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Multi‑omics integration identifies regulatory factors underlying bovine subclinical mastitis

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 987-1007页

作者： Mengqi Wang Naisu Yang Mario Laterriere David Gagne Faith Omonijo Eveline M.Ibeagha‑Awemu Agriculture and Agri‑Food Canada Sherbrooke Research and Development CentreSherbrookeQCCanada Department of Animal Science Universite LavalQuebec CityQCCanada Quebec research and development centre Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaQuebec CityQCCanada

Background Mastitis caused by multiple factors remains one of the most common and costly disease of the dairy ***-omics approaches enable the comprehensive investigation of the complex interactions between mul-tiple layers of information to provide a more holistic view of disease ***,this study investigated the genomic and epigenomic signatures and the possible regulatory mechanisms underlying subclinical mastitis by integrating RNA sequencing data(mRNA and lncRNA),small RNA sequencing data(miRNA)and DNA methylation sequencing data of milk somatic cells from 10 healthy cows and 20 cows with naturally occurring subclinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Staphylococcus *** Functional investigation of the data sets through gene set analysis uncovered 3458 biological process GO terms and 170 KEGG pathways with altered activities during subclinical mastitis,provided further insights into subclin-ical mastitis and revealed the involvement of multi-omics signatures in the altered immune responses and impaired mammary gland productivity during subclinical *** abundant genomic and epigenomic signatures with sig-nificant alterations related to subclinical mastitis were observed,including 30,846,2552,1276 and 57 differential methylation haplotype blocks(dMHBs),differentially expressed genes(DEGs),lncRNAs(DELs)and miRNAs(DEMs),***,5 factors presenting the principal variation of differential multi-omics signatures were *** important roles of Factor 1(DEG,DEM and DEL)and Factor 2(dMHB and DEM),in the regulation of immune defense and impaired mammary gland functions during subclinical mastitis were *** of the omics within Factors 1 and 2 explained about 20%of the source of variation in subclinical ***,networks of impor-tant functional gene sets with the involvement of multi-omics signatures were demonstrated,which contributed to a comprehensive view of the possible regu

关键词： Candidate discriminant multi-omics signature Gene Long non-coding RNA Methylation haplotype block MicroRNA Multi-omics integration Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity pathway Staphylococcus aureus infection pathway

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Study of plasma parameters of coaxial plasma source using triple Langmuir probe and Faraday cup diagnostics

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第4期26卷 94-100页

作者： Sunil KANCHI Rohit SHUKLA Archana SHARMA Pulsed Power and Electromagnetics Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreVisakhapatnam 531011India Homi Bhabha National Institute Mumbai 400085India Beam Technology development Group Bhabha Atomic Research CentreMumbai 400085India

Coaxial plasma guns are a type of plasma source that produces plasma which propagates radially and axially controlled by the shape of the ground electrode, which has attracted much interest in several applications. In this work, a 120° opening angle of CPG nozzle is used as a plasma gun configuration that operates at the energy of 150 J. The ionization of polyethylene insulator between the electrodes of the gun produces a cloud of hydrogen and carbon *** triple Langmuir probe and Faraday cup are used to measure plasma density and plasma temperature. These methods are used to measure the on-axis and off-axis plasma divergence of the coaxial plasma gun. The peak values of ion densities measured at a distance of 25 mm on-axis from the plasma gun are(1.6±0.5)×10^(19)m^(-3)and(2.8±0.6)×10^(19)m^(-3)for hydrogen and carbon plasma respectively and the peak temperature is 3.02±0.5 eV. The mean propagation velocity of plasma is calculated using the transit times of plasma at different distances from the plasma gun and is found to be 4.54±0.25 cm/μs and 1.81±0.18 cm/μs for hydrogen and carbon plasma respectively. The Debye radius is obtained from the measured experimental data that satisfies the thin sheath approximation. The shot-to-shot stability of plasma parameters facilitates the use of plasma guns in laboratory experiments. These types of plasma sources can be used in many applications like plasma opening switches, plasma devices, and as plasma sources.

关键词： coaxial plasma source triple Langmuir probe Faraday cup plasma density plasma temperature

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Green hydrogen energy production:current status and potential

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Clean Energy 2024年第2期8卷 1-7页

作者： Ali O.M.Maka Mubbashar Mehmood The Libyan centre for research and development of Saharian Communities MurzuqLibya School of Engineering and Physical Sciences Heriot-Watt UniversityEdinburghEH144ASUK

The technique of producing hydrogen by utilizing green and renewable energy sources is called green hydrogen ***,by implementing this technique,hydrogen will become a sustainable and clean energy source by lowering greenhouse gas emissions and reducing our reliance on fossil *** key benefit of producing green hydrogen by utilizing green energy is that no harmful pollutants or greenhouse gases are directly released throughout the ***,to guarantee all of the environmental advantages,it is crucial to consider the entire hydrogen supply chain,involving storage,transportation and end *** is a promising clean energy source and targets plan pathways towards decarbonization and net-zero emissions by *** paper has highlighted the techniques for generating green hydrogen that are needed for a clean environment and sustainable energy ***,it summarizes an overview,outlook and energy transient of green hydrogen ***,its perspective provides new insights and research directions in order to accelerate the development and identify the potential of green hydrogen production.

关键词： green hydrogen energy hydrogen production energy transition clean energy perspective of green hydrogen

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Studies on the temporal,structural,and interacting features of the clubroot resistance gene Rcr1 using CRISPR/Cas9-based systems

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第4期10卷 1035-1048页

作者： Hao Hu Fengqun Yu Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Saskatoon Research and Development Centre107 Science PlaceSaskatoonSKS7N OX2Canada

Clubroot disease is a severe threat to Brassica crops globally,particularly in western *** resistance,achieved through pyramiding clubroot resistance(CR)genes with different modes of action,is the most important strategy for managing the ***,studies on the CR gene functions are quite *** this study,we have conducted investigations into the temporal,structural,and interacting features of a newly cloned CR gene,Rcr1,using CRISPR/Cas9 *** temporal functionality,we developed a novel CRISPR/Cas9-based binary vector,pHHIGR-Hsp18.2,to deliver Rcr1 into a susceptible canola line(DH12075)and observed that early expression of Rcr1 is critical for conferring *** structural functionality,several independent mutations in specific domains of Rcr1 resulted in loss-offunction,highlighting their importance for CR *** the study of the interacting features of Rcr1,a cysteine protease gene and its homologous allele in canola were successfully disrupted via CRISPR/Cas9 as an interacting component with Rcr1 protein,resulting in the conversion from clubroot resistant to susceptible in plants carrying intact *** results indicated an indispensable role of these two cysteine proteases in Rcr1-mediated resistance *** study,the first of its kind,provides valuable insights into the functionality of ***,the new vector p HHIGR-Hsp18.2 demonstrated an inducible feature on the removal of add-on traits,which should be useful for functional genomics and other similar research in brassica crops.

关键词： Clubroot resistance Brassica crops Canola Rcr1 CRISPR/Cas9 system Gene knock-out Timing control Non-synonymous mutation Protein-protein interaction

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Design of Resilient Sensor Networks Balancing Resilience and Efficiency

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第1期15卷 107-115页

作者： Sergey N.Vecherin Kiril D.Ratmanski Luke Hogewood Igor Linkov Cold Regions research and Engineering Laboratory Engineering Research and Development CenterHanoverNH 03755USA Environmental Laboratory Engineering Research and Development CenterVicksburgMS 39180USA

In recent years,the notion of resilience has been developed and applied in many technical areas,becoming exceptionally pertinent to disaster risk *** a disaster situation,accurate sensing information is the key to efficient recovery *** general,resilience aims to minimize the impact of disruptions to systems through the fast recovery of critical functionality,but resilient design may require redundancy and could increase *** this article,we describe a method based on binary linear programming for sensor network design balancing efficiency with *** application of the developed framework is demonstrated for the case of interior building surveillance utilizing infrared sensors in both twoand three-dimensional *** method provides optimal sensor placement,taking into account critical functionality and a desired level of resilience and considering sensor type and *** problem formulation,resilience requirements,and application of the optimization algorithm are described in *** of sensor locations with and without resilience requirements shows that resilient configuration requires redundancy in number of sensors and their intelligent *** tasks are successfully solved by the described method,which can be applied to strengthen the resilience of sensor networks by *** proposed methodology is suitable for large-scale optimization problems with many sensors and extensive coverage areas.

关键词： Binary linear programming Optimal sensor placement Redundant networks Resilience and efciency Resilient sensor networks

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Comprehending drivers of land use land cover change from 1999 to 2021 in the Pithoragarh District,Kumaon Himalaya,Uttarakhand,India

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第7期21卷 2394-2407页

作者： Mahika PHARTIYAL Sanjeev SHARMA centre for the Study of Regional development Jawaharlal Nehru UniversityNew Delhi 110067India

The Himalayan region has been experiencing stark impacts of climate change,demographic and livelihood pattern *** analysis of land use and land cover(LULC)change provides insights into the shifts in spatial and temporal patterns of *** changes are the combined effects of anthropogenic and natural/climatic *** present study attempts to monitor and comprehend the main drivers behind LULC changes(1999-2021)in the Himalayan region of Pithoragarh district,*** district is a border district,remotely located in the north-east region of Uttarakhand,*** study draws upon primary and secondary data sources.A total of 400 household surveys and five group discussions from 38 villages were conducted randomly to understand the climate perception of the local community and the drivers of *** imagery,CRU(Climatic research Unit)climate data and climate perception data from the field have been used to comprehensively comprehend,analyze,and discuss the trends and reasons for LULC *** and remote sensing techniques were used to construct LULC *** multifaceted approach ensures comprehensive and corroborated *** classes were identified and formed viz-cultivation,barren,settlement,snow,and *** show that vegetation and builtup have increased whereas cultivation,barren land,and snow cover have *** study further aims to elucidate the causes behind LULC changes in the spatially heterogeneous region,distinguishing between those attributed to human activities,climate shifts,and the interconnected impacts of *** study provides a comprehensive picture of the study area and delivers a targeted understanding of local drivers and their potential remedies by offering a foundation for formulating sustainable adaptation policies in the region.

关键词： Himalayan region Land use/land cover change Anthropogenic factors Climate change Socioecological system

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Analysis method and experimental study of ice accumulation detection signal based on Lamb waves

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第8期37卷 388-403页

作者： Yanxin ZHANG Hongjian ZHANG Xian YI Binrui WU Xianlei GUAN Jianjun XIONG Key Laboratory of Icing and Anti/De-icing China Aerodynamics Research and Development CenterMianyang 621000China State Key Laboratory of Aerodynamics China Aerodynamics Research and Development CenterMianyang 621000China

A quantitative identification method for in-flight icing has the capability to significantly enhance the safety of aircraft *** guided waves have the unique advantage of detecting icing in a relatively large area,but quantitative identification of ice layers is a *** this paper,a quantitative identification method of ice accumulation based on ultrasonic guided waves is ***,a simulation model for the wave dynamics of piezoelectric coupling in three dimensions is established to analyze the propagation characteristics of Lamb waves in a structure consisting of an aluminum plate and an ice *** wavelet transform method is utilized to extract the Time of Flight(ToF)or Time of Delay(ToD)of S_(0)/B_(1) mode waves,which serves as a characteristic parameter to precisely determine and assess the level of ice ***,an experimental system is developed to evaluate the feasibility of Lamb waves-based icing real-time detection in the presence of spray ***,a combination of the Hampel median filter and the moving average filter is developed to analyze ToF/ToD *** simulation results reveal a positive correlation between geometric dimensions(length,width,thickness)of the ice layer and ToF/ToD of B1 mode waves,indicating their potential as indicators for quantifying ice *** results of real-time icing detection indicate that ToF/ToD will reach greater peak values with the growth of the arbitrary-shaped ice layer until saturation to effectively predict the simulation *** study lays a foundation for the practical application of quantitative icing detection via ultrasonic guided waves.

关键词： Ice Ice accumulation Ultrasonic sensor Ultrasonic guided wave Lamb wave Wavelet transform

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Fine description of unconventional clastic oil reservoirs

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Petroleum research 2024年第2期9卷 289-303页

作者： Huanqing Chen research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&development PetroChinaChina

The latest researches reveal that studies on unconventional clastic oil reservoirs in China generally lag far behind those in other countries in respect of content and *** study presents the definition and classification of unconventional oil reservoirs and analyzes the problems in the fine description of unconventional oil *** key content of the fine description of unconventional oil reservoirs is summarized from four aspects:fine fracture characterization based on fine structure interpretation,reservoir architecture characterization based on sedimentary facies,characteristics of nanoscale microscopic pore structure of reservoir,and evaluation of source rock and“sweet spot zone”.Finally,this study suggests that development of fine description of unconventional clastic oil reservoirs in the future should focus on rock brittleness analysis and fracture modeling,geophysical characterization of unconventional clastic oil reservoirs,fluid description of tight reservoirs,and physical/numerical simulation experiments of unconventional oil reservoirs.

关键词： Unconventional clastic reservoir Fine reservoir description Oil sand Tight oilShale oil Fracture characterization Nanoscale microscopic pore structure Sweet spot

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Application of sparse S transform network with knowledge distillation in seismic attenuation delineation

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Petroleum Science 2024年第4期21卷 2345-2355页

作者： Nai-Hao Liu Yu-Xin Zhang Yang Yang Rong-Chang Liu Jing-Huai Gao Nan Zhang School of Information and Communications Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Software Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University PetroChina research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and development (RIPED) CNPC research Institute of Exploration and development Yumen Oilfield Company CNPC

Time-frequency analysis is a successfully used tool for analyzing the local features of seismic ***, it suffers from several inevitable limitations, such as the restricted time-frequency resolution,the difficulty in selecting parameters, and the low computational efficiency. Inspired by deep learning,we suggest a deep learning-based workflow for seismic time-frequency analysis. The sparse S transform network(SSTNet) is first built to map the relationship between synthetic traces and sparse S transform spectra, which can be easily pre-trained by using synthetic traces and training labels. Next, we introduce knowledge distillation(KD) based transfer learning to re-train SSTNet by using a field data set without training labels, which is named the sparse S transform network with knowledge distillation(KD-SSTNet).In this way, we can effectively calculate the sparse time-frequency spectra of field data and avoid the use of field training labels. To test the availability of the suggested KD-SSTNet, we apply it to field data to estimate seismic attenuation for reservoir characterization and make detailed comparisons with the traditional time-frequency analysis methods.

关键词： S transform Deep learning Knowledge distillation Transfer learning Seismic attenuation delineation

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Characteristics and genesis of tuffaceous shale oil lithofacies:A case study of Lucaogou Formation in Santanghu Basin

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Petroleum research 2024年第1期9卷 37-47页

作者： Dongsheng Xiao Xiong fei Xu Jilun Kang Yiting Zhang PetroChina Tuha Oilfield Company Exploration and development research Institute China

Lucaogou Formation in the Santanghu Basin is a special lacustrine fine-grained sedimentary deposits rich in volcanic debris and carbonate,with abundant shale oil ***,understanding of shale oil characteristics and genesis remains ***,sedimentary environment,and formation mechanisms of tuffaceous shale oil are investigated based on core and thin section observations,X-ray diffraction,field emission SEM and geochemical *** show that three mixed lithofacies types are developed in Lucaogou Formation:blocky tuff,laminated tuffaceous dolomite,and laminated dolomitic *** lithofacies types are characterized by high content of felsic and dolostone,widespread organic matter,and low clay *** of tuffaceous shale oil sweet spots is primarily influenced by four factors:inputting of volcanic ash as a high-quality source rocks and reservoirs provides good material basis;devitrification of volcanic glass,calcitization,and dissolution are crucial for formation of reservoirs;expulsion of source rocks with high-abundance organic matter expulsion facilitates migration and accumulation of hydrocarbon in adjacent reservoirs;fracture development improves reservoir permeability to form highly productive sweet *** analyzing characteristics and genesis of tuffaceous shale oil,the main controlling factors of reservoir physical property and oil saturation are clarified,which is of great significance for selection of shale oil exploration zones.

关键词： shale oil Tuffaceous Formation mechanism Lucaogou formation Santanghu basin

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