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Cytological study on haploid male fertility in maize

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第11期21卷 3158-3168页

作者： YANG Ji-wei LIU Zong-hua QU Yan-zhi ZHANG Ya-zhou LI Hao-chuan College of Agronomy Henan Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science/Henan Grain Crop Collaborative Innovation CenterZhengzhou 450046P.R.China institute of cereal crops Henan Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhou 450002P.R.China

Doubled haploid(DH)breeding technology,which relies on haploid genome doubling,is widely used in commercial maize *** haploid genome doubling(SHGD),a more simplified and straightforward method,is gaining popularity among maize ***,the cytological mechanism of SHGD remains *** study crossed inbred lines RL36 and RL7,which have differing SHGD abilities,with inducer line YHI-1 to obtain haploid *** meiotic processes of pollen mother cells(PMCs)in the haploid plants were compared with diploid *** results suggested that three main pathways,the early doubling of haploid PMCs,the first meiotic metaphase chromosomal segregation distortion,and anomaly of the second meiosis,are responsible for ***,flow cytometry analysis of ploidy levels in leaves and PMCs from haploids and diploid controls revealed that somatic cell chromosome doubling and germ cell chromosome doubling are independent *** findings provide a foundation for further studies on the underlying mechanism of SHGD,aiding the application of DH technology in maize breeding practices.

关键词： maize haploid male fertility spontaneous genome doubling meiosis

Effects of Different Selenium Application Methods on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Biofortification and Nutritional Quality

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2020年第2期89卷 423-435页

作者： Yong Liang Yuexing Chen Dong Liu Jianping Cheng Gang Zhao Tzion Fahima Jun Yan Key Laboratory of Coarse cereal Processing in Ministry of Agriculture School of Pharmacy and BioengineeringChengdu UniversityChengdu610106China College of Science Sichuan Agricultural UniversityYaan625014China institute of Triticeae crops Guizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China institute of Evolution University of HaifaHaifa31905Israel

Mineral nutrient malnutrition,especially deficiency in selenium(Se),affects the health of approximately 1 billion people ***,a staple food crop,plays an important role in producing Se-enriched foodstuffs to increase the Se intake of *** study aimed to evaluate the effects of different Se application methods on grain yield and nutritional quality,grain Se absorption and accumulation,as well as 14 other trace elements concentrations in wheat grains.A sand culture experiment was conducted via a completely randomized 3×2×1 factorial scheme(three Se levels×two methods of Se application,foliar or soil×one Se sources,selenite),with two wheat cultivars(Guizi No.1,Chinese Spring).The results showed that both foliar Se and soil Se application methods had effects on wheat *** Se application resulted in early flowering of wheat,while soil Se application caused early flowering of wheat at low Se levels(5 mg kg^(−1))and delayed wheat flowering at high selenium levels(10 mg kg^(−1)),*** trace elements,human essential trace elements(Fe,Zn,Mn,Cu,Cr,Mo,Co and Ni)concentrations in wheat grains were dependent of Se applica-tion methods and wheat ***,toxic trace elements(Cd,Pb,Hg,As,Li and Al)concentrations can be decreased by both methods,indicating a possible antagonistic ***,both methods increased Se concentrations,and improved grain yield and nutritional quality,while the foliar application was better than ***,this study provided useful information concerning nutritional biofortification of wheat,indicating that it is feasible to apply Se to conduct Se biofortification,inhibit the heavy metal elements concentrations and improve yield and quality in crops,which caused human health benefits.

关键词： Selenium grain yield and nutritional quality trace elements wheat biofortification

Response of seed yield and fatty acid compositions for some sunflower genotypes to plant spacing and nitrogen fertilization

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2017年第3期4卷 241-252页

作者： Mohamed Ali Abd EL-Satar Asmaa Abd-EL-Halime Ahmed Tamer Hassan Ali Hassan Oil crops Research Department Field Crops Research InstituteAgricultural Research Center9 El-Gamaa St.GizaEgypt

A field experiment was conducted at the experiment Farm of Kafr-El-Hamam Research Station,Zagazig,Sharkia Governorate,Agricultural Research Center,Egypt during the two successive summer seasons of 2015 and 2016 to achieve the highest yield and good oil quality of three tested sunflower *** both seasons,the experiment was conducted using the split split plot design in randomized complete block design with three replicates arrangement keeping plant spaces(15,20 and 25 cm apart between hills)in main plots,nitrogen fertilization levels(15,30 and 45 N fad.^-1)in sub plots and sunflower genotypes(Giza 102,Sakha 53 and promising line of L120)in sub sub *** and quality traits were significantly influenced by plant spaces,nitrogen fertilization levels and genotypes as well as interactions in both seasons and their combined *** wider plant spacing of 25 cm seems to be a good compromise between the highest seed yield fad.^-1 and good acid composition of *** increasing of nitrogen fertilization level had a positive reflected on yield and desirable acid composition of *** 53 was ranked in the first order in stem diameter,head diameter,100-seed weight,seed weight plant^-1,flowered late and hence seed yield fad.^-1 as well as seed oil content whereas,Giza 102 characterized with its contained the highest proportion of oleic and linoleic unsaturated fatty *** highest values of head diameter,100-seed weight,seed weight plant^-1 and hence seed yield fad.^-1 as well as the highest proportion of oleic and linoleic unsaturated fatty acids composition were obtained by grown sunflower *** 53 at wider spacing of 25 cm with application of nitrogen fertilization levels of 45 N fad.^-*** and path analyses revealed that 100-seed weight and head diameter had the highest direct and indirect influence on seed weight plant1,at the same time also,oleic acid content and linoleic acid content had the highest direct and indirect effect inf

关键词： Sunflower Plant spacing Nitrogen fertilization Genotypes Seed yield Fatty acids

Molecular Analysis and Expression Patterns of Four 14-3-3 Genes from Brassica napus L.

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2010年第7期9卷 942-950页

作者： ZHAN Gao-miao,TONG Jin,WANG Han-zhong and HUA Wei Key Laboratory for Biological Sciences of Oil crops,Ministry of Agriculture/Oil crops Research institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430062,P.R.China [a] Key Laboratory for Biological Sciences of Oil crops Ministry of Agriculture/Oil Crops Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Wuhan 430062 P.R. China

In eukaryotes,14-3-3 proteins constitute a family of ubiquitous regulatory *** play very important roles in many cell ***,their enconding genes and roles in plants remain to be *** this paper,four 14-3-3 genes from Brassica napus *** obtained by randomly sequencing a full-length cDNA library and named as Bn1433-1-4 *** phylogenetic comparison with Arabidopsis 14-3-3 family showed that Bn1433-1 and Bn1433-2 belonged to Episilon group while Bn1433-3 and Bn1433-4 belonged to non-Episilon *** transcript levels of four Bn1433 genes were analyzed in different organs,various stress conditions and some hormone treatments by real-time *** result showed that all the Bn1433s were expressed constitutively in roots,stems,leaves and immature seeds except that Bn1433-4 exhibited strong expression in immature seeds of 14 and 28 DAF（day after flowering）.By the analysis of real-time PCR,different expression patterns of Bn1433s were studied in various stress conditions and hormone *** was suggested that the functions of Bn1433s are diverse and they are involved in the regulation of various stresses and hormones treatments.

关键词： 14-3-3 expression pattem abiotic stress Brassica napus L.

The water-saving potential of using micro-sprinkling irrigation for winter wheat production on the North China Plain

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第6期20卷 1687-1700页

作者： ZHAI Li-chao LU Li-hua DONG Zhi-qiang ZHANG Li-hua ZHANG Jing-ting JIA Xiu-ling ZHANG Zheng-bin institute of cereal and Oil crops Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in the North ChinaMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsShijiazhuang 050035P.R.China Center for Agricultural Resources Research Institute of Genetics and Development BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesShijiazhuang 050021P.R.China

The shortage of groundwater resources is a considerable challenge for winter wheat production on the North China ***-saving technologies and procedures are thus urgently *** determine the water-saving potential of using micro-sprinkling irrigation(MSI)for winter wheat production,field experiments were conducted from 2012 to *** to traditional flooding irrigation(TFI),micro-sprinkling thrice with 90 mm water(MSI1)and micro-sprinkling four times with 120 mm water(MSI2)increased the water use efficiency by 22.5 and 16.2%,respectively,while reducing evapotranspiration by 17.6 and 10.8%.Regardless of the rainfall pattern,MSI(i.e.,MSI1 or MSI2)either stabilized or significantly increased the grain yield,while reducing irrigation water volumes by 20–40%,compared to *** the same volumes of irrigation water,MSI(i.e.,MSI3,micro-sprinkling five times with 150 mm water)increased the grain yield and water use efficiency of winter wheat by 4.6 and 11.7%,respectively,compared to *** MSI could supply irrigation water more frequently in smaller amounts each time,it reduced soil layer compaction,and may have also resulted in a soil water deficit that promoted the spread of roots into the deep soil layer,which is beneficial to photosynthetic production in the critical *** conclusion,MSI1 or MSI2 either stabilized or significantly increased grain yield while reducing irrigation water volumes by 20–40%compared to TFI,and should provide water-saving technological support in winter wheat production for smallholders on the North China Plain.

关键词： winter wheat grain yield water use efficiency micro-sprinkling irrigation traditional flooding irrigation water-saving potential

Stable major QTL on chromosomes A07 and A08 increase shelling percentage in peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)

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The Crop Journal 2022年第3期10卷 820-829页

作者： Weitao Li Nian Liu Li Huang Yuning Chen Jianbin Guo Bolun Yu Huaiyong Luo Xiaojing Zhou Dongxin Huai Weigang Chen Liying Yan Xin Wang Yong Lei Boshou Liao Huifang Jiang Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil crops Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsOil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430062HubeiChina

Peanut is a major oilseed and food *** percentage(SP),closely associated with seed yield,is a trait whose improvement is a major goal of peanut *** this study,a mapping population(Xuhua 13×Zhonghua 6)was used to map quantitative trait loci(QTL)controlling SP in four *** stable major QTL for SP were mapped on both SSR-and SNP-based genetic maps.q SPA07.1 on chromosome A07 explained up to 31.7%of phenotypic variation,and q SPA08.2 on chromosome A08 explained up to 10.8%.Favorable alleles of q SPA07.1 and q SPA08.2 were derived from the female and male parents,*** recombinant inbred lines(RILs)carrying both favorable alleles showed superiority in SP over the two parents in all environmental trials.A combination of the two favorable alleles using the linked markers was verified to increase SP by~5%in the RIL population and by~3%SP in diverse peanut cultivars.q SPA07.1 and q SPA08.2 were delimited to respectively a 0.73-Mb interval harboring 96 genes and a 3.93-Mb interval harboring 238 *** five and eight genes with high expression in pods,including enzymes and transcription factors,were assigned as candidate genes for q SPA07.1 and q *** consistent major QTL provide an opportunity for fine mapping of genes controlling SP,and the linked markers may be useful for genetic improvement of SP in peanut.

关键词： Peanut Shelling percentage QTL mapping Genomic region Candidate genes InDel marker

Molecular dynamics of pre-germinative metabolism in primed eggplant(Solanum melongena L.)seeds

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 1599-1610页

作者： Chiara Forti Valentino Ottobrino Laura Bassolino Laura Toppino Giuseppe Leonardo Rotino Andrea Pagano Anca Macovei Alma Balestrazzi Department of Biology and Biotechnology‘Lazzaro Spallanzani’ University of PaviaPaviaItaly CREA-Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics Montanaso LombardoLOItaly CREA-Research Centre for cereal and Industrial crops BolognaItaly institute of Plant Genetics Polish Academy of SciencesPoznanPoland

Seed priming,a pre-sowing technique that enhances the antioxidant/DNA repair activities during the pre-germinative metabolism,still retains empirical *** explore for the first time the molecular dynamics of pre-germinative metabolism in primed eggplant(Solanum melongena L.)seeds in order to identify hallmarks(expression patterns of antioxidant/DNA repair genes combined with free radical profiles)useful to discriminate between high-and lowquality *** hydropriming protocol hereby developed anticipated(or even rescued)germination,when applied to lots with variable ***(reactive oxygen species)raised during hydropriming and dropped after *** of antioxidant/DNA repair genes was observed during hydropriming and the subsequent *** of SmOGG1(8-oxoguanine glycosylase/lyase)gene detected in primed seeds at 2 h of imbibition appeared as a promising *** the basis of these results,the investigation was restricted within the first 2 h of imbibition,to verify whether the molecular landscape was reproducible in different lots.A complex pattern of antioxidant/DNA repair gene expression emerged,reflecting the preponderance of seed lot-specific *** the low-quality eggplant seeds subjected to hydropriming showed enhanced ROS levels,both in the dry and imbibed state,and this might be a useful signature to discriminate among *** plasticity of eggplant pre-germinative metabolism stimulated by priming imposes a plethora of heterogeneous molecular responses that might delay the search for quality ***,the information hereby gained could be translated to eggplant wild relatives to speed-up their use in breeding programs or other agronomical applications.

关键词： metabolism dynamics gained

Combining Ability and Breeding Potential of Rapeseed Elite Lines for Pod Shatter Resistance

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第3期12卷 552-555页

作者： LIU Jia MEI De-sheng LI Yun-chang CUI Jia-cheng WANG Hui PENG Peng-fei FU Li HU Qiong Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil crops Ministry of Agriculture Oil Crops Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Pod shatter resistance of rapeseed is of great importance for modem farming practice. In order to determine the combining ability of elite inbred lines and the breeding potential of rapeseed hybrids in terms of pod shatter resistance, analysis of a 6×6 incomplete diallel cross was conducted at two locations. Results showed that a significant variation existed among breeding lines and their F1 hybrids for pod shatter resistant index （SRI）, pod length and width. Pod shatter resistance was significantly positively correlated with pod length. The general combining ability （GCA） effects （GCA=l.58） played a more important role than specific combining ability （SCA） effects （SCA=0.20） for pod shatter trait. The elite lines R1, 1019B and 1055B displayed significant positive GCA effects for pod shatter resistance. Four crosses （1019B×R1, 1015B×R1, 6098B×R1, and 8908B×R1） with high mean performance and positive SCA effects were recommended for developing new hybrids for mechanical harvest in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.

关键词： rapeseed pod shatter resistance elite lines breeding potential

Transgene directionally integrated into C-genome of Brassica napus

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2006年第13期51卷 1578-1585页

作者： LI Jun FANG Xiaoping WANG Zhuan LUO Lixia HU Qiong Key Laboratory of Oil crops Genetic Improvement of the Ministry of Agriculture Institute of Oil Crops Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Wuhan 430062 China

Integration of a transgene into a C-genome chromosome plays an important role in reducing ecological risk of transgenic Brassica napus To obtain C-genome transgenic B. napus, herbi- cide-resistant bar gene was firstly transferred into B. oleracea var. alboglabra mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404. Then using the trans- genic B. oleracea as paternal plants and 8 non- transgenic varieties of B. rapa as maternal plants, C- genome transgenic B. napus with bar gene was arti- ficially resynthesized by means of ovary culture and chromosome doubling. Among 67 lines of the resyn- thesized B. napus, 31 were positive, and 36 were negative according to PCR test for bar gene. At least 2 plants from each line were kept for PPT spray con- firmation. The result was in consistence with the PCR test. Genomic Southern blotting of three randomly chosen lines also showed that bar gene had been integrated into the genome of resynthesized B. napus lines.

关键词： C-染色体组 Bar基因定向转基因芸苔再合成