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Effects of Replacing Maize Silage with Silage Sweet Sorghum on Milk Production and Blood Biochemical Indexes of Dairy Cows

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2019年第3期8卷 87-91页

作者： Siwei WANG Kuiying LI Shaoqing SHI Feng ZHANG Kun WANG institute of cereal and Oil crops Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences

In order to study the effects of replacing different proportions of silage maize with silage sweet sorghum treated by different fermentation methods on the production performance and blood biochemical indexes of dairy cows,25 Chinese Holstein lactating cows were randomly divided into 5 groups,5 in each *** control check (CK) was fed the basal diet;for the experimental group 1 and the experimental group 2,50% of the silage maize in the basal diet was replaced with the additive silage sweet sorghum and the conventional silage sweet sorghum,respectively;and as to the experimental group 3 and the experimental group 4,all the silage maize in the basal diet was replaced with additive silage sweet sorghum and conventional silage sweet sorghum,*** preliminary trial period was 7 d,and the trial period was 35 *** results showed that the experimental group 1 and the experimental group 3 had the dry matter intake significantly higher than that of the experimental group 2,the experimental group 4 and the CK ( P 0.05).It is feasible to use silage sweet sorghum to feed dairy cows,but the pro

关键词： Silage sweet sorghum Silage maize Additive Production performance Blood biochemical index Holstein cow

Association Analysis for Quality Traits in a Diverse Panel of Chinese Sesame(Sesamum indicum L.)Germplasm

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2013年第8期55卷 745-758页

作者： Wenliang Wei Yanxin Zhang Haixia Lü Donghua Li Linhai Wang Xiurong Zhang Oil crops Research institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of a sesame （Sesamum indicum L.） panel for association analysis, and investigate the genetic basis of oil content （OC）, protein content, oleic acid concentration, and linoleic acid concentration using association mapping. A panel of 216 sesame accessions was phenotyped in a multi-environment trial and fingerprinted with 608 polymorphic loci produced by 79 primers, including simple sequence repeats （SSRs）, sequence-related amplified polymorphisms （SRAPs）, and amplified fragment length polymorphisms （AFLPs）. Population structure analysis revealed two subgroups in the population. The Q model performed better for its ability to re-identify associations for the four traits at highly significant P-values compared to the other three mixed models. And a total of 35 and 25 associations for the four traits in 2010 and 2011 were identified, respectively, with the Q model after Bonferroni correction. Among those associations, only one for OC was re-identified in two environments, and several markers associated simultaneously with multiple traits were discovered. These results suggest the power and stability of the Q model for association analysis of nutritional traits in this sesame panel for its slight population stratification and familial relationship, which could aid in dissecting complex traits, and could help to develop strategies for improving nutritional quality.

关键词： Association mapping nutritional trait population structure Sesamum indicum L.

Molecular evidence for blocking erucic acid synthesis in rapeseed(Brassica napus L.) by a two-base-pair deletion in FAE1(fatty acid elongase 1)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第7期14卷 1251-1260页

作者： WU Lei JIA Yan-li WU Gang LU Chang-ming Oil crops Research institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture

DNA sequences of fatty acid elongase 1 genes FAE1.1 （EA） and FAE1.2 （Ec） were isolated and characterized for 30 com- mercialized low erucic acid rapeseed （LEAR） cultivars in China. Four types of independent mutation leading to low erucic acid trait were found, i.e., a single-base transition （eAl）, a two-base deletion （ec2） and four-base deletion （eC4） as well as single-base transition with a four-base deletion （eA.）. Three genotypes, i.e., eA1eA1eC2eC2, eA1eA1eC4eC4 and ***4ec4 were responsible for LEA content in storage Iipids of different rapeseed cultivars. Most of the LEAR cultivars had a genotype of eA1eA1ec2ec2, which were descended from the first LEAR cultivar, Oro. Yeast expression analysis revealed that two-base-pair （AA） deletion （ec2） at the base sites of 1 422-1 423 in the C genome FAE1 gene resulted in the absence of the condensing enzyme and led to the failure to produce erucic acid. Coexpression of FAE1 and ketoacyI-CoA reductase （KCR） or enoyI-CoA reductase （ECR） was found in high erucic acid rapeseed （HEAR） but not in LEAR （eA1eA1ec2ec2oreA1eA1ec4ec4）. Moreover, KCR and ECR were still coordinately regulated in eA1eA1ec2ec2 or eA1eA1ec4ec4 genotypes, suggesting that the expression of two genes was tightly linked. In addition, specific detection methods were developed by high-resolution melting curve analysis in order to detect eA1 and ec4.

关键词： erucic acid fatty acid elongase 1 natural mutation Brassica napus L.

Genetic dissection of root morphological traits as related to potassium use efficiency in rapeseed under two contrasting potassium levels by hydroponics

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2019年第6期62卷 746-757页

作者： Xiaoling Dun Jiaqin Shi Huiping Liu Jie Wang Xinfa Wang Hanzhong Wang Oil crops Research institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil crops Ministry of Agriculture

To reveal the genetic basis of potassium use efficiency(KUE) in rapeseed, root morphology(RM), biomass and KUE-related traits were measured in a recombinant inbred line population with 175 F7 lines that were subjected to high-potassium(HK) and low-potassium(LK) treatments by hydroponics. A total of 109 significant QTLs were identified to be associated with the examined traits. Sixty-one of these QTLs were integrated into nine stable QTLs. The higher heritability for RM and biomass traits and lower heritability for KUE-related traits, as well as nine stable QTLs for RM traits and only two for KUE-related traits,suggested that regulating RM traits would be more effective than selecting KUE traits directly to improve KUE by markerassisted selection. Furthermore, the integration of stable QTLs identified in the HK, LK, high-nitrogen(HN) and low-nitrogen(LN) conditions gave 10 QTL clusters. Seven of these clusters were classified into major QTLs that explained 7.4%–23.7% of the total phenotypic variation. Five of the major QTL clusters were detected under all of the treated conditions, and four clusters were specifically detected under the LK and LN conditions. These common and specific QTL clusters may be useful for the simultaneous improvement of multiple traits by marker-assisted selection.

关键词： Brassica napus L. root traits potassium efficiency QTL mapping QTL cluster

Comparison of transcriptomes undergoing waterlogging at the seedling stage between tolerant and sensitive varieties of Brassica napus L.

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第9期14卷 1723-1734页

作者： ZOU Xi-ling ZENG Liu LU Guang-yuan CHENG Yong XU Jin-song ZHANG Xue-kun Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil crops Ministry of Agriculture/Oil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

RNA sequencing of the sensitive GH01 variety of Brassica napus L. seedling roots under 12 h of waterlogging was compared with previously published data of the ZS9 tolerant variety to unravel genetic mechanisms of waterlogging tolerance beyond natural variation. A total of 2 977 genes with similar expression patterns and 17 genes with opposite expression patterns were identiifed in the transcription proifles of ZS9 and GH01. An additional 1 438 genes in ZS9 and 1 861 genes in GH01 showed strain speciifc regulation. Analysis of the overlapped genes between ZS9 and GH01 revealed that waterlogging tolerance is determined by ability to regulate genes with similar expression patterns. Moreover, differences in both gene expression proifles and abscisic acid (ABA) contents between the two varieties suggest that ABA may play some role in waterlogging tolerance. This study identiifes a subset of candidate genes for further functional analysis.

关键词： rapeseed(Brassica napus L.) waterlogging digital gene expression(DGE) roots transcriptome comparative analysis

Physicochemical and Sensory Properties of japonica Rice Varied with Production Areas in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第10期12卷 1748-1756页

作者： YANG Xiao-yu LIN Zhao-miao LIU Zheng-hui Md A Alim BI Jun-guo LI Gang-hua WANG Qiang-sheng WANG Shao-hua DING Yan-feng College of Agronomy Nanjing Agricultural University Guizhou institute of Subtropical crops

Northeast of China and Jiangsu Province are major production areas of japonica rice in *** from northeast of China is well-known for its good-eating and appearance quality,and that from Jiangsu Province is viewed as ***,little is known concerning the difference in physicochemical and sensory properties of rice between the major two production *** of 16 commercial rice samples showed marked differences in physicochemical properties,including chalky grain rate,contents of amylose and protein and pasting properties between the two main *** rice contained more shortchain amylopectin as compared with Jiangsu ***,Jiangsu rice is comparable to northeastern rice in terms of sensory quality including overall acceptability and textural properties of springiness,stickiness and hardness as evaluated by trained *** results indicated the limitation of conventional index of physicochemical properties,and suggested the necessity of identification of new factors controlling rice sensory *** addition,the taste analyzer from Japan demonstrates limitation in distinguishing the differences between northeastern and Jiangsu rice,and therefore needs localization to fit China.

关键词： rice sensory property physicochemical property production environment

Interaction between seed size and NaCl on germination and early seedling growth of some Turkish cultivars of chickpea(Cicer arietinum L.)

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2008年第5期9卷 371-377页

作者： Muharrem KAYA Gamze KAYA Mehmet Demir KAYA Mehmet ATAK Sevil SAGLAM Khalid Mahmood KHAWAR Cemalettin Yasar CIFTCI Department of Field crops Faculty of AgricultureSuleyman Demirel University Central Research institute for Field crops Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Department of Field crops Faculty of AgricultureMustafa Kemal University Department of Field crops Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of Ankara

Chickpea is an important food legume crop of Turkey and is largely grown for human consumption on low moisture or salt-affected soils. The objective of the study was to find the effects of NaCl stress at electrical conductivities of 4.5, 8.6, 12.7 and 16.3 dS/m and seed sizes （7, 8 and 9 mm） on germination and early seedling growth of three popular chickpea cultivars （AKN-97, Gokce and Uzunlu-99）. Mean frequency of germination, germination time, germination index, root length, shoot length and seedling fresh weight showed seed size-dependent responses ofcultivars to salt stress. In general, small seeds germinated and grew more rapidly compared to medium and large seeds of the same cultivars against all levels of salt stress, with the best results in cultivar Uzunlu-99. No effect of NaCl treatments was observed on frequency of germination; however, a drastic decrease in early seedling growth was recorded at increased NaC1 concentrations. Regression analysis results showed a significantly positive relationship （P〈0.01） between seed size and mean germination time, whereas a significantly negative relationship was recorded between seed size and germination index, root length, shoot length. Moreover, linear regression values apparently confirmed that increased seed size in each cultivar affected decreased germination index, root and shoot lengths with enhanced mean germination time. Thus, it was concluded that the use of small seeds could considerably reduce the production costs of chickpea in salt-affected soils.

关键词： Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) NaCl stress Cultivar Seed size Germination

Effects of iron oxide nanoparticles on phenotype and metabolite changes in hemp clones(Cannabis sativa L.)

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022年第10期16卷 119-129页

作者： Canhui Deng Qing Tang Zemao Yang Zhigang Dai Chaohua Cheng Ying Xu Xiaojun Chen Xiaoyu Zhang Jianguang Su institute of Bast Fiber crops Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangsha 410082China

We investigated the effect of iron oxide nanoparticles(Fe_(3)O_(4)NPs,~17 nm in size)on the phenotype and metabolite changes in hemp(Cannabis sativa L.),an annual crop distributed *** clones were grown in hydroponic cultures with Fe_(3)O_(4)NPs(50,100,200,or 500 mg/L)for four *** and ICP-MS were used to determine Fe_(3)O_(4)NPs uptake and ***-MS-based metabolomics was employed to explore the deep insight into the effect of Fe_(3)O_(4)NPs on hemp *** results revealed that plant growth enhanced gradually with increasing concentrations of given NPs up to 200 mg/L,which improved the fresh weight and dry weight by 36.13%and 74.68%,respectively,compared to the *** at a high dose(500 mg/L),Fe_(3)O_(4)NPs promoted plant growth,including increased biomass and tissue *** significantly increased the iron and chlorophyll content in plant tissues Increased catalase activity and reduced hydrogen peroxide content in hemp leaves suggested that the Fe_(3)O_(4)NPs activated the defense *** showed that NPs were abundantly attached to the cell wall and dispersed throughout the root *** revealed that Fe_(3)O_(4)NPs induced metabolic reprogramming in hemp leaves,including the up-regulation of carbohydrates and organic acids,and down-regulation of antioxidants,especially tetrahydrocannabinol(THC).The significantly up-regulated metabolites,including peonidin and 2-hydroxycinnamic acid,could be involved in photosynthesis in hemp *** results demonstrate the potential of Fe_(3)O_(4)NPs for promoting hemp growth and decreasing the THC content at low doses.

关键词： Fe3O4 nanoparticle Hemp Growth enhancement THC Metabolite

Ultrasonic Acoustic Emissions from Leaf Xylem of Potted Wheat Subject to a Soil Drought and Rewatering Cycle

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2006年第5期5卷 346-355页

作者： JIA Xiu-ling ZHANG Li-hua MA Rui-kun WANG Zhen-lin ZHANG Quan-guo YAO Yan-rong College of Agronomy Shandong Agricultural University Tai＇an 271018 P.R. China institute of cereal and Oil crops Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences Shijiazhuang 050031 P.R. China

Ultrasonic acoustic emissions （AEs） from leaf xylem of both water stressed and well watered potted winter wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） plants during drought and rewatering cycle were investigated with a ‘PCI-2 Based AE System＇（Physical Acoustics Corp. New Jersey, USA） for estimation of leaf xylem cavitation and embolism. Very few AEs occurred in xylem of wheat leaves in well-watered plant, and also in plant subject to mild and moderate soil water stress conditions over the first 4 d of the drought cycle. Great amounts of AEs have occurred since d 5 of the drought cycle as plant showed obvious leaf curling, indicating significant cavitation in leaf xylem on plant exposed to severe soil water deficit. At this point, relative soil water content （RSWC） and leaf xylem pressure （ψ1） dropped to 24.0-26.5% and -1.92 MPa, respectively, with reductions in leaf stomatal conductance （gs）, leaf transpiration （Tr） and leaf CO2 assimilation rate （A） of as much as 69.8, 60.7 and 46.5%, respectively. The effect of soil water deficit was in the order gs 〉 Tr 〉 A 〉 AE. Waveform physical property parameters such as amplitude, counts, rise time, duration, absolute energy and signal strength were analyzed. These parameters varied within very broad ranges, with frequency distribution of most parameters being well fitted by the exponential function y = yo- A exp （-x/t）. The proportion of stronger AE signals rose as soil dehydrated. While AEs occurrence in water stressed plant remained higher than in well-watered control at the following day after rewatering, waveform signal strength and related physical property parameters dropped immediately to that of control. Difference in AEs occurrence characterization between field-grown and potted wheat leaves was discussed.

关键词： xylem embolism ultrasonic acoustic emissions waveform physical property wheat leaves