***,72.9%isolates were multidrug *** Gram-negative bacteria were the main cause of pediatric BSIs,where the predominant microorganism was S.卯***,majority of the *** isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin.

关键词： antibiotic resistance blood stream infections pediatric Pakistan

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Correlation between hypertension and hyperglycemia among young adults in India

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2015年第2期3卷 171-179页

作者： Tanu Midha Vinay Krishna Rishi Shukla Praveen Katiyar Samarjeet Kaur Dinesh Singh Martolia Umeshwar Pandey Yashwant Kumar Rao Department of Community Medicine Government Medical College Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery LPS Institute of Cardiology Department of Endocrinology Regency Hospital Pvt. Ltd. University institute of Health sciences Chatrapati Shahuji Maharaj University Department of Community Medicine GSVM Medical College Department of Cardiology LPS Institute of Cardiology Department of Pediatrics GSVM Medical College

AIM: To assess the correlation between blood pressure levels and fasting plasma glucose levels among young adults attending Chatrapati Shahuji Maharaj University, Kanpur, ***: The present study was cross-sectional in nature, conducted among students in the institute of paramedical sciences, Chatrapati Shahuji Maharaj University, Kanpur. Study subjects included 185 young adults. Among them, 94 were males and 91 were females, in the age group 17 to 19 ***: Mean age among males was 18.5 ± 1.5 years and among females was 17.9 ± 1.8 years. Of the total 185 study subjects, 61(32.9%) were classified as pre-diabetic and 20(10.8%) as pre-hypertensive. Mean waist circumference, systolic blood pressure and serum high density lipoprotein did not vary significantly between normoglycemic and pre-diabetic subjects. However, the mean diastolic blood pressure of pre-diabetics(82 ± 5 mm Hg) was significantly higher than normoglycemics(79 ± 6 mm Hg). Mean serum cholesterol, serum triglycerides, serum low density lipoprotein(LDL) and serum very low density lipoprotein was also higher among pre-diabetic subjects in comparison to normoglycemic subjects and the difference was statistically significant. Upon multiple linear regression analysis, it was observed that body mass index(BMI)(β = 0.149), diastolic blood pressure(β = 0.375) and serum LDL(β = 0.483) were significantly associated with fasting plasma glucose. Multiple linear regression with diastolic blood pressure as the outcome variable showed that BMI(β = 0.219), fasting blood glucose(β = 0.247) and systolic blood pressure(β = 0.510) were significantly ***: A significant prevalence of pre-diabetes and pre-hypertension in young adults is a matter of concern therefore all young adults need to be targeted for screening of diabetes and hypertension and lifestyle modification.

关键词： Adolescent Hypertension Diabetes Coprevalence India

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Comparison of Using an Electronic System and Conventional Monitoring Method for Monitoring the Quality of Drinking Water and Defects Discovery in Rural Area Water Distribution Network of Abarkouh, Iran

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Health 2015年第1期7卷 35-40页

作者： Reza Ali Fallahzadeh Maryam Gholami Elham Madreseh Mohammad Taghi Ghaneian Mohamad Hadi Farahzadi Ali Akbar Askarnejad Shahram Sadeghi Department of Environmental Health Engineering School of Public Health Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences Yazd Iran Department of Environmental Health Engineering Abarkouh Paramedical School Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences Yazd Iran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Neuroscience School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Abarkouh Health Network Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences Yazd Iran Department of Environmental Health Engineering School of Public Health Student Research Committee Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences Sanandaj Iran

The used water for human consumption must be free of microorganisms and chemicals that cause risk in the human health. In this study, water quality of 18 rural area of Abarkouh was determined and compared the conventional monitoring method (According to ISIR (institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran), 1053 and 4208) and use of electronic system method (Patent in industrial property general office of Iran, 77815). Free chlorine monitoring and pH test done by health workers in the conventional method and the results will be sent to the Health Network monthly. Sampling for microbiological testing is done monthly based on population (According to ISIR, 4208). On the electronic system, the procedure is also done by health workers, but the result will be sent to the receiver device by using a cell phone. According to the chlorine test results if the free chlorine residual reported zero, microbiological sampling was done by a health expert. Finally, the number of chlorine test and microbiological sampling and the results of these experiments collected in the both methods and recorded in SPSS 22 then were analyzed by using chi-square test and Fisher exact test. The result of microbiological experiments shows that the sampling rate decreased 29% in using of electronic system method in comparison to the conventional monitoring method while the number of microbial defect detection increased 19% in drinking water networks monitoring by electronic system. Using of electronic system monitoring can reduce the rate and cost of microbiological sampling and its experiments and increase accuracy of these tests, in this way it will increase the quality and safety of drinking water in distribution network in small and dispersed rural communities.

关键词： Water Distribution Network Monitoring Microbiological Experiments Water Quality Rural Area

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Strategic planning and designing of a hospital disaster manual in a tertiary care, teaching, research and referral institute in India

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2014年第1期5卷 35-41页

作者： Shweta Talati Prateek Bhatia Ashok Kumar A.K.Gupta Col.D Ojha Department of Hospital Administration Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Department of Pediatrics Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research All India institute of Medical sciences

BACKGROUND: As per the "Disaster Management Act, 2005" of India, it is mandatory for government hospitals in India to prepare a disaster plan. This study aimed to prepare a disaster manual of a 1 900 bed tertiary care hospital, in consultation and involvement of all concerned ***: A committee of members from hospital administration, clinical, diagnostic and supportive departments worked on an initial document prepared according to the Act and gave their inputs to frame a final disaster ***: The prepared departmental standard operating procedures involved 116 people(doctors and paramedical staff), and were then synchronized, in 12 committee meetings, to produce the final hospital disaster ***: The present disaster manual is one of the few comprehensive plans prepared by the stakeholders of a government hospital in India, who themselves form a part of the disaster response team. It also helped in co-ordinated conduction of mock drills.

关键词： Disaster Management Act Disaster manual Hospital administration Stakeholders Mock drills

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Nurses’perceptions about neonatal intensive care units providing family-centered care are associated with skin-to-skin contact implementation

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Pediatric Investigation 2024年第1期8卷 61-65页

作者： Marilyn Aita Gwenaëlle De Clifford-Faugère Geneviève Laporte Sébastien Colson Nancy Feeley Faculty of Nursing Universitéde MontréalMontrealCanada CHU Sainte-Justine Research Centre MontrealCanada Quebec Network on Nursing Intervention Research MontrealCanada Faculty of Medical and paramedical sciences CEReSSAix-Marseille UniversitéMarseilleFrance Ingram School of Nursing McGill UniversityMontrealCanada Centre for Nursing Research and Lady Davis institute Jewish General HospitalMontrealCanada

Skin-to-skin contact(SSC)consists of positioning the diaper-clad infant against the parent’s chest and is considered a nursing practice rooted in family-centered care(FCC).1 SSC implies simultaneous parental presence and helps to facilitate their involvement from the earliest hours of their preterm infants’lives as this intervention is delivered by parents.1 FCC has gained worldwide popularity in recent years to promote parental presence and active participation of parents in care during neonatal intensive care units(NICUs)hospitalization.2 Both practices relate to developmental care(DC),which regroups specific interventions aimed at reducing stress and improving infant neurological development.

关键词： centered gained Skin

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Mucormycosis during COVID-19 era:A retrospective assessment

Infectious Medicine

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Infectious Medicine 2024年第2期3卷 10-23页

作者： Tuhin Mukherjee Tanisha Das Sourav Basak Satyajit Mohanty Krishnendu Adhikary Prity Chatterjee Rajkumar Maiti Prithviraj Karak Department of Advanced Pharmacology Birla Institute of TechnologyMesraRanchi 835215JharkhandIndia School of Pharmaceutical sciences(SPS) Siksha’O’Anusandhan UniversityBhubaneswar 751003OdishaIndia Department of Pharmacy Guru Ghasidas Central UniversityBilaspur 495009ChhattisgarhIndia Department of Interdisciplinary Science Centurion University of Technology&ManagementOdisha 761211India Department of Biotechnology Paramedical College DurgapurWest Bengal 713212India Department of Physiology Bankura Christian CollegeBankuraWest Bengal 722101India

In a retrospective view,this review examines the impact of mucormycosis on health workers and researchers during the COVID *** diagnostic and treatment challenges arising from unestablished underlying pathology and limited case studies add strain to healthcare ***,caused by environmental molds,poses a significant threat to COVID-19 patients,particularly those with comorbidities and compromised immune *** to a variety of infectious Mucorales causes and regionally related risk factors,the disease’s inci-dence is rising *** on mucormycosis remains scarce in many countries,highlighting the urgent need for more extensive research on its epidemiology and *** review explores the associations between COVID-19 disease and mucormycosis pathology,shedding light on potential future diagnostic techniques based on the fungal agent’s biochemical *** used in ICUs and for life support in ventilated patients have been reported,revealing the challenge of managing this dual *** develop more effective treatment strategies,it is crucial to identify novel pharmacological targets through“pragmatic”multicenter trials and *** the absence of positive mycology culture data,early clinical detection,prompt treatment,and tissue biopsy are essential to confirm the specific morphologic features of the fungal *** review delves into the history,pathogens,and pathogenesis of mucormycosis,its opportunistic nature in COVID or immunocompromised individuals,and the latest advancements in ***,it offers a forward-looking perspective on potential pharmacological targets for future drug development.

关键词： COVID-19 Mucormycosis Fungal agents Pandemic

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