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Magma chamber growth models in the upper crust: A review of the hydraulic and inertial constraints

Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第3期10卷 1211-1218页

作者： Eugenio Aragón Fernando J.D'Eramo Lucio P.Pinotti Manuel demartis José María Tubía Roberto F.Weinberg Jorge E.Coniglio centro de investigaciones Geologicas (COnICET-Universidad nacional de La Plata).Diagonal 113 n° 275 Universidad nacional de Río Cuarto CONICET Departamento de Geología (Ruta Nac.N° 36 Km 601) departamento de Geodinámica Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU) School of Earth Atmosphere and Environment Monash University

Finite volumes of magma moving in confinement, store hydraulic potential energy for the generation,control and transmission of power. The Pascal's principle in a hydraulic jack arrangement is used to model the vertical and lateral growth of sills. The small input piston of the hydraulic jack is equivalent to the feeder dike, the upper large expansible piston equivalent to the magmatic chamber and the inertial force of the magma in the dike is the input force. This arrangement is particularly relevant to the case of sills expanding with blunt tips, for which rapid fracture propagation is inhibited. Hydraulic models concur with experimental data that show that lateral expansion of magma into a sill is promoted when the vertical ascent of magma through a feeder dike reaches the bottom contact with an overlying, flat rigid-layer. At this point, the magma is forced to decelerate, triggering a pressure wave through the conduit caused by the continued ascent of magma further down(fluid-hammer effect). This pressure wave can provide overpressure enough to trigger the initial hydraulic lateral expansion of magma into an incipient sill, and still have enough input inertial force left to continue feeding the hydraulic system. The lateral expansion underneath the strong impeding layer, causes an area increase and thus, further hydraulic amplification of the input inertial force on the sides and roof of the incipient sill, triggering further expansion in a self-reinforcing process. Initially, the lateral pressure increase is larger than that in the roof allowing the sill to expand. However, expansion eventually increases the total integrated force on the roof allowing its uplift into either a laccolith, if the roof preserves continuity, or into a piston bounded by a circular set of fractures. Hydraulic models for shallow magmatic chambers, also suggest that laccolith-like intrusions require the existence of a self-supported chamber roof. In contrast, if the roof of magmatic cham

关键词： Pascal’s principle Geologic hydraulic jack Emplacement Sills growth Fluid hammer

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Alexander disease:the road ahead

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neural Regeneration Research 2023年第10期18卷 2156-2160页

作者： María A.Pajares Elena Hernández-Gerez Milos Pekny Dolores Pérez-Sala department of Structural and Chemical Biology Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita SalasMadridSpain Laboratory of Astrocyte Biology and CnS Regeneration Center for Brain RepairDepartment of Clinical NeuroscienceInstitute of Neuroscience and PhysiologySahlgrenska Academy at the University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden University of newcastle NewcastleNSWand the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthParkvilleVICAustralia

Alexander disease is a rare neurodegenerative disorder caused by mutations in the glial fibrillary acidic protein,a type III intermediate filament protein expressed in *** early(infantile or juvenile)and adult onsets of the disease are known and,in both cases,astrocytes present characteristic aggregates,named Rosenthal *** are spread along the glial fibrillary acidic protein sequence disrupting the typical filament network in a dominant *** the presence of aggregates suggests a proteostasis problem of the mutant forms,this behavior is also observed when the expression of wild-type glial fibrillary acidic protein is ***,several isoforms of glial fibrillary acidic protein have been described to date,while the impact of the mutations on their expression and proportion has not been exhaustively ***,the posttranslational modification patterns and/or the protein-protein interaction networks of the glial fibrillary acidic protein mutants may be altered,leading to functional changes that may modify the morphology,positioning,and/or the function of several organelles,in turn,impairing astrocyte normal function and subsequently affecting *** particular,mitochondrial function,redox balance and susceptibility to oxidative stress may contribute to the derangement of glial fibrillary acidic protein mutant-expressing *** study the disease and to develop putative therapeutic strategies,several experimental models have been developed,a collection that is in constant *** fact that most cases of Alexander disease can be related to glial fibrillary acidic protein mutations,together with the availability of new and more relevant experimental models,holds promise for the design and assay of novel therapeutic strategies.

关键词： astrocytes endoplasmic reticulum stress glial fibrillary acidic protein mutants metabolism misassembly misfolding neurodegeneration oxidative stress posttranslational modifications unfolded protein response

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Evaluation and hedonic value in mate choice

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Current Zoology 2018年第4期64卷 485-492页

作者： Gil G. ROSEnTHAL Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA centro de investigaciones Cientificas de la Huastecas "Aguazarca" Università degli Studi di Torino Italy

Mating preferences can show extreme variation within and among individuals even when sensory inputs are conserved. This variation is a result of changes associated with evaluative mechanisms that assign positive, neutral, or negative hedonic value to stimuli-that is, label them as attractive, uninteresting, or unattractive. There is widespread behavioral evidence for differences in genes, environmental cues, or social experience leading to marked changes in the hedonic value of stimuli. Evaluation is accomplished through an array of mechanisms that are readily modifiable through genetic changes or environmental inputs, and that may often result in the rapid acquisition or loss of behavioral preferences. Reversals in preference arising from "flips" in hedonic value may be quite common. Incorporating such discontinuous changes into models of preference evolution may illuminate our understanding of processes like trait diversification, sexual conflict, and sympatric speciation.

关键词：价值评估配偶选择基因变化偏爱多样化不连续输入

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Arthropods on plants in a fragmented neotropical dry forest： A functional analysis of area loss and edge effects

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Insect Science 2015年第1期22卷 129-138页

作者： Ezequiel Gonzalez Adriana Salvo Graciela Valladares centro de investigaciones Entomol6gicas de C6rdoba (IMBIV - COnICET) and Universidad nacional de C6rdoba C6rdoba Argentina

Loss and fragmentation of natural ecosystems are widely recognized as the most important threats to biodiversity conservation, with neotropical dry forests among the most endangered ecosystems. Area and edge effects are major factors in fragmented landscapes. Here, we examine area and edge effects and their interaction, on ensembles of arthropods associated to native vegetation in a fragmented Chaco Serrano forest. We analyzed family richness and community composition of herbivores, predators, and parasitoids on three native plant species in 12 fragments of varying size and at edge/interior positions. We also looked for indicator families by using Indicator Species Analysis. Loss of family richness with the reduction of forest fragment area was observed for the three functional groups, with sirnilar magnitude. Herbivores were richer at the edges without interaction between edge and area effects, whereas predators were not affected by edge/interior position and parasitoid richness showed an interaction between area and position, with a steeper area slope at the edges. Family composition of herbivore, predator, and parasitoid assemblages was also affected by forest area and/or edge/interior situation. We found three indicator families for large remnants and five for edges. Our results support the key role of forest area for conservation of arthropods taxonomic and functional diversity in a highly threatened region, and emphasize the need to understand the interactions between area and edge effects on such diversity.

关键词： area loss Chaco Serrano edge effect forest arthropods functional groups habitat fragmentation

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Evaluation of antiparasitic,anticancer,antimicrobial and hypoglycemic properties of organic extracts from Panamanian mangrove plants

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2018年第1期11卷 32-39页

作者： Dioxelis Lopez Lilia Cherigo Alejandro de Sedas Carmenza Spadafora Sergio Martinez-Luis centro de Biodiversidad y descubrimiento de Drogas Instituto de Investigaciones Cientificas y Servicios de Alta Tecnologia (INDICASAT AIP) department of Biotechnology Acharya Nagarjuna University departamento de Química Orgánica Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Tecnología Universidad de Panamá centro de Biología Celular y Molecular de Enfermedades Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP)

Objective: To investigate 33 organic extracts of mangrove plants for: antiparasitic, anticancer, and antibacterial activities, as well as their ability to inhibit the activity of the α-glucosidase enzyme. Methods: Leaves from all different plant mangrove species located in five mangrove zones of the Pacific coast of Panama were collected according to standard procedures. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of the organic extracts was performed by thin layer chromatography. The antiparasitic activity against Plasmodium falciparum, Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania donovani, toxicity against Artemia salina, anticancer activity in MCF-7 cell line, and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa of all organic extract were investigated according protocols stablished in our institution. Finally, the ability to inhibit the enzymatic activity of α-glucosidase was evaluated by monitoring the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl α-Dglucopyranoside. Results: Thirty-three different samples belonging to nine different species of vascular plants with seeds of true mangroves were collected. Triterpenoids, phenolics, and tannins were the main groups of compounds found in the sampled mangroves. Saponins, quinones, and coumarins were found in less than 50%of the samples. Laguncularia racemosa showed moderate activity against Plasmodium falciparum. none of the extracts presented anticancer activity. Rhizophora mangle exhibited potent activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis [(90.41 ±7.33)% and(96.02±6.14)% of inhibition]; Avicennia germinans and Conocarpus erectus had activity against Escherichia coli[(71.17±6.15)% and(60.60±5. 13)% of inhibition,respectively]. About 60% of the mangroves showed α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. In particular, extracts from Laguncularia racemosa, Pelliciera rhizophorae, Conocarpus erectus, Mora oleifera, and Tabebuia palustris species showed α-glucosidase inhibitory pot

关键词： Mangrove plants Anticancer activity Antibacterial activity Antiparasitic activity Alpha-glucosidase inhibition

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Human immunology and immunotherapy:main achievements and challenges

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第4期18卷 805-828页

作者： Jezabel Varade Susana Magadan Africa Gonzalez-Fernandez OnBIO Centro de Investigaciones BiomedicasUniversidade de VigoImmunology GroupCampus Universitario LagoasMarcosende36310 VigoSpain Instituto de Investigacidn Sanitaria Galicia Sur(IIS-Galicia Sur) ERGAS-UVIGOVigoSpain

The immune system is a fascinating world of cells,soluble factors,interacting cells,and tissues,all of which are *** highly complex nature of the immune system makes it difficult to view it as a whole,but researchers are now trying to put all the pieces of the puzzle together to obtain a more complete *** development of new specialized equipment and immunological techniques,genetic approaches,animal models,and a long list of monoclonal antibodies,among many other factors,are improving our knowledge of this sophisticated *** different types of cell subsets,soluble factors,membrane molecules,and cell functionalities are some aspects that we are starting to understand,together with their roles in health,aging,and *** knowledge is filling many of the gaps,and in some cases,it has led to changes in our previous assumptions;e.g.,adaptive immune cells were previously thought to be unique memory cells until trained innate immunity was observed,and several innate immune cells with features similar to those of cytokine-secreting T cells have been ***,we have improved our knowledge not only regarding immune-mediated illnesses and how the immune system works and interacts with other systems and components(such as the microbiome)but also in terms of ways to manipulate this system through *** development of different types of immunotherapies,including vaccines(prophylactic and therapeutic),and the use of pathogens,m onodonal antibodies,recombinant proteins,cytokines,and cellular immunotherapies,are changing the way in which we approach many diseases,especially cancer.

关键词： Vaccines CAR T cells Trained immunity Microbiota Cancer Monoclonal antibodies

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Mercury levels in human population from a mining district in Western Colombia

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第6期30卷 83-90页

作者： Harry Gutiérrez-Mosquera S.B.Sujitha M.P.Jonathan S.K.Sarkar Fairy Medina-Mosquera Helcias Ayala-Mosquera Gladis Morales-Mira Laura Arreola-Mendoza Facultad de Ingenieria Universidad Tecnologica del Choco Carrera 22 No.18B-10 Quibdo Colombia centro Interdisciplinario de investigaciones y Estudios sobre Medio Ambiente y desarrollo (CIIEMAD) Instituto Politecnico Nacional (IPN) Calle 30 de junio de 1520 Barrio la Laguna Ticomdn Del. Gustavo A. Madero C.P.07340 Ciudad de Mexico Mexico department of Marine Science University of Calcutta 35 Ballygunge Circular Road Calcutta 700 019 India Instituto de investigaciones Ambientales del Pacifico (IIAP) Carrera 6 No. 37-39 quibdo Colombia Facultad de Ingenieria Uniuersidad de Medellin Carrera 87 No. 30-65 Medellin Colombia

A biomonitoring study was carried out to examine the adverse impacts of total mercury in the blood（HgB）, urine（Hg U） and human scalp hair（HgH） on the residents of a mining district in Colombia. Representative biological samples（scalp hair, urine and blood） were collected from volunteered participants（n = 63） to estimate the exposure levels of THg using a Direct mercury analyzer. The geometric mean of THg concentrations in the hair,urine and blood of males were 15.98 μg/g, 23.89 μg/L and 11.29 μg/L respectively, whereas the females presented values of 8.55 μg/g, 5.37 μg/L and 8.80 μg/L. Chronic urinary Hg（HgU）levels observed in male workers（32.53 μg/L） are attributed to their long termed exposures to inorganic and metallic mercury from gold panning activities. On an average, the levels of THg are increasing from blood（10.05 μg/L） to hair（12.27 μg/g） to urine（14.63 μg/L）.Significant positive correlation was found between hair and blood urinary levels in both male and female individuals. Thus the present biomonitoring investigation to evaluate the Hg levels and associated health issues would positively form a framework for further developmental plans and policies in building an ecofriendly ecosystem.

关键词： Humans Mercury Gold panning Biomarkers Toxicity Colombia

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Potential seed germination-enhancing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria for restoration of Pinus chiapensis ecosystems

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第5期32卷 2143-2153页

作者： Cristina Domínguez-Castillo Julia María Alatorre-Cruz Dolores Castañeda-Antonio Jose Antonio Munive Xianwu Guo Jesús Francisco López-Olguín Luis Ernesto Fuentes-Ramírez Ricardo Carreño-López centro de investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas Instituto de CienciasBenemérita Universidad Autónoma de PueblaPueblaMéxico Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro QuerétaroMéxico centro de Biotecnología Genómica Instituto Politécnico NacionalReynosaTamaulipasMéxico

Rhizosphere soil samples of three Pinus chiapensis sites were analyzed for their physicochemical properties,soil bacteria isolated and screened in vitro for growthpromoting *** isolates that showed promise were identified to five genera Dyella,Luteimonas,Euterobacter,Paraburkholderia and Bacillus based on the sequences of16 S rRnA *** the strains were isolated from nondisturbed *** bacteria significantly decreased germination time and increased sprout *** acetic acid and gibberellin production and phosphate solubilisation were *** indicate that these biochemicals could be essential for *** distribution and suggest the possibility that PGPR inoculation on *** seeds prior to planting could improve germination and possibly seedling development.

关键词： Pinus chiapensis Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria Dyella Luteimonas Enterobacter

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Estimation of endogenous protein and amino acid ileal losses in weaned piglets by regression analysis using diets with graded levels of casein

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2014年第1期5卷 74-79页

作者： Tércia Cesária Reis de Souza Araceli Aguilera Barreyro Gerardo Mariscal-Landín Facultad de Ciencias naturales Universidad Autónoma de QuerétaroSantiago de Querétaro Av. De las Ciencias s/n Juriquilla 76000 QuerétaroQuerétaro México centro nacional de Investigación en Fisiología Animal Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias Km 1Carretera a Colón Ajuchitlán Colón Querétaro 76280 México

Background： Many studies have investigated endogenous loss of proteins and amino acids （AAs） at the ileal level in growing pigs. However, only a few studies have researched this subject in piglets. Knowledge regarding AA ileal digestibility in piglets would be helpful during the formulation of diets for weaning piglets, rather than just using coefficients obtained in growing pigs. Therefore, in this study, we sought to estimate endogenous protein and AA ileal losses in piglets. Furthermore, apparent and true ileal digestibility （AID and TID） of protein and AAs from casein were measured. Results： The average flow of protein was 20.8 g/kg of dry matter intake （DMI）. Basal protein loss, as estimated by regression, was 16.9 g/kg DMI. Glutamic acid, arginine, and aspartic acid （2.2, 1.4, and 1.2 g/kg DMI, respectively） were the AAs for which greater losses were seen. The AID of protein and AAs increased as the protein level in the diet increased. A higher increment in AID was observed between diets with 80 and160 g CP/kg of feed; this finding was mainly attributable to increases in glycine and arginine （46.1% and 18%, respectively）. The TID of protein was 97.8, and the TID of AAs varied from 93.9 for histidine to 100.2 for phenylalanine. Conclusions： The basal endogenous protein loss in piglets was 16.9 g/kg DMI. Endogenous protein was rich in glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and arginine, which represented 32.7% of endogenous protein loss in weaning piglets. The TID of casein was high and varied from 93.0 for histidine to 100.2 for phenylalanine.

关键词： Amino acid loss Ileal digestibility Protein loss Weaned piglets

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Effects of corn gluten feed inclusion at graded levels in a corn-soybean diet on the ileal and fecal digestibility of growing pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第1期6卷 63-68页

作者： Gerardo Mariscal Landin Tercia Cesaria Reis de Souza Ericka Ramirez Rodriguez centro nacional de Investigacion en Fisiologia Animal Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agricolas y PecuariasKm 1Carretera a ColonAjuchitlan ColonQueretaro 76280Mexico Facultad de Ciencias naturales Universidad Autonoma de QueretaroSantiago de QueretaroAv.De las Ciencias s/n Juriquilla 76000QueretaroQueretaroMexico

Background： This study aimed to determine the effect of the inclusion of corn gluten feed （CGF） on the apparent and standardized ileal digestibility of protein and amino acids and the apparent ileal and total tract digestibility of energy in growing pigs. The study was performed using 16 barrows （weight, 45.3 ±4.5 kg） that were fitted with a T cannula at the terminal ileum. There were four treatments： a corn-soybean diet without CGF and three corn-soybean diets containing increasing levels of CGF （65, 130, and 195 g/kg）. Data were analyzed according to a randomized complete block design, four blocks with four pigs each （one pig per treatment）. The trend of the response （linear or quadratic） was determined using orthogonal contrasts, and when a linear effect was determined, a linear equation was obtained. Results： The results showed that the inclusion up to 195 g/kg of CGF in the corn-soybean diet did not diminish the ileal digestibility （apparent and standardized） of protein and amino acids （P 〉 0.05）, except that of phenylalanine, cystine, and proline. A linear decrease （P 〈 0.05） per gram of CGF added to the diet in the apparent and standardized ileal digestibility of phenylalanine （0.011 and 0.015 percentage units, respectively）, cystine （0.048 and 0.043 percentage units, respectively）, and proline （0.045 and 0.047 percentage units, respectively） was noted. Similarly, ileal digestibility of dry matter and energy were adversely affected （reduced by 0.028 and 0.025 percentage units, respectively, per gram of CGF increment in the diet）. A significant （P 〈 0.05） linear reduction in total tract digestibility with increase in CGF amount in the diet was observed for energy （0.027 percentage units）, dry matter （0.027 percentage units）, crude protein （0.020 percentage units）, and neutral detergent fiber （0.041 percentage units） per gram of CGF added to the diet. Conclusion： CGF did not affect the ileal digestibility of protein and most amino acids but reduced the ileal an

关键词： Amino acids Corn gluten feed Energy Ileal digestibility Pigs Total tract digestibility

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